2013全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟试题第三套试题分析.docx

2013全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟试题_理工类_A级（三）一、词汇选项(共15题，共15.0分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 Laser beams can be used to bore metals and other hard materials. A trim B melt C drill D slice选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： bore v. 钻孔(drill)/trim v. 整饰(make neat)/drill v. 钻孔(bore)；训练(train)2 The cost of elections in the United States is borne by both the government and the private sector. A known B fought C exposed D assumed选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： borne v. bear的过去分词由承担 (assumed)/expose v .使暴露(disclose, uncover)3 Acknowledged as the main cause of hay fever the pollen of ragweed is very bothersome. A intriguing B annoying C potent D significant选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： bothersome adj. 令人烦恼的 (annoying, troublesome)/acknowledge v. 承认 (admit)/pollen n. 花粉/potent adj. 有力的(powerful)/intriguing adj. 令人好奇的(fascinating)4 They got in quite a brawl. A snit B fight C bally D littering选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： brawl n. 争吵(quarrel, fight)/snit n. 愤怒(anger, agitation)/bally adj./adv. 很，极(very, rather)5 By providing legal representation, the American Civil Liberties Union works to defend citizens against breaches of their civil rights. A branches B exercises C perusals D violations选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： breach n. 侵犯(violation）/perusal n. 细读(reading carefully)6 The first step in planning a marketing strategy for a new product is to analyze the breakdown of sales figures for competitive products. A decrease in B reordering of C itemization of D collapse in选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： breakdown n. 细目分类 (itemization); 崩溃(collapse)/strategy n. 战略(tactics)/itemization n. 详细分类(enumeration, particularization)7 The bricklayer is working on the house today. A carpenter B plumber C electrician D mason 选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： bricklayer n. 泥瓦匠(mason) /carpenter n. 木匠/plumber n 管工/electrician n. 电工8 Brilliantly colored flowers attract insects. A Delicately B Sensibly C Harmoniously D Brightly 选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： brilliantly adv. 辉煌地，灿烂地 (dazzlingly, brightly)/harmoniously adv. 和谐地 (congenially, friendly)9 On the brink of matrimony, he fled to a desert island. A ship B proposal C edge D evasion选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： brink n. 边缘 (edge)/matrimony n. 婚姻 (wedlock, marriage)/proposal n. 求婚 (offer of marriage)/evasion n. 躲避 (avoidance)10 Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, beliefs and traditions that people have handed down from generation to generation. A fancifully B liberally C quaintly D dryly选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： broadly adv.粗略地(in a general way, liberally)；广泛地(widely, expensively)/folklore n. 民间文化(local culture)/liberally adv. 不严格地，大致地/quaintly adv.古怪地(unusually)11 Maria Chapman, abolitionist and close associate of William Lloyed Garrison, wrote many brochures condemning slavery. A slogans B short poems C sentiments D short pamphlets选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： brochure n .小册子(pamphlet)/abolitionist n. 主张废除黑人奴隶制者/condemn v. 谴责 (criticize, denounce)/slogan n. 口号，标语(catchword, watchword)12 Its evident that her handling of them has bruised the peaches. A promulgated B infatuated C damaged D infuriate选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： bruise v. 碰伤(injure)/peach n. 桃子/promulgate v .宣告(make public, announce)/infatuate v. 迷恋 (enamour)/infuriate v. 激怒(anger, enrage)13 Messalinas name has become a byword for notorious behavior. A an epithet B an abstraction C an indication D an oration选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： byword n. 代名词，绰号(epithet)/oration n. 演说，演讲(speech, address)14 The caliber of F.Scott Fitzgeralds writing was reassessed by literary critics in the 1950s. A idealism B creativity C quality D imagery选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： caliber n. 才能，才干(quality of mind or character)/reassess v.重新评价 (reevaluate)/idealism n.理想主义/imagery n.肖像，形象(image)15 People fishing on a lake must wait calmly so as not to scare the fish away. A considerately B hungrily C alertly D quietly 选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： calmly adv.安静地，冷静地(silently, imperturbably)/alertly adv.警惕地 (cautiously)/considerately adv. 体贴地,考虑周到地(thoughtfully, kindly)二、阅读判断(共7题，共7.0分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 Learning DisorderDyslexia As many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia. Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled .The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different .In most people, the left side of the brainthe part that controls languageis larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a babys body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.16 One out of five American children suffers from dyslexia. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 文章第一段说在美国有多达20%的儿童患有读写困难症，“one out of five”的意思是“每五个人中有一个”，即20%的人。17 Many great thinkers and scientists in the world are dyslexic. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： C 文中仅提到爱因斯坦和爱迪生为读写困难症患者，并未讲有许多类似情况。18 The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 文章第二段提到欧洲和美国在80多年以前首次发现读写困难症患者。19 The left side of the brain in a dyslexic person is bigger than the right side. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： B 第二段讲到大多数人的左脑比右脑大，而患有读写困难症的人则刚好相反。20 Generally speaking, dyslexia is more common in left-handed males than in right-handed females. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 第二段说有研究表明男人比女人更易患读写困难症，惯用左手者比惯用右手者更易患读写困难症，据此我们可以推断该句是正确的。21 It is believed that dyslexia is related to the bad habits of a babys mother. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： C 读写困难症的成因尚不清楚，但有些科学家认为该病是由早在婴儿出生之前即在其体内发生的化学变化所致，并未提及与其母亲的不良习惯有关。22 Dyslexic people often turn out to be intelligent or creative once they have learned to handle language properly. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned选择答案： A B C 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 文章最后一句话说在解决了语言方面的问题之后，得过读写困难症的人往往表现出超人的智慧和创造力。三、概括大意与完成句子(共8题，共8.0分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。How to Learn Language Successfully1 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2 First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language .Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guesters who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.3 Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete .It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every world.4 Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them .They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5 What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.23 Paragraph 1 _ A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B Learning a Language Purposefully C Learning a Language Actively D Learning a Language Independently E Learning from Mistakes F Learning to Think in the Target Language选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 第一段第一句和最后一句告诉我们学语言是有技巧的。第一段是一个总的说明，并没有说这些技巧是什么样的技巧。因此，A是合适的选择。24 Paragraph 2 _ A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B Learning a Language Purposefully C Learning a Language Actively D Learning a Language Independently E Learning from Mistakes F Learning to Think in the Target Language选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： D 第二段第一句跟D是一个意思，E来自第二段的最后一句，但是从错误(mistakes) 中学到一些东西并不是独立学习的全部，因此不是最合适的选择。25 Paragraph 3 _ A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B Learning a Language Purposefully C Learning a Language Actively D Learning a Language Independently E Learning from Mistakes F Learning to Think in the Target Language选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： C 第三段第一句跟C表达的是一个意思。F在第三段的最后一句中能找到，但这也只是积极学习的一个方面。26 Paragraph 4 _ A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B Learning a Language Purposefully C Learning a Language Actively D Learning a Language Independently E Learning from Mistakes F Learning to Think in the Target Language选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： B 第四段第一句跟B在表达上有异，但意思相同。27 Successful language learners derive conclusions _. A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B to expand vocabulary C to use the target language D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E from clues F to say strange things选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：E 试题解析： E 答案可以从第二段中找到，derive conclusions from clues 跟look for clues and form their own conclusions意思差不多。28 Independent language learners rely on themselves _. A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B to expand vocabulary C to use the target language D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E from clues F to say strange things选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：A 试题解析： A 整个句子跟第二段第三句表达的意思差不多。29 Active language learners seize every opportunity _. A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B to expand vocabulary C to use the target language D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E from clues F to say strange things选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： C 答案来自第三段第二句。第三段讲到有主动精神的人是不怕说出一些古怪的事的。 但从中并不能推出他们总是抓住一切机会说怪事。因此F不是合适的选择。另外，第三段的最后一句话讲到用所学语言思维比知道每个词的意义更重要，因此B也不可能是合适的选择。30 The author wrote this text _. A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B to expand vocabulary C to use the target language D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E from clues F to say strange things选择答案： A B C D E F 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： D 答案可以从最后一段中的最后一句话里找到。四、阅读理解(共15题，共45.0分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Renewable Energy Sources Today petroleum provides around 40% of the worlds energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel. Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. We could fast reach an energy crisis. We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. They may benefit the worlds poor too. “Renewable” refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced. The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2000 years ago. But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870. Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around 20% of world electricity. Chinas Three Gorges Dam, which has just been completed, is the largest ever. At five times the size of the USs Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3% of Chinas entire electricity demand. Surprisingly, some argue that hydroelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases. In 2003, the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill, but others take the form of turbines. As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the worlds entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally benignthey can interfere with radar and leave a significant ecological footprint, altering climate and killing sea birds. Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them Scotland is building Europes largest wind farm, which will power 200,000 homes. The UKs goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources, mainly wind, by 2020. But this may cause problems, because wind is unreliable.31 What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article? A Petroleum and coal. B Natural gas. C Wind and water. D A and B.选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： D 文章第一段提到石油（petroleum）、煤（coal）和天然气(natural gas) 三种矿物燃料（fossil fuel），并且说这些可采掘到的燃料将在50年的时间里用完，所以需要开发再生能源。文章后几段提到了水资源和风能这两种renewable resources。根据这一理解，D是正确选项。32 Chinas Three Gorges Dam A is the first hydroelectric dam in the world. B is of the same size of the USs Hoover Dam. C is the largest of all the hydroelectric dams in the world. D supplies around 20% of the world electricity.选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：C 试题解析： C A是错误选项，因为第二段第二句说世界上第一个水利大坝建在英国；B是错误选项，因为该段第五句指出三峡大坝比美国的Hoover大坝大五倍；该段第三句说水力发电为世界提供20%的电能，所以D也是错误选项。该段第四句则明确告诉我们C是 答案。33 Which is the country with the first commercial power station that makes use of ocean currents produced by tides. A China. B Norway. C England. D America.选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： B 文章第三段说2003年挪威首次运营利用潮汐进行发电的商业电站。所以，B是正确选项。34 Which of the following statements is true of wind power? A There is plenty of wind to provide the worlds entire energy needs. B It is the most rapidly growing type of electricity production. C It may not be reliable. D All of the above.选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：D 试题解析： D 文章第四段提到了A、B、C的内容，所以D是正确选项。35 According to the article, resources such as wind A are sustainable but not replaceable. B are renewable so sustainable. C are sustainable so renewable. D are irreplaceable.选择答案： A B C D 您的答案： 正确答案：B 试题解析： B 这个问题的理解以来对整篇文章内容的理解。文章第一段最后一句说：“Renewable” refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.其意思是： 再生能源消耗的速度很慢，以至于不会被替代。所以，这种能源是sustainable。Immigration and Problems Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rig