高一英语练习知识再现.doc

. 单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1. I take Tina, the dog，_ a walk every afternoon.答案：for“take.for a walk”带去散步，固定搭配。2. To catch up with his classmates, Tom is always the first student_ (arrive) at school.答案：to arrive“student”前有“the first”修饰，其后动词不定式作定语。3. The room is full_ smoke, so she opened the window to let some fresh air in.答案：of“be full of”充满，固定搭配。4. According to a recent US. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week_(watch) TV.答案：watching“spend.(in) doing sth.”花费做某事，固定搭配。5. If he doesnt tell me the reason, Ill wait here until he _(come)答案：comes“until”引导的时间状语从句中，主句用了将来时，此时从句中用一般现在时。6. His plan was such a good one_we all agreed to accept it.答案：that句意：他的计划如此好，以至于我们都同意了。“such.that.”如此以至于。7. Sarah, hurry up, Im afraid you wont have time to get _(change) before the party.答案：changed“get done”可表示被动。句意：Sarah, 快点，恐怕晚会前你没有时间换衣服了。8. _ the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again.答案：In“in the evening”傍晚时，固定搭配。9. After class, I can always see the blank space of his books_(fill) with notes.答案：filled“the blank space”和“fill”之间为被动关系，故空格处用过去分词作宾补。10. The inhabitants complained_the department_pollution from the factory.答案：to; about/of“complain to sb. about/of sth.”向某人抱怨某事，固定搭配。. 阅读理解NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Teenagers who spend hours in front of the television may have a poorer diet as young adults, a new study suggests.Its not clear, researchers say, whether television itself is the reason, but it is possible that things like snacking (吃零食) in front of the TV or seeing ads for junk food influence young peoples diets. The study, which included nearly 1,400 high school students, found that those who watched TV for five hours or more per day had lesshealthy diets than their peers five years later. As a group, they ate fewer fruits and vegetables, whole grains and calciumrich foods, but downed more fast food, sugary drinks, snack products and fried foods. “Were not able to tell why，” lead researcher Dr. Daheia J. BarrAnderson, of the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, told Reuters Health. “But we do have some speculations (推测). For one，” she said, “people who spend a lot of time in front of the TV, especially teenagers, may snack more, and that may affect their longterm diet quality.”Its also possible that TV ads for fast food, sweets and snacks tempt teenagers to eat more of those foods, according to BarrAnderson. TV time might also replace exercise time for some kids; however, BarrAnderson noted, many teens who exercise also watch a lot of television.The researchers found a clear correlation (关联) between TV time during high school and diet quality in young adulthood. While the heaviest TV viewers were eating the most junk food five years later, those whod watched fewer than two hours per day had the highest intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and highcalcium foods.According to BarrAnderson, the findings support experts recommendations that children should watch no more than two hours of television per day. “Parents should limit and monitor TV viewing，” BarrAnderson said. She added, though, that parents own habits matter, too. She recommended that parents set a good example by eating right, being physically active and controlling their own TV time.语篇导读：根据一项研究，青少年如果长期沉迷于电视，长大后往往会形成不健康的饮食习惯。1. What topic does this passage mainly deal with?A. The relationship between diet and health.B. The relationship between TV time and diet.C. More TV time leads to poorer health.D. Junk food leads to poorer health.答案：B主旨大意题。本文的核心话题是看电视时间长会导致不健康的饮食习惯。2. Those who spend more time watching TV may have a poorer diet because _.a. they dont take exercise at allb. they eat more snack while watching TVc. they are affected by junk food adsd. they dont know the benefits of fruits and vegetablesA. a and b B. b and cC. c and d D. a and c答案：B细节理解题。根据第四、五段，长时间看电视的人往往会形成不健康的饮食习惯有两方面的原因：其一，他们在看电视时吃零食；其二，他们受到电视播放的垃圾食品广告的影响。3. We can infer from the passage that Dr. Daheia J. BarrAnderson_.A. felt doubtful about the research resultB. felt surprised at the research resultC. felt quite certain about the reasons of the research resultD. felt uncertain about the reasons of the research result答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段Dr.Daheia JBarrAnderson的讲话“Were not able to tell why”和“But we do have some speculations”可以判断她对导致调查结果的原因还不太确定。4. According to BarrAnderson，_.A. children had better not watch TVB. children shouldnt eat snack productsC. parents should watch TV for less than two hours every dayD. parents need to exercise a good influence on children答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段BarrAnderson的讲话及建议，可以判断她认为父母亲应该给小孩施加积极正面的影响。. 单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1. 2013武汉高一检测The professor organized his thoughts before giving his lecture, _he could make himself understood well.答案：so that“so that”为了，以便。句意：教授在讲座之前组织了一个思想，以便能使自己很好地被学生理解。2. 2013三原高一检测Doctors say_good diet is of great benefit to our health.答案：a“diet”为可数名词，且此处为泛指，故用不定冠词“a”。3. 2013上饶高一检测In the old days, his father was not able to earn enough money _(support) his family.答案：to support“.enough.to do sth.”足够以至能做，固定搭配。句意：在过去，他父亲不能挣足够的钱来养家糊口。4. Our class meeting was well_(organize)答案：organized空格处用过去分词，与前面的“was”构成被动语态。5. Studies show that people are more likely to suffer_ back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.答案：from“suffer from”遭受，固定搭配。6. It is difficult to imagine his_ (accept) the decision without any consideration.答案：accepting“imagine”后接动词ing形式。句意：很难想像他没经过任何考虑，就接受了那个决定。7. _ Tuesday and Thursday nights, I have French classes.答案：On在具体某一天的晚上，用介词“on”。8. However difficult the task is, I prefer completing it by myself to _(ask) for help from someone else.答案：asking“prefer doing.to doing.”比起宁愿做，固定搭配。9. His parents hope brought great pressure_ him. That is to say, he was_ the pressure of his parents hope.答案：on; under“bring pressure on sb.”和“under the pressure of sb.”均为固定搭配。10. His parents_(design) him for the army, but he preferred the navy.答案：designed根据“he preferred”可知，空格处应用一般过去时。提升实战能力.阅读理解AWill It Matter If I Skip Breakfast?If you have to miss one meal a day (or if you want to do so), which meal will cause you fewest health problems if you dont eat it? If they have to make a decision of this type, most people (especially dieters or very busy people) will choose to skip breakfast.However, many experts in the field of health consider breakfast (the meal which “breaks” your “fast” which started the night before) to be most important meal of the day. If we eat a good breakfast, they say, we will have the energy and nutrients we need to begin our working day with vigor and hopefully with good humor. Nevertheless, many people skip breakfast or substitute (代替) a donut and a cup of coffee for a wellbalanced meal. What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?One recent study carried out in the United Sates tested a large number of people. Participants (people who take part in something) included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given a variety of breakfast, and sometimes, they had to skip breakfast completely. Special tests, including blood tests and endurance (忍耐力) tests, were set up to analyze how well the participants bodies functioned when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast.The results showed that if he or she eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more productively than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a persons work involves mental activity. The study showed that if school children eat fruit, eggs, bread, and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to concentrate on their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast diet is improper. The study also showed that, contrary to what many people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and end up gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you are on a diet, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals. 语篇导读：很多人因为工作繁忙或者减肥而不吃早餐，殊不知早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，它为我们一天的工作提供营养和能量。另外，用不吃早餐的方法来减肥，也是不明智的。1. In the word “breakfast” fast probably means _.A. “moving quickly”B. “going without food”C. “unlikely to go fast” D. “fast food”答案：B推理判断题。分析句子“the meal whichbreaks your fast which started the night before”。which引导的定语从句修饰“fast”，可知“fast”是从前一夜开始，再根据文章语境，早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，因此“fast”指从前一夜开始就没有进食的情况。2. Many experts in the field of health think_.A. that one must miss one meal a dayB. that most people should skip breakfastC. that to skip one meal a day is no good for ones healthD. that breakfast is most important in a working day答案：D细节理解题。由文章第二段内容可知，专家认为早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，它为我们的工作提供能量和营养。故D项正确。3. According to the passage those participants in the experiment_. A. were all adults B. were males of different ages C. were both teenagers and grownups D. were mostly young people under 20答案：C细节理解题。由第三段“Participants included both males and females who ranged in age from 12 to 83.”可知，参与者为年龄在12至83的男女老少，故C项正确。其他选项不符合题意。BFor the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed (消耗) by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted (轻松的) movie, but to_no_avail. It was only when I turned to meditation (沉思) for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping (单脚跳) along the path singing, “Im singing in the rain”， a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain (限制) our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre. If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.语篇导读：工作疲惫时，你是否可以让自己像孩子一般在大自然中肆意地放松。作者以自己的亲身经历，建议人们在工作之余，放开束缚，将自己尽情释放在大自然中。4. The author felt depressed because she_.A. couldnt consume her waking hourB. had not seen a film for a long timeC. had not finished her work on timeD. had worked on a hard job for too long答案：D细节理解题。由文章第一段内容可知，作者是由于在电脑前工作了很长一段时间而感觉很压抑和沮丧，故选项D正确。5. The author walked in a nature reserve in the rain in order to _.A. take photosB. find a solution to the projectC. hop along the pathD. cheer herself up答案：D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“when I turned to meditation(沉思)for a solution that the answer came to me：turn to nature！”可知作者到大自然是为了放松自己，消除压抑而沮丧的心情，从而使自己重新振作起来。6. The underlined part “to no avail” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_”A. unsuccessful B. unrelated (不相关的)C. uninteresting D. unexpected答案：A推理判断题。作者最后决定去大自然，可见当初使用的方法并没有解决作者的问题，故都是不成功的。7. In the authors opinion, _.A. a bath can make people relaxedB. depression is usually caused by hard workC. walking in a busy city centre harms peoples healthD. adults should express their inner feelings freely答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain(限制)our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.”可知，作者认为成年人过于控制内心的童真会导致精神低迷和压力过大。8. The last paragraph mainly serves as a(n)_A. explanationB. suggestionC. introduction D. reminder答案：B细节理解题。最后一段作者建议人们情绪低迷时或是在室内待得太久时，敞开心扉去放松一下自己，故B项正确。. 单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1. I prefer to go to work by bike and I hate taking a_(crowd) bus.答案：crowded“crowded”拥挤的，形容词修饰名词“bus”。2. Would you ever have imagined his_(become) a politician?答案：becoming“imagine”想像，后接v.ing形式。句意：你曾经想像到他会成为一名政治家吗？3. They got two free tickets to Canada, _theyd never have been able to afford to go.答案：otherwise/or句意：他们得到了两张去加拿大免费的票，否则他们不能支付得起票钱。空处用连词，意为：否则，故用otherwise或or。4. When you read a book, you should make a mark _you have any question.答案：where“where”引导地点状语从句，意为：的地方。句意：当你读书时，在你有问题的地方作上标记。5. I want to be liked and loved for _I am inside.答案：what“what”引导介词“for”后的宾语从句，在从句中作表语。句意：我想要别人因为我内在的样子而喜爱我。6. China is developing at such a _(surprise) rate that it takes on a new look every day.答案：surprising形容词修饰名词“rate”，“surprising”令人吃惊的。7. A worker should be fired if he smokes_ work.答案：at“at work”在工作，在工作的地方，固定搭配。8. The report_(forecast) that prices will rise by 3% next month.答案：forecasts主语“The report”是第三人称单数，根据“will rise”和“next month”可知空处用一般现在时。9. The _(distant) from the school to the station is two miles.答案：distance句意：从学校到车站的距离是两英里。名词形式作主语。10. He is fond of_(watch) cartoons.答案：watching“be fond of”后接动词ing形式。句意：他喜欢看漫画。提升实战能力.阅读理解Healthy eating begins with learning how to “eat smart”. Its not just what you eat, but how you eat. Paying attention to what you eat and choosing foods that are both nourishing and enjoyable helps support an overall healthy diet.Take time to chew (咀嚼) your food: Chew your food slowly, enjoying every bite. We often rush through our meals, forgetting to actually taste the true flavors (味道) of what is in our mouths, which does no good to the digestion.Avoid stress (压力) while eating: When we are stressed, our digestion can be affected, causing problems. Avoid eating while working, driving, arguing, or watching TV (especially disturbing programs or the news)Try taking some deep breaths before starting your meal, or light candles and play light music to create a relaxing atmosphere (氛围)Listen to your body: Ask yourself if you are really hungry, and stop eating when you feel full. It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly. Eating just enough to satisfy your hunger will help you remain relaxed and feeling your best.Eat early, eat often: Starting your day with a healthy breakfast can speed your metabolism (新陈代谢) and give you the energy that is needed for the whole morning. Also, eating small, healthy meals throughout the day, rather than the standard three large meals, can help keep your metabolism going and do good to your digestion.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何吃才是健康的。1. This passage is mainly about_.A. when to eatB. what to eatC. how to eat D. where to eat答案：C主旨大意题。根据文章开头，以及各段主题可知本文主要围绕how to eat展开叙述。2. According to the passage, its good_.A. not to hurry while eatingB. to eat more than you canC. to rush through your mealsD. to eat as little as possible答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Take time to chew your food: Chew your food slowly”可知，我们应该慢慢吃东西。3. Its suggested that we should stop eating _.A. till we really feel fullB. when our hunger is satisfiedC. when we just begin to eatD. when we have eaten a few minutes答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Listen to your body: Ask yourself if you are really hungry, and stop eating when you feel full.”可知正确答案为B项。4. We can know from the passage that we should_.A. eat more than three standard large mealsB. eat as often as possibleC. eat more than three small healthy mealsD. no more than three meals答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Also, eating small, healthy meals throughout the day, rather than the standard three large meals”可知， 吃饭应“少食多餐”。. 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters (升). Why? Because that is the amount of water they have been told all their life. _1_ Experts suggest people should obey their bodies: they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking instead of exactly eight glasses or two liters. The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, which provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public._2_ It says women should get about 2.7 liters of water every day and men should get about 3.7 liters. But waitin each case, that is more than eight glasses. There is one important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods._3_ People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water. Yet some also contain caffeine (咖啡因). This causes the body to lose more water. But the writers of the report say this does not mean the body loses too much water.As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to dri