寒假补习讲义八年级上考点归纳.doc

八年级上册考点归纳1、How的特殊疑问句How _ _，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?How old _ _，询问年龄， How old is Jims little brother?How many/much_ _，询问数量 How many birds are there in the tree?How far _ _，询问距离， How far is it form your home to school?How long _ _，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?How often _ _，询问频率 How often do you go there？How soon _ _，询问时间 How soon will you come back?2、频度副词的位置（1）常见的频度副词有以下这些：_ （总是，一直）_ （通常）_ （常常，经常）_ （有时候） _（从不）（2）频度副词的位置：a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词_ 面。 如： David is often arrives late for school.b.放在行为动词_ 面。 如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.c.有些频度副词可放在句_ 或_ 尾。 如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.高分突破：（3）never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要_ 装。如： Never will I go there.（4）hard与hardly1.hard_ ，_ Its hard for him to finish the work.The boy studies very hard2.hardly_ I can hardly see it.（5） sometime,sometimes,some time与some timessometimes_ _（=at times） some times_ _sometime_ _ some time_ _ _ I get up very late on Sunday morning.He met the woman _ _ last month.Well go to Beijing _ _ next month.It took him _ _ to finish the book.3、want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事 His father wants him_(become )an actor.4、try 的用法1).try _to do sth 尽力干某事 He tries _(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .2).try _ _do sth 尽力不干某事 We try_(not let) my teacher down.高分突破：3).try ones_ _do sth 尽某人最大努力 We should try our best _ (study) all subjects.4)词组: try on _ _ have a try _ _5、although 的用法although /though “即使，虽然”，不能与_ _ 连用。6、finish _ _ sth 结束干某事I will finish_ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .7、cant wait to do sth _ _ I cant wait _(open)the TV when I get home .8、decide 的用法1).decide do sth 决定干某事2).decide do sth 决定不干某事3).decide on sth 决定干某事高分突破：4). decide的名词形式为_ _，结构：make a _ _，意为“做决定”。 make a decision to do sth = decide to do sth 9、plan to do sth 计划干某事She is planning _(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month .10、think about _ sth 考虑干某事He thought about _(go ) to Beijing on vacation . 11、go + v-ing 的用法 go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding12、句型: Its + adj +for /of sb to do sth 1).Its +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 2).Its +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth It is very friendly of you to help me .=_ _ friendly to help me . Its very hard for you to work out the math problem .= =_ _ out the math problem is very hard for you .高分突破：3) Its for sb.和 Its of sb.1.for sb.表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：2.of sb表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。Its very hard _him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。Its very nice _you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。3.for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：Its very nice _you to help me.You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。Its very hard _him to study two languages.He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)13、有关花费时间的句型高分突破：1).It +takes +sb.+时间+_do sth 2).sb. +spend +时间+_sth (in _sth ).It took me half an hour to work it out .=I_ half an hour _ it out .14、表示两地相距有多远A +be +距离 +from +B = Its +距离+from A+ to B.It is five minutes walk from my home to school. = It _ me five minutes to _to school .15、leave ,leave for , leave for 1).leave +地点 “离开某地”高分突破：2).leave for +地点 _ _3).leave +某地+for +某地 _ _ Mr wang are going to Beijing tomorrow .=Mr wang are _ _ Beijing tomorrow.16、1)对交通方式提问How do/does sb. get/go to .?应答方式有： Sb. take(s) the bus/subway/train/boat/taxi/plane to .Sb. ride(s) the bike/bicycle/motorbike to .Sb. walk(s)/take walks to . Sb. drive(s) the car to .Sb. get(s)/go(es) to .by bus/train/bike/plane/boat/taxi/subway/car.17、the number of / a number of 高分突破：1).a （large /small）number of 许多 = a lot of /many , 作主语时，谓语用_ 数。2).the number of .的数量, 作主语时，谓语用_ 数。 A large number of tourists _ (come )to . The number of the students in our class _ (be ) 60.18、sick / ill 1).系动词+ill。 2). 系动词+sick sick +名词。 She was _ because of hard work . The _ boy coughed terribly .19、表示客气地请求某人干某事 1). Would you like _ do sth ? 2).Could you please _sth ? 3).Will /Would you please _sth ? 4).Can you _sth ? 20、be busy 1). be busy _ sth .忙于某事 2).be busy _ sth 忙于干某事高分突破：3).be busy 的反义词组 be free / have time I am busy tomorrow .= I _ _ = I _ _ time .21、whole / all 高分突破：1).限定词 + _， _ +限定词。限定词：冠词，物主代词或数词等。2). _+可数名词，_+可数名词/不可数名词。 He stayed at home all the afternoon =He stayed at home _ _ afternoon.22、however / but however “然而，可是”用于句首或句中，须用逗号隔开。而but 不用逗号隔开。 He is very busy ,_, he always helps me . A. and B. / C. but D. however 23、same与different1.结构：the same _ _ _2.结构：be different _ 3.different的名词形式为_ , 名词复数形式为_ 。24、most of / most 1).most of the +复数名词 _ 2).most +复数名词 _ _ the students are clever . _students are clever.25、beat / win /lose高分突破：1).beat:打败 后面接打败的_ beat sb 2).win:赢 后面接_ （race , game , match , prize .）3).lose:输 lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物Their team beat ours = Their team _ the match . = Our team _ _ theirs.26、do you think 作为插入语1).位置：放在疑问词之后高分突破：2).语序：后面的句子用_语序。 Do you think ? Who is the man over there ?=_ do you think the man _ over there ?27、常见的不可数名词 weather work food news advice information fun music paper _ weather ! we are going to the park .A. What a good B.What good C. How a good D. How good 28、afford 1).afford 常与情态动词can , cant , could , couldnt 连用2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。3).同义句：cant afford to do sth = sb dont /doesnt have enough money to do sth . The book is very expensive ,I cant afford to buy it .= I dont have _ _ to buy it .29、listen to /hear /sound 1).listen to 仔细倾听 强调听的过程2).hear 听到、听见 强调听的结果3).sound . 系动词 “听起来.” 后面接形容词 而sound like +名词 I _ her but could _ nothing . It _ interesting .30、句型：not as .as 1).not as as 之间要用原级高分突破：2).同义句：A + not as/soas +B= A + 形容词的反义词的比较级 + than + B= B + 形容词的比较级 + than +ATom is not as tall as I =Tom is _ _ I.=I am _ _ Tom .This book is not as expensive as that one =This book is _ _ than that one .=That book is _ _ than this book .31、使用-ing分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如：They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball.高分突破：3.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.4.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.5.在以下结构中：enjoy doing sth_ finish doing sth_ feel like doing sth_ stop doing sth _ forget doing sth _ remember doing sth_ like doing sth _ find sb doing sth _ see/hear/watch sb doing sth _ need doing sth_ mind doing sth_ practice doing sth_ be busy doing sth_ cant help doing sth_ 33、双写最后一个字母的-ing分词高分突破：1.letletting_ hithitting_ cutcutting_ sitsitting_ forgetforgetting_ putputting_ setsetting_ babysitbabysitting_ getgetting_ 2.shopshopping_ triptripping绊stopstopping_ dropdropping放弃3.traveltravel(l)ing_ swimswimming_ runrunning_ digdigging挖、掘 beginbeginning_ preferpreferring 宁愿 planplanning_ 34、finally finally = at last = in the end Finally he came up with an idea .=_ _ he came up with an idea .=_ _ _ he came up with an idea.35、turn on / open 的区别1.turn on ：指打开水流，煤气，电灯，电视，收音机等电器的开关。2.open：指关着的门，窗，箱子打开。Please _ the door.The boy _ the computer to play games last night .36、tooto的同义句：高分突破：（1）Too+_to+_ _ （2）not_+enough to+_ _ （3）so+_that+_ _ He is so young that he cant go to school .=He isnt _ _ to go school .=He is _ young _ go to school .The box is too heavy for us to carry .=The box isnt _ _ to carry=The box is _ heavy _ we _ carry it .37、see sb do sth 、see sb doing sth的区别高分突破：1.see sb do sth :看见某人_ 某事2.see sb doing sth .看见某人_ 某事The teacher saw the students _(read) English when he came in .Look！Can you see the girl _(dance) under the tree ?注：类似的动词有：hear ,watch ,notice 等。38、.at the age of 的同义句at the age of = when sb was/ were .He began to learn English when he was four.=He began to learn English _ _ _ _ four.39、take part in / join 的区别1.take part in 表示参加_ 。2.join表示加入_ 而成为其中一员。注：join sb in . 表示“参与某人的活动之中”He _ the Party in 1987.Can you come and _us in the game ?Twenty students from our class _the sports meeting last week.40、句型：Sb +be the first /last one (person) +to do sth _ _ Women and children are the first _（take）to safety .41、because / because of 的区别高分突破：1.because 后面接从句（除what 从句之外）。2.because of 后面接名词、代词、名词性短语、what从句。He didnt go to the party because he was ill.He didnt go to the party _ _ his _.She was very angry _what you said .A. because B. because of C./ D. with 42、keep的用法1.keep +adj 表示保持 Keep _ , The baby is sleeping .2.keep +sb/sth +adj 表示使某人保持 We must keep our classroom _ .高分突破：3.keep doing sth . 表示 做某事。It kept _(rain) all night .4. keep +sb +doing sth 表示让某人 某事。He kept us _ (wait )for an hour .5.keep +sb from +doing sth 表示 某人干某事。= stop sb (from )doing sth = prevend sb (from )doing sth .Because of the heavy rain , we could go to school.= The heavy rain _ us from _to school.43、visit 的用法1.词性转换：visit -visitor There are many _(visit )in the park on Mays Day .2.词组1).be on a visit to +某地 = visit +某地 2).ones first visit to +某地 表示某人第一次参观某地He is visiting China .= He is _ _ _ to China.This is my first visit to Beijing .注：travel to +某地 Have you traveled to Shanghai ?44、borrow/ lend /keep 的区别高分突破：1.borrow :对主语而言，表示“借_” borrow sb sth = borrow sth _ sb 2.lend: 对主语而言，表示“借_” lend sb sth = lend sth _ sb 3.keep: 借_时间 keep +sth +_ +一段时间borrow / lend 的延续性动词是：keep May I _ them _ you ?= Could you _ them _ me ?How long can I _ the book ?A.lend B.borrow C.keep 45、ask的用法1.ask sb _ sth :向某人要某物 I often ask my teacher _ help .2.ask sb _ sth . 向某人询问某事。 May I ask you _ the accident ?3.ask sb sth . 问某人某物 May I ask you some questions ?4.ask sb _ do sth .叫某人（不）干某事 My father often asks me _(not play) computer games.46、price的用法1.price的修饰词为_/ _ 注：价格有高低，物品有贵贱，花费有多少。The trousers are expensive .= The price of the trousers _ _ .= The trousers _me _.2.询问价格的句型： Whats the price of .?How much is /are .? How much does it cost ?46、enough的用法Enough + _ 。 _ + enough。I have enough money /money enough to buy the book.= I _ _ to buy the book.He is so tall that he can reach the apple . = He is _ _ to reach the apple .高分突破：too+ _ + to+ _ _ + enough to+ _ So+ _ + that+ _ 47、英语中的惯用法在英语中，时间、距离、钱作主语时，谓语动词用_ 数。Three years _(be)not a long time .Three hundred yuan a night _(be) expen- -sive.48、invite的用法1.词性转换：invite- 名词_ Thanks for your _(invite )2.invite sb to. 邀请某人参加.3.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人干某事 Can I invite you _(play )basketball with me?49、feed的用法1.feed +sb /sth . 喂某人/某东西 Can you feed my cat while I am away ?2.feed sth to sb/ sth 把某东西喂给某人或某物 I feed a bottle of milk to the baby every day.高分突破：3.feed _ 以为主食。 People feed _ rice .4.be fed up with 厌倦. . I am fed up with the life of the city .50、send 的用法1.send sb sth = send sth _ sb 把某物送给某人He sent me a postcard yesterday. =He sent a postcard _ _ yesterday.高分突破：1).send for sb 派人去请某人来 = ask sb to come His mother was badly ill .please send for a doctor .=His mother was badly ill .please _ a doctor _ _ .51、save的用法1.储存、储蓄 We are saving money for a car.2.挽救、援救 The doctor saved the patients life.3.节约、节省 They saved much time in their work .52、cloth / clothes / clothing 的区别1.cloth 作不可数名词，指布料、织物。作可数名词，指一块布，尤指一块抹布。2.clothes 只有复数形式，泛指穿着的衣服。3.clothing 为集合名词，指服装。比clothes 意思更广泛，包括鞋子、帽子等。I need an old _ to wash the car .The woman wears fashionable _.Chinas _ industry(工业)is famous around the world.53、with的几个用法1.with表“和、同、与”。 Can you go to the park me?2.with表“用、以、被”。 Dont write the