2019_2020学年高中英语Unit3AhealthylifeSectionⅡTheLanguagePointsofReading教学案新人教版选修.doc

Section The Language Points of Reading课前重点检测.重点词汇1.abuse (n.& vt.) 滥用；虐待2.stress (n.) 压力；重音 (vt.) 加压力于；使紧张stressful (adj.) 产生压力的；紧张的stressed (adj.) 感到有压力的3.ban (n.) 禁令；谴责 (vt.) 禁止banned (过去式，过去分词)4.tough (adj.) 困难的；强硬的5.addicted (adj.) 入了迷的；上了瘾的addict (n.) 吸毒成瘾的人；对入迷的人addiction (n.) 瘾；入迷6.accustom (vt.) 使习惯于accustomed (adj.) 习惯了的；惯常的7.withdrawal (n.) 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程withdraw (v.) 撤退；撤回8.automatic (adj.) 无意识的；自动的9.mental (adj.) 精神的；智力的mentally (adv.) 精神上；智力上10.effect (n.) 结果；效力effective (adj.) 有效的，起作用的11.abnormal (adj.) 畸形的；异常的normal (adj.) 正常的12.unfit (adj.) 不健康的；不合格的；不合适的fit (adj.) 合适的13.strengthen (vt.) 加强；巩固；使坚强 (vi.) 变强strength (n.) 力量；长处14.desperate (adj.) 绝望的；拼命的desperately (adv.) 拼命地；绝望地15.chemist (n.) 药剂师；化学家chemistry (n.) 化学chemical (adj.) 化学的16.disappointed (adj.) 失望的；沮丧的disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的disappointment (n.) 失望；沮丧17.ashamed (adj.) 感到惭愧或羞愧的shame (n.) 耻辱shameful (adj.) 可耻的18.give_up 放弃19.by_the_way 顺便说一下；顺便问一下20.over_and_over_again 反复地21.do_damage_to 损害；伤害22.decide_on 对作出决定23.feel_like_doing 想要做24.be_accustomed_to 习惯于25.be_addicted_to 对有瘾26.due_to 由于27.reach_for_sth. 伸手取某物.教材原句1.You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted _ cigarettes.答案：to2.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to _ (have) nicotine in it.答案：having3.When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful _ (affect) of smoking.答案：effects4.It might help you to stop and _ (strong) your resolve.答案：strengthen5.Every time you feel like _ (smoke) a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.答案：smoking6.Do not be _ (disappoint) if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.答案：disappointed7.If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel _ (shame)答案：ashamed课堂分段精讲第1段1.I think my long and active life must be due_to the healthy life I live.(教材P18)我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的due to 由于；归功于The team are_due_to fly to Italy next month.该球队预定下个月飞往意大利。Shes pregnant and the babys due in April.她怀孕了，预产期是在4月份。Thanks are_due_to all those who took part.向全体参加者致谢。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空His new book is due _ (publish) next year. 答案：to be published (2)单句写作实验的最终结果预计在12月9日出来。The final results of the experiment are _ December 9. 因为重度雾霾，运动会被推迟了。 _ the heavy smog, the sports meeting was put off.答案：due onDue to第2段2You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became_addicted_to cigarettes.(教材P18)你知道，当我还是个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。be/become addicted to 对迷恋；上瘾My nephew is a complete video game addict. 我侄子绝对是个电子游戏迷。I was_addicted_to my radio, you could saywe had no TV then.可以说我是沉迷于自己的收音机，那时我们还没有电视。名师点津addicted不用于名词前作定语，通常构成短语become/be addicted to sth. 意为“对入迷”。【即景活用】单句语法填空We got so caught up in that fantasy that we became _ (addict) to the dream itself.But _ (addict) is not a brain state, it is a behavior.答案：addictedaddiction第3段3This means that after a while your body becomes_accustomed_to having nicotine in it.(教材P18)这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。become/be accustomed to习惯于It took a while for me to accustom_myself_to all the new rules and regulations. 我过了一段时间才适应所有的新规章制度。He is the person accustomed_to_having 5 hours sleep a night. 他是那种习惯每晚睡5个小时的人。【即景活用】单句语法填空Your mind will become more accustomed to _ (use) its creative powers. What can I do to accustom myself _ swimming?答案：usingto4I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.(教材P18)我之所以上瘾，是有着这所有三个方面的原因，因此，戒烟就很难。quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开He quit_his_job after an argument with a colleague. 他和一个同事争吵后就辞职了。Hes been given six months to live if he doesnt quit_drinking. 他如果不戒酒，就只能活六个月。名师点津quit用法小结(1)quit接名词或动名词作宾语。(2)quit的过去式、过去分词分别为quit, quit或quitted, quitted。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空I wish youd all quit _ (complain). 答案：complaining(2)单句写作她已决定退出娱乐圈。She has decided to _. 乔布斯十九岁离开斯坦福。Steve Jobs _ at 19. 答案：quit show businessleft/quit Standford第4段5When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.(教材P18)在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。effect n. 结果；效力This ingredient also has_the_effect_of making your skin look younger.这种成分还有使皮肤看上去更年轻的效果。In mental illness, there is a complex relationship between cause_and_effect.精神疾病有复杂的因果关系。The cheaper drugs are just as effective in treating arthritis.较便宜的药品对治疗关节炎同样有效。名师点津affect vt.表示“影响，(病)侵袭”，多指不利影响，相当于have an effect on。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空What you say or do will have an effect _ others.The medicine is _ (effect) for knocking colds.答案：oneffective(2)单句写作这些建议即将付诸实施。The recommendations will soon be _.治疗几乎没起什么作用。The treatment had _. 答案：brought into effectlittle or no effect6Neither_did_I_know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of nonsmokers.(教材P18)我也不知道我吸烟会影响不吸烟者的健康。neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语剖析句中“Neither did I know .”为倒装结构，表示“也不”。Tom didnt believe a word she said, and neither_did the police.汤姆根本不相信她说的话，警方也不相信。Hes been ill, and so_has his wife.他病了，他妻子也病了。Jenny is always standing by you anytime you are in trouble.So_she_is,_and so_are_you.不论何时你遇到麻烦，Jenny总是支持你。她的确如此，你也是。名师点津“so同一主语be动词/情态动词/助动词”意为“的确如此”，表示对前面的话加以确认或强调，此时不必倒装。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _ was I.答案：neither/nor(2)单句写作跟他谈不起任何作用，写信也一样。Talking to him had no effect at all. _.需求增加，价格也一样。When the demand rises, _.我需要一点时间放松。是呀，的确。I need some time to relax._.答案：Neither did writing to himso do pricesSo you do第5段7It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.(教材P18)这也许对你戒烟和下决心会有所帮助。strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi. 变强Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.我们的友谊逐年加深。She didnt even have_the_strength to stand up.她甚至连站起来的力气都没有了。名师点津“会动的”en动词strengthen是由名词strength加后缀en转化而来的。常见的由名词或形容词加后缀en转化而来的动词还有：brighten (使)发亮weaken (使)变弱harden (使)变硬 sharpen (使)变尖锐sweeten (使)变甜 darken (使)变暗soften (使)变软 widen (使)变宽【即景活用】单句语法填空Governments cannot ignore the _ (strong) of public opinion. We must _ (strong) our unity in the face of powerful enemies.答案：strengthstrengthen8I do_hope_so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(教材P18)我的确希望这样，因为我希望让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。“do/does/did动词原形”强调句式，“asadj.a/ann.as .”比较结构剖析(1)该句中，“I do hope so”为一种特殊形式的强调。(2)该句中“as long and healthy a life as I have”为比较结构，其句式为“asadj.a/ann.as .”意为“和一样”。Do be careful when you go through the forest.穿越森林时一定要小心。You do look nice in that hat.你戴那顶帽子确实不错。He is as cruel as a shark.He is as cruel a fellow as a shark.他是一个跟鲨鱼一样残忍的家伙。I failed as many times as you.我失败的次数跟你一样多。【即景活用】单句写作我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。I _ shes behaved badly. 帕克斯家拥有和你的一样华丽的房子。The Parks owned _ you.答案：do thinkas magnificent a house as第6段9Decide_on a day to quit.(教材P19)确定一个开始戒烟的日子。decide on 对作出决定Have you decided_on a date for the wedding?婚礼日期你选好了没有？Tinas decided_to_go to Rome for her holidays.蒂娜已决定去罗马度假。How should a donor decide_between two donation options?一个捐献者该如何在两个捐献选择中决定？名师点津表示“下定决心做某事”的英语表达：determine to do sth.be determined to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.【即景活用】单句语法填空His angry look made her decide _ (not ask) about it.Finally, we came to decide _ this building.She refused to discuss her _ (decide) to quit the group.答案：not to askondecision 10Every_time you feel_like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.(教材P19)每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。every time引导的时间状语从句剖析本句中every time这一名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每当”。Every_time I lost heart, Mr Lee always gave me enough strength to stick to my goal.每次我失去信心，李先生总是给我足够的力量去坚持我的目标。The_first_time I met him, I was absorbed deeply by his enthusiasm.我第一次见到他，就被他的热忱深深吸引住了。The_moment you see him come, just run as quickly as possible to him.你一看见他过来，就尽快地跑向他。Next_time we hold the party, lets remember to sing the song in the end.下次我们聚会的时候，别忘了在结束时唱这首歌。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空Ill remind him to call you _ moment he comes back.答案：the(2)单句写作每次来济南，他都去大明湖赏荷花。He will go to Daming Lake to admire the lotus flowers _ he comes to Jinan.任何时候我想起他的故事，内心都充满奋斗的激情。_ I think of his story, I am filled with the passion of struggle.答案：every/each timeAny timefeel like (doing) sth.想要(做)某事Sometimes I feel_like some stimulation. Like . “dont give up！” 有时候我想要点激励。比如“不要放弃！”Remind yourself of the harm, whenever you feel_like smoking. 每当你想要吸烟的时候就提醒自己它的危害。【即景活用2】单句语法填空I dont feel like _ (walk) with someone who cares nothing but himself. As we walked out, Mellon mentioned she would like me _ (write) a book.答案：walkingto write11Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.(教材P19)即使非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的Why are you so disappointed_about the matter?你为什么对这件事情如此失望？I was so disappointed_with the referee, he should get punished by FIFA.我对那个裁判太失望了，他应该受到国际足联的处罚。I was disappointed_that we played so well yet still lost.我们打得这么好可还是输了，我很沮丧。I dont yet have a good analysis for these disappointing outcomes. 对于这些令人失望的结果，我还没有一个好的分析。【即景活用】单句语法填空We have to avoid unrealistic expectations that we might feel _ (disappoint) at.Im sorry it may be _ (disappoint), but I cant agree with you there after all. How have you dealt with _ (disappoint) in your life?答案：disappointeddisappointingdisappointment12If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.(教材P19)如果你意志薄弱而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的Im ashamed_to_admit that Ive never read any of his books. 我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。I felt ashamed_of the things Id said to him. 我为对他所说的话感到羞愧。I wont say any shameful words to hurt you.我不会说任何可耻的话来伤害你。辨析：ashamed与shamefulashamed通常作表语，表示“(人)感到羞耻的或惭愧的”shameful可作定语或表语，指“(事情或行为本身)可耻的；不道德的”He was ashamed to cheat, because he realized that it was shameful to cheat in the exam.他为作弊而羞愧，因为他认识到考试作弊是可耻的。【即景活用】单句语法填空Everyone cries sometimesits nothing to be ashamed _.She felt _ that she had missed her sisters wedding. She always considered it as a _ matter.(shame)答案：ofashamed; shameful课后演练提能课后演练一.完形填空When I smoked with my family, I would feel so _1_ and good that nothing else in the world seemed so _2_. I thought that smoking weed (烟草) was okay since many of my family members and people at my school smoked. _3_ ever happened to them. _4_ I started smoking weed a lot more during lunch and after school. I never thought _5_ of it. At that time I just wanted to smoke. Then I began to _6_ in school. I would _7_ classes, come home late and spend all my money. I would spend _8_ 8 to 18 dollars a day. I never thought _9_ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things. Maybe my coming to class high (神志恍惚) was the reason why I was failing or coming home late. As I continued to smoke marijuana, I began to notice that I would always have the strong desire to smoke and that I would get _10_ cigarettes if I smoked those, but I dont. _11_ I have learned more about marijuana, I have _12_ the amount of marijuana that I use. I dont want marijuana to be the most important in my life. Im not smoking every day, and not spending as much money. Since I have _13_ on my habit, I am _14_ more money. Im ready to go back to school and do good, so that I can make myself _15_. Everyone is always saying how weed _16_ your mind and how it solves problems. I think it only brings more _17_. Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain. Im not trying to tell you not to smoke; Im just letting you know that marijuana can be _18_ to your health, and that _19_ it may cause some longterm negative effects. Stop smoking now, before it is too late. I dont want to lecture anyone, but just _20_ my experience with you.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己最初对烟草非常痴迷，后来决心戒烟的故事。作者将自己的亲身经历与大家分享，想让所有的人都认识到吸烟的不良影响。1A.worried BrelaxedCdisappointed Dstressed答案：B根据下文的“and good”可知，当时作者对吸烟的态度应该是肯定的，认为吸烟是好事，并能让他感到放松。2A.important BcommonCinteresting Dfunny答案：A从文章第12空后的“I dont want marijuana to be the most important in my life.” 可知，作者当初认为吸烟是生命中非常重要的事情。3A.Something BEverythingCNothing DAnything答案：C作者坚持吸烟的原因之一是他并没有看到周围的人因为吸烟而出事。4A.By the way BNow and thenCIn my opinion DFor a time答案：D根据下文的“At that time”可知，此处是指“一段时间”。by the way “顺便说一下”；now and then “不时；时而”；in my opinion “在我看来”；for a time “一段时间”。5A.too much Ba littleCtoo often Dany more答案：A作者起初对吸烟的态度是积极的，所以当他在午饭期间以及放学后吸烟量增大时也没有对此过多考虑。6A.get ahead Bfall behindCcome across Dmake up答案：B根据下文“I never thought _9_ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things.”可知，吸烟已经影响到了作者的学习和生活。get ahead “领先；成功”；fall behind “落后”；come across “偶遇”；make up “编造；化妆”。结合语境可确定答案为B项。7A.give BhaveCattend Dcut答案：D根据上文“Then I began to _6_ in school.”可知，作者学业开始下降。cut classes意为“旷课”，此处是吸烟对作者学习的影响。8A.at least Bat mostCno more than Das little as答案：A根据上文的“spend all my money”可知，作者花在吸烟上的钱并不少，每天至少要8至18美元。at least “至少”；at most “最多”；no more than “只有；仅仅”；as little as “和一样少”。9A.once BtwiceCagain Dfurther答案：B尽管吸烟对作者的学习和生活影响很大，但当时作者考虑得并不多。think twice about sth. “三思而行，慎重考虑后再决定”。10A.used to Bpaid forClost in Dready for答案：C根据下文“ . if I smoked those, but I dont”可知，当时作者已经意识到如果继续吸烟的话，就会沉溺其中。get used to “习惯于”；get paid for “因而被付给钱”；get lost in “沉迷于；热衷于”；get ready for “为做好准备”。11A.As if BEven ifCNow that DAs long as答案：C既然作者已经意识到了吸烟的危害，于是他开始控制吸烟的量。as if “好像”；even if “即使”；now that “既然”；as long as “只要”。12A.reduced BincreasedCdecided Dcontinued答案：A从下文“Im not smoking every day, and not spending as much money.”可知，作者在有意识地减少吸烟的量。reduce “降低；减少”。13A.broken down Bcut downCturned off Dcut off答案：B由于作者意识到了吸烟的危害，所以尽量少吸烟。break down “(机器等)出故障；(身体)垮掉；失败”；cut down “减少；削减”；turn off “关掉(电源等)”；cut off “切断”。cut down on短语亦为“减少”的含义。由此可知答案为B。14A.wasting BspendingCmaking Dsaving答案：D既然烟吸得少了，钱自然能节省一些。15A.less BmoreCbetter Dworse答案：C根据上文可知，作者做好了回到学校的准备，并想要好好表现，所以此处应为使自己变得更好。16A.excites BfillsCrepairs Ddestroys答案：A根据下文的“and how it solves problems”可知，有的人在鼓吹吸烟的好处。17A.problems BpleasureCconvenience Dexcitement答案：A结合上文作者对吸烟的危害的亲身体验以及下文的“Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain.”可知，作者现在意识到吸烟只会带来危害。18A.helpful BusefulCdangerous Dstrange答案：C作者意在警告人们注意吸烟所带来的危害。dangerous意为“危险的”，符合作者的意图。19A.in the beginning Bin the distanceCin the long run Din the past答案：C根据下文的“longterm negative effects”可知选C项。20A.tell BexplainCregret Dshare答案：D作者写这篇文章的目的是让大家知道他的经历。share sth. with sb. 意为“与某人分享某物”。.阅读理解A(2019郑州一中高三摸底测试)The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year. Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home. To help fight the_problem,_the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple coal cookstoves. WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease. The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work.Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHOs Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not improve the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors.Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cookstoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.WHO experts note some new, safe and lowcost technologies that could help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1. But, this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了室内空气污染的原因、影响及相应的应对措施。1What does “the problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AIndoor air pollution. BCooking habits.CPoor cookstoves. DUse of natural gas.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.”可推知，此处提到要应对的问题是“室内空气污染”，故选A。2Why are women and girls the main victims of the indoor air pollution?AThey are very weak in the developing countries.BThey are more sensitive to the indoor air pollution.CThey are exposed to the indoor air pollution more.DThey are lack of doing more exercise outdoors.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually