人教版必修三Unit 2 Healthy eating language points课时作业（10）.docxVIP

unit 2 healthy eating language points课时作业第一节 单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.the_boy wondered why fish soon went_in hot weather. he went to ask his teacher.a. puzzled; badly b. puzzling; bad c. puzzling; badly d. puzzled; bad【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个困惑的男孩想知道为什么在炎热的天气里鱼很快就坏了。ed形容词主要说明人的感受，含有“感到.”的意思，本句在说小男孩感到困惑，所以用puzzled。went 在本句中为半系动词“转变成”后接形容词作表语。故d选项正确。2. a quarrel _ last sunday, and he _ his family.a. was broken out; broke awayb. broke out; broke awayc. was broke out; broke away fromd. broke out; broke away from【答案】d【解析】试题分析：考查及物动词与不及物动词。物动词后面可以直接跟宾语,不及物动词后面要加介词才能跟宾语。break away和break out均为不及物动词短语 break away脱离，放弃，逃跑； break out v. 爆发，突发。句意:上个星期天，他和家争吵后离家出走。故选d考点：考查及物动词与不及物动词。3.the judging committee (评委会)_three women and four men is popular with the public.a. is consisted of b. makes up c. consisting of d. which made up of【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：由三名妇女和四名男子组成的评审委员会受到公众的欢迎。the judging committee (评委会)与consist of （由.组成）逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词consisting of。故c选项正确。4.mrs white found her husband_by letters and papers and_very worried.a. surrounded , looking b. surrounded , lookedc. surrounding, looked d. surrounding, looking【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查分词。句意：怀特太太发现她的丈夫周围都是信件和文件，看上去很担心。分析句子可知，her husband与surround逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词surrounded。与 look逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词looking。故a选项正确。5.the teachers are discussing the plan_they would like to see_next year.a. what, carry out b. that, to carry out c. what, carrying out d. that, carried out【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查关系代词和过去分词。句意：老师们正在讨论他们想明年实施的计划。分析句子可知，the plan为先行词，在定语从句中做see的宾语，所以关系代词用that。the plan与carry out逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词 carried out。故d选项正确。6.a statue of dr bethune was set up in honor of the contributions he had made_.a. to save so many lives in the war b. for having save so many lives in the warc. to saving so many lives in the war d. for saving so many lives in the war【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：为纪念白求恩博士在战争中为拯救这么多人的生命所作的贡献，树立了一座白求恩博士的雕像。分析句子可知，contributions为先行词，在定语从句中做make的宾语，所以关系代词that/which或者省略关系代词。make contributions to doing sth 为做某事做出贡献。故c选项正确7.the little boy came back to life_he took the medicine_by doctor snow.a. at once，given b. immediately，given c. right away，giving d. shortly，giving【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查连词和过去分词。句意：小男孩一吃了斯诺医生给他的药就活过来了。 immediately“一.就.”为连词。the medicine与give逻辑上是被动关系，故用give过去分词given。故b选项正确。8.a special team was sent to shandong province to look into the cause of the train accident, and the investigation suggested that high speed_.a. was to be blamed b. was to blamec. should be to blamed d. should be to blame【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查主动形式表达被动意义。句意：一个特别小组被派往山东省调查火车事故的原因，调查表明应该归咎于高速行驶。suggest意思“表明”，所以宾语从句用正常语气而不用虚拟语气。be to blame“应该受到责备”，主动形式表达被动意义。故b选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表达被动意义：1.某些感官动词，如look, feel, sound, taste, smell等，常用主动形式表达被动意义2.be worth后常加动词的主动形式表达被动意义3.need, want, require, wont bear, deserve 等动词后用v-ing 主动形式表达被动意义。句中主语是 实质上的宾语。用作v-ing 形式的动词若是不及物动词，其后应加相应的介词4.be 动词之后to let（出租），to blame（责备）只用主动形式表达被动意义。本题符合第四点，故b选项正确。主动表达形式表达被动意义，是同学们需要重点掌握的。9.from his_face, we could tell how_the movie was.a. terrifying, thrilling b. terrifying, thrilled c. terrified, thrilling d. terrified, thrilled【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：从他那可怕的表情，我们可以看出这部电影有多么令人毛骨悚然。a terrified face害怕的表情指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕。 thrilling表示这部电影令人害怕。故c选项正确。【点睛】以后缀 ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried，terrified，等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying，thrilling等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。本句中terrified虽然修饰了face，但指的是带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕。thrilling主要说明电影的性质或特征。所以要结合语境来判断是以后缀 ed结尾的形容词还是以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词。10.with lots of new words_, he decides to read them every morning. his teacher said,“only if_doing it_make it .”a. to recite; you keep on ; can you b. to recite; do you keep on , can youc. recited; do you keep on; you can d. recited ; you keep on; you can【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式和倒装句。句意：因为有许多新单词要背，他决定每天早上读单词。他的老师说：“只要你能坚持下去，你就能成功。动词不定式表示动作还未发生。only if后面跟条件状语从句，用陈述语气，后面用部分倒装句，be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。故a选项正确。第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分5分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。heres a surprising fact: of the 1.1 million firefighters in the united states, about 780,000 are volunteers. roughly a third of the population is _1_ by mostly- or all-volunteer fire departments.also _2_ , perhaps. sometimes they have to pay for their own gear.i _3_ this because i volunteer as a firefighter in durango, colorado. i responded to more than 50 calls in 2014, everything from _4_ to car accidents. in that period, i spent close to $1,000 on optional gear not supplied by my _5_ , things like higher-quality flashlights, knives, and better gloves, which make my _6_ easier.yesterday, a _7_ was introduced in congress that would give a significant tax break to those who volunteer their time as _8_ responders. i hope it passes, not because it will put some money in my pocket （ 9 ）, hey, thatll be nice) but because it will ease the financial burden on volunteers and acknowledge their time commitment. i believe it will _10_ more people to help.and we _11_ that.in _12_ areas where population density is low and calls for fire and ems services are relatively rare, it just doesnt _13_ to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7 (全天候). _14_ , volunteers are used to fill in the _15_. we are ready to put our regular lives aside to help someone on what is the _16_ day of their life. we have likely never met before, and might never again, but it doesnt _17_ in a crisis. without volunteers, the whole system would collapse.theres a t-shirt thats popular among us, reading “for pride, not _18_.” we volunteer because we know our _19_ need us. we dont need a small tax break. without one, well still put on our gear when the alarm goes off without any _20_ . but wed appreciate one, and if it encourages more people to join us, its worth it.1. a. taught b. inspired c. supported d. protected2. a. surprising b. amusing c. pleasing d. worrying3. a. appreciate b. know c. prove d. analyze4. a. wildfires b. wars c. lightning d. embarrassments5. a. company b. department c. team d. family6. a. manner b. life c. project d. job7. a. guest b. politician c. bill d. word8. a. wise b. proud c. same d. first9. a. so b. when c. though d. because10. a. encourage b. persuade c. invite d. allow11. a. neglect b. need c. predict d. admit12. a. dark b. rural c. dirty d. cold13. a. end up b. stand out c. work out d. make sense14. a. recently b. quickly c. instead d. besides15. a. time b. hole c. form d. gap16. a. busiest b. hottest c. worst d. shortest17. a. matter b. pass c. exist d. happen18. a. satisfaction b. pay c. strength d. education19. a. communities b. neighbors c. children d. patients20. a. disappointment b. trouble c. hesitation d. anxiety【答案】1. d 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. b 6. d 7. c 8. d 9. c 10. a 11. b 12. b 13. d 14. c 15. d 16. c 17. a 18. b 19. a 20. c【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了美国的消防员中有780,000志愿者，他们保护着美国三分之人口的生命财产安全。志愿消防员希望国会能通过对志愿消防员减税的法案。即使法案通不过，志愿消防员也仍然会做好自己的本职工作。【1题详解】考查动词辨析。a. taught教； b. inspired鼓舞； c. supported支持； d. protected保护。句意：大约有三分之一的人口受到大部分或全部由志愿人员组成的消防部门的保护。故d选项切题。【2题详解】考查形容词辨析。a. surprising令人惊讶的； b. amusing有趣的 ； c. pleasing 令人愉快的； d. worrying令人担忧的。句意：令人惊讶的是，有些时候他们还需要自己买装备。surprising用来说明在采购设备时的资金来源问题，以此引起社会的关注。故a选项切题。【3题详解】考查动词辨析。 a. appreciate欣赏 ； b. know知道，了解 ； c. prove证明是 ； d. analyze分析。句意：我知道这一点，因为我在科罗拉多州的杜兰戈是一名志愿消防员。作者本身就是一名消防员，所以对这件事情很了解。故b选项切题。【4题详解】考查名词辨析。wildfires野火 ； b. wars战争 ； c. lightning闪电 ； d. embarrassments尴尬。句意：我在2014年回应了超过50个电话，从野火到车祸的每件事情。作者是消防员，处理的事情都是与火有关的事情，故a选项切题。【5题详解】考查名词辨析。 a. company公司 ； b. department 部门 ； c. team团队； d. family家庭。句意：我花了将近1000美元买我的部门没有提供的可选装备。由上文的mostly- or all-volunteer fire departments可知，b选项切题。【6题详解】考查名词辨析。a. manner方式 ； b. life生活 ； c. project工程； d. job工作。作者买的高质量的手电筒，刀子和更好的手套，使得自己的工作变得容易。故d选项切题。【7题详解】考查名词辨析。a. guest客人；b. politician政治家；c. bill议案，账单；d. word单词 。句意：昨天，国会提出了一项法案。由下文的 in congress 可以判断出一项议案被提出。故c选项切题。【8题详解】考查形容词辨析。a. wise明智的；b. proud自豪的；c. same相同的；d. first第一。句意：昨天，国会提出了一项法案，该法案将为那些自愿成为现场急救员的人给予大幅度的税收减免。这里的first responders指的是现场急救员。故d选项切题。【9题详解】考查连词辨析。a. so 所以；b. when当-时候；c. though然而，尽管；d. because因为。句意：然而，减税那将是不错的。故选c选项切题。【10题详解】考查动词辨析。 a. encourage鼓励；b. persuade说服；c. invite邀请；d. allow允许。句意：这将鼓励更多的人帮助其他人。上文已经提到减税会减轻志愿消防员的负担，所以会鼓舞更多的人来从事这个行业。故a选项切题。【11题详解】考查动词辨析。a. neglect忽略；b. need需要；c. predict预测；d. admit承认。句意：我们需要那个。由because it will ease the financial burden on volunteers and acknowledge their time commitment因为这将减轻志愿者的经济负担并承认他们的时间付出。可知，b选项切题。【12题详解】考查形容词辨析。a. dark黑暗的；b. rural农村的；c. dirty脏的；d. cold冷的。句意：在农村地区，人口密度低需要消防服务相对来说稀少。由下文的population density is low 可以判断出是在农村地区。故b选项切题。【13题详解】考查动词短语辨析。a. end up以.结束；b. stand out突出，杰出；c. work out制定出，工作出；d. make sense有意义。句意：这对全天候的职业消防队员来说毫无意义。由小题12小题可知。故d选型切题。【14题详解】考查副词辨析。a. recently最近；b. quickly迅速地；c. instead相反，代替；d. besides另外。句意：相反，自愿者来填补这个空白。故c选项切题。【15题详解】考查名词辨析。a. time时间；b. hole洞，孔；c. form 表格；d. gap间隙。句意：相反，自愿者来填补这个空白