高一牛津英语必修3词汇精讲.doc

一重点词汇Civilization文明 lecture讲座 found兴建Volcano火山 erupt 火山等爆发 pour涌泄Unfortunate不幸的是 decorate装修 flee逃避，逃跑Researcher 研究者 disaster 灾难 destory破坏Commercial商业的，贸易的 wealthy富有的，富裕的 gradually渐渐地Sandstorm沙尘暴 scholar学者 cultural文化的Institute机构，研究所 ruin废墟，毁坏 二重要词汇Civilization(1)文明（社会）(2)闻名世界The book explores the relationship between religion and civization.2.take over夺取，接管，接任The large company has taken over many small ones.Our firm took over 2 fruit packing companies last year.Take away拿走，使离开Take back退回(某物)，收回（所说的话）3.erupt(火山)等爆发，喷发，突然发生Violence has erupted on the streets.扩展Eruption火山爆发Eruptive喷发的4.pour(1)灌，倾倒Pour the milk into a jug.把牛奶灌进湖里（2）雨倾盆而下She watched the rain pouring down the window.(3)不断涌来或涌现扩展Pour sb sth给某人倒某物Pour sth into/down把某物倒进Pour into 涌入Pour down倾注，倾泻Pour cold water on对泼冷水Pour out 倒出，倾吐5.unfortunate不幸的，令人遗憾的（1）不幸的，倒霉的There are different unfortunite rasons in unfortunate families.(2)令人遗憾的，可惜的It is rather unfortunate that the President should have said this.6.decorate(1)装饰，装潢Decorate sth with sth用某物装饰某物Sth decored with sth某物被某物装饰（2）粉刷，油漆We need to decorate the sitting room.7.destroy破坏，毁坏扩展Destroyer破坏者Destruction毁灭，破坏Destructive破坏性的8.wealthy富有的，富裕的扩展Wealthily有财富地，富有地Wealth财产，财富A wealth of 许多的，大量的Be wealth in 富于的9. gradually渐渐地，逐渐地Adj gradual 逐渐的10.ruin 毁灭，废墟，垮台，使破产（1）毁坏，毁灭，灭亡，破产，垮台The news meant the ruin of all our hopes.(2)废墟，遗迹，残留物The attack had reduced the town to a smoking ruin.(3)vt.毁灭，破坏，使破产，The island has been ruined by tourism. 知识扩展Fall into ruin坍塌 come to ruin毁灭，奔溃Bring sb to ruin使某人破产 ruin sbs hope使某人希望破灭辨析Destory,ruin,damagedestory指通过某种有利的，或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时可以用于比喻意义。ruin强调毁灭的彻底性，并且是一次性行为。这种毁灭也许力量不是很强大，但其严重性却使其不能修复。它强调的是破坏的长期结果。damage则指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可以修复。11.remain仍然是，保持不变 (1)Remain +n/adj/介词短语、过去分词、现在分词They will remain in contact with us.They remained satisfied with their success.She remained sitting when they came in.(2)停留，留下Let things remain as they have been in the past!仍然（有待）去做 Remain to be downA number of problems remain to be solved.扩展：Remains剩余物，残留物Remaining 剩下的，余下的辨析Remain与leftRemain无被动语态，其形容词性为 remaining,常做前置状语，left则做后置定语，