整理-八年级下册语言知识点.doc

UNIT5 Feeling HappyTopic1 Why all the smiling faces?一词汇：（一）反义词happy-unhappy开心的/不开心的 lucky-unlucky 幸运的/不幸的 poor-rich 贫穷的/富裕的kind-cruel善良的/残忍的 popular-unpopular 受欢迎的/不受欢迎smart-stupid/ silly 聪明的/愚蠢的 interesting-boring 有趣的/乏味的（二）表示情感的形容词excited感到兴奋的 surprised 吃惊的 happy 快乐的 unhappy/ sad 伤心的angry / mad 生气的worried 焦急的 afraid/ frightened 害怕的disappointed 失望的proud 自豪的 lonely 孤单的nervous 紧张不安的 interesting有趣的（三） 重点词组 1. invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事2. go to the movies=see the film 看电影3. oneof.+n.复数 .其中之一4. whats the matter?=whats wrong?5. say thanks to 向某人道谢6. have a temperature=have a fever发烧7. everything goes well 一切顺利8. spend the evening过夜9. tell a short story 讲一个小故事10. a ticket to/for的票，入场券11. wish to do sth.希望做某事12. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠13. feel proud/ lonely 感到自豪/孤单14. set a table for为摆餐具15. have a temperature = have a fever发烧16. be able to do sth. 有能力做某事17. ring sb. up给打电话18. care for= look after/ take care of 照顾19. because of 因为，由于20. cheer up 使振奋/高兴起来21. play the role of sb.扮演某人的角色22. be on 上演; 放映23. at first首先24. fall into 落入25. be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事26. in/at the end = at last最后27. go mad发疯28. come into being形成29. be full of充满30. be popular with受喜爱31. make peace 制造和平32. end/begin with以结尾/开始二. 重点句型及重点语言点1. (P1)How are you doing?你最近好吗？=How are you？How + adj./ adv. + 主语 + 谓语! How fast the boy runs! What + a/an + adj. + n. (可数名词的单数) + 主语 + 谓语! What a shame! 真可惜! What a big apple (it is)!2. (P3)Because he couldnt get a ticket to The Sound of Music. 因为他没有买到音乐之声的票. a ticket to/for .的票3. (P3)I hope he can see the movie next time. 我认为李老师非常喜欢它而且的确想去看. wish/ hope to do sth.希望做某事 与 wish 相关的结构还有: wish/ hope + that引导的从句; 如: I wish/ hope (that) we will win.注：我们可以说wish sb. to do sth. 而不能说hope sb. to do sth.; 4. (P4)Michael isnt able to come. 麦克不能来了。can与be able to 二者都表“能；会”，在指“一般能力”时，常互换。如：区别: can 只有现在式和过去式(could),没有数的变化;而be able to 有时态及数的变化. 5. (P4)Ill ring up Michael later. 稍后我打电话给迈克. ring up sb. = call/ ring/ phone sb. = give sb. a ring/ call/ telephone = make a telephone to sb. 当宾语为代词时, 只能放中间.如: ring me/him/her up6. (P4)Im sure Mr. Lee will be surprised and happy! 我确信李老师会很惊奇也很高兴! be surprised “感到惊奇的”, 主语一般为人. be surprising “令人惊奇的”, 主语一般为物. 类似的有：interested/ interesting; excited/ exciting; bored/ boring 7. (P5)The father was lonely and often became angry because of the noisy children. 孤独的父亲经常由于吵吵闹闹的的孩子们而发怒了。 lonely: 带有浓厚的感情色彩，孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的。 alone： 单独的，独自的，=by oneself= without other。指一个人或事物与其它的人或物分开，不含感情色彩。eg. The old man lives in the country alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.这个老人家独自居住在乡村，但是他不觉得孤单。 because of “由于”，是介词短语，后常跟名词或短语。如：eg. He didnt come to school because of his illness./ because he was ill. 由于他的病，他没来上学。 because 用来回答why提问的疑问句，表原因，语气强烈。8. (P5)The father was almost mad at first, but the smiling faces of his children pleased him and made him happy again.这个父亲一开始几乎要疯了，但是孩子们的笑脸感染了他，使他又开心起来了。at first: 开始，首先。=in the beginning 反义词: in the end, at last, finally.9. (P5)What did Maria go to the Von Trapp family for? = Why did Maria go to the Von Trapp? Whatfor=why 玛丽亚为了什么目的去冯特拉普家庭？10. (P6) and the mother was so worried that she looked for him everywhere, 这位母亲是如此焦急，以致于他四处寻找他。so + adj/ adv. + that + 句子 “如此以致于” such + a/an +adj. +n. +that “如此以致于”11. (P7) Beijing Opera used to be popular with old people. 京剧过去常受到老年人的欢迎。 Used to do sth: 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做三. 重点语法 1系表结构：Linking verb. + adj. 联系动词用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的性质，状态，或身份。 常见的连系动词如下:表示状态的系动词：be(am. is, are)是，seem似乎，keep保持，stay保持，维持。表示状态变化的系动词: get变得, turn转变，go变，fall(fell)变成，become(became)变成，grow渐渐变得。表示感官的系动词：look看起来; sound听起来; feel感觉，摸起来smell闻起来taste尝起来2because 引导的原因状语从句: because 用来回答why提问的问句,表示的原因语气很强,一般用在主句后面,强调因果关系.She feels very lonely because she has no friends to talk with. Topic2 I feel better now一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.badly(反义词)well 2.shy(最高级)shyest 3.understand(过去式)understood 4.anxious(同义词)worried 5.surprise(形容词)surprised 6.suggestion(动词)suggest 7.stranger(形容词)strange 8.advice(同义词)suggestion 9.either(反义词)too 10.sad(名词)sadness 11.unfair(反义词)fair（二）重点词组: at ones age 在某人的年龄at the age of在岁时 in ones twenties/thiries 在某人二十几岁/三十几岁 happen to do sth碰巧干某事 happen to sb. 发生whats more而且，此外，更有甚者 6.even tough/if 即使7.notany longer=no longer不再 8.cheer sb up 让 某人振作 9.take it easy 别紧张 10.get angry 变的生气 11. feel upset 感到苦恼,难过12. talk with sb 于某人交谈 13. take pat in 参加 14. deal with 处理，解决，15. in public 当众 16. calm down 平静 17. fall asleep 入睡 18.do badly in =be bad at 在某方面表现很差 19.with the help of=with ones help在某人的帮助下20.over and over again反复地; 一再 21.wait in line排队等候 22.fall behind 落后 23.get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 24.give a hand 帮助 25. learnfrom.从学. 26.get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 27.be/make friends with与交朋友 28. join in参加(活动) 29.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 30.have a norma llife 过正常的生活 31. how/what/where to do sth 32. seem to do sth 似乎/好像做某事 33. seem+adj 看来 34. be strict with sb 对某人要求严35.be strict about/in sth 对某事要求严格 36. fail to do sth 失败，未能（做到）37. refuse to do sth 拒绝(做)某事38. refuse sb/sth拒绝某人/某事39. .thank you for doing sth 感谢做某事40. why dont you=why not+V原为什么不 (三) 系表结构- “be + 形容词+ 介词” 的结构:be worried about对感到担心/ 焦虑be anxious about 对感到焦虑be glad about 对高兴be nervous about 对紧张be strict with sb. 对某人严格be strict in / about sth. 对某事严格be patient with 对耐心be pleased / satisfied with 对满意be bored with 对烦闷be popular with 受欢迎be angry with/at sb. 对某人生气be angry at/ about sth. 对某事生气be surprised at 对惊奇be mad at 对气愤be excited at 对兴奋be interested in 对有兴趣be tired of 对疲倦be afraid of 对害怕二、语言点：1. (P9)Anything wrong? = Is there anything wrong? 有什么麻烦吗?形容词修饰不定代词要后置. 如:something bad 不好的事情 2. (P9)What seems to be the problem? 似乎有什么问题?seem to do sth. “似乎做某事” 常与 “It seems that + 句子” 转换, 如:He seems to know her name. = It seems that he knows her name. 似乎他知道她的名字.seem + adj “似乎(怎样)”, 构成系表结构. 如:You seem sad. = You seem (to be) sad.= It seems that you are sad.你似乎很伤心.3. (P9)because she did badly in the English exam. 因为她的英语考得很糟糕。 do badly in=be bad at在做得不好 反义词：do well in=be good at在做得好，擅长于 4.It usually takes me a long time to become happy again. 通常要花我很长时间才能重新快乐起来.句型 “It takes sb. some time to do sth.” 花了某人某时做某事. 如:It took me three days to finish this work. 花了我三天时间完成这项工作.5. (P12) when something bad happens to us. 当不好的事情发生在我们身上时.“sth. happens to sb.”, 指“某事发生在某人身上”. 是一种惯用句型. happen to do sth. 指 “碰巧做某事”, 6. (P13)How time flies! “光阴似箭!” 是 How quickly the time flies! 简略句.7. (P13)I was not used to everything here. 我不得不去适应一切新的事物.get / be used to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事”. 其中to是介词. used to do sth. 指 “过去常做某事”be used to do sth. 被用来做Topic 3 Many yhings can affect our feelings.一、重点词汇:( 一 ) 词形转换:1.tense(同义词)nervous 2.true(副词)truly 3. husband(对应词)wife 4. choice(动词)choose 5. relax(形容词)relaxed 6.thought(动词)think 7. decision(动词)decide 8.safe(名词)safety( 二 ) 重点词组:1. have a bad cold 患重感冒 2. get injections 打针;注射3. follow the doctors advice遵从医嘱4. learn by oneself 自学5. take it easy 别急;慢慢来6. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事7. be happy for sb.为某人高兴8. in a good/bad mood 处于好/坏的情绪9. stay/keep angry保持生气(的状态)10. smile at life 笑对生活11. plan a surprise计划一个惊喜12. put on a short play 表演短剧13. prepare for为作准备14. get along with与相处15. at midnight 在半夜16. on the way home 在回家的路上17. give a speech 演讲18. try to do sth 尝试;试验19. in high spirits 兴高采烈20. think over 仔细思考21. bring back a sense of safety 找回安全感24. on Mid-autumn Festival 在中秋节25.at the end of the month 在月底26. think over 仔细考虑，慎重考虑二、重点句型及重点语言点1. (P117)How long have you felt like this?=How long have you been like this? 这样的情况持续多久了？2. (P17)Im afraid of taking bitter medicine. 我害怕吃苦药.be afraid of (doing ) sth. 表”害怕(做)某事/物” 3. (P17)It cant be SARS. 那一定不是非典cant be 表否定猜测，一定不是，不可能是 must be 表肯定猜测 一定是may be 表示可能性猜测 可能是 4. (P17)Follow the doctors advice, and youll get well soon.follow/take ones advice 采纳建议 5. (P21)I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears. 我感到很孤单，眼里满是泪水。 Be filled with=be full with 充满 6. (P23) It is very important for us to be in a good mood. 对我们来说好心情是非常重要的。 It is + adj. +(for sb.) + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是的: 7. (P23)Get back to your daily activities. It will help you bring back a sense of happiness.get back to do sth. 继续某事,回到某事上。 a sense of. .的感觉 三、重点语法 “使某人怎样” makelet +n.+ n :make you monitor makelet +n.+ adj: make you sad makelet +n.+ V: make you feel happymake sb, do sth. 使(让) 某人做某事 Unit 6 Bicycles are popularTopic1 Were going on a spring field trip一. 重点词汇1.go on a visit to 去旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. come up with 想出（主意） 8. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 9. pay for 支付；赔偿 10. raise money 筹钱 11. book a ticket 订票 12. make a room for sb 为订房间 13. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 14. in the daytime 在白天 15. goonathree-dayvisitto去旅行三天 16.find out 查出 17. places of interest 名胜 18. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 19a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧 20.my pleasure 不客气21.fallasleep 入睡22.make a reservation 预订23. raisemoney筹资24. goexploring/climbing去探险/爬山25.Its hard to say.这很难说26. come up with 提出，想出。二重点句型及重点语言点1.(P25)I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。to tell you 是动词不定式短语，作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。2. (P25)Sounds exciting!= It sounds exciting! 听起来不错。3. (p25)We will go on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩三天。go on a visit to 去参观/旅游类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic4. (P25)Bring back your information tomorrow and well decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。bring back 带回。decide on/upon sth 决定，选定decide to do sth. 决定做某事5.(P27)Id like to book 21 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我想订21张硬座票。21 tickets for the hard sleeper= 21 hard sleeper ticketsbook tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为预订房间6. (P27)Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事三.重点语法-动词不定式（1）want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等及物动词之后+to do sth.（2）不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not.（3）不定式可以和疑问词 who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.explore(V)-explore(n.) 2. east(n.)-eastern(adj.) 3.north(n.)-northern(adj.) 4. push-pull(反义词)5.sadly(adv.)-sad(adj.)- sadness(n.) 6. crowd-crowded (adj)（二）重点词组:1.be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事2. on vacation 度假3. why not=why dont you +V原4make a plan 拟定计划 5. make sure 确信，确保 6. come along with 和一起来 7. at the foot of 在的脚下 8. be surprised at 对感到惊奇9. be satisfied with 对感到满意 10. out of sight 看不见 11. take out 拿出 12. cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 13. spread over 分布于 14.rush out 冲出去 15.raise ones head 抬头 16. in all(every) direction 四面八方 17.thank goodness 谢天谢地18. thebeginningof的开始=at the beginning of=in the beginning =at last19. be full of=be filled with. 装满，充满。20. besurprisedatsth.对感到惊奇21.onbothsidesof在两边22. one-,theother-一个另一个23. thecrowdofpeople 人群24. step on ones toes 踩着某人的脚 Be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 25. atthefootof 在脚下26. pushoneswayout挤开，推开道路27. shoutatsb.对某人大喊大叫28. notuntil.直到.才.29.Cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事30. stand for 代表31. have fun （in）doing sth. 高兴、乐意做某事32ask sb for help 向某人求助二 重点句型及重点语言点1.(P33) While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事Im busy preparing for my birthday party these days.(2)while 当时候，引导时间状语从句。表示两个动作同时进行。 when While、as的区别： When ：可以与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用，进行时用于主句。 While： 只可以与短暂性动词连用，进行时用于从句。 As ：多用于口语，可以指同一时间，也可以指一前一后。2.(P33)Would you help me make a plan to explore Beijing? ? 请你帮我定个探索北京的计划好吗？Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you3. (P35)They must be great. Must be:一定是 may be: 可能是 cant be 一定不是4.(P35)Its about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。Two and a half hours = two hours and a half5.(P36)Its to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。in the +方位词+of (表示在某一范围内的地区)to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤)on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)6. (P37)While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。in ones direction 朝着某人的方向 step on ones toes踩了某人的脚7.(P37)When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1. death-die (V)- dead (adj ) 2 slow-slowly (adv) 3.crossing-cross(V)across(介词)4. success(n.)-succeed（V）successful(adj) 5Pain-painful(adj) 6. lead (名词) leader7.final-finally(adv) 8impossible (反义词) possible 9 courage(n.勇气)-encourage（V）（二）重点词组:1Get/be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 Used to doing sth. 过去常常做某事2. It is + adj +（for sb.）to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是什么样的。3. Slow down 减速 4. avoid doing sth 避免防止做某事 5. a sharp turn 急转弯6. run into 撞到7. rush to sb. 冲向某人8. get a fine 处以罚金9. be in danger 处在危险中10. warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人(不要)做某事11 .be famous for 因闻名12. have success (in) sth/ doing sth. 在某方面/做某事成功13. head-on 毫不回避的，面对面的14. ride into 进入 跻身于15. millionsof数百万hundredsof 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万16. be popular with 受的欢迎 17. go on doing sth 继续做某事18. the way to success 成功之路 19. obey/break the traffic rules 遵守/违反交通规则 20. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事21. beafraidtodosth/beafraidofdoing sth.不敢、害怕做某事22. after a while 一会儿二 重点句型及重点语言点1. (P41)I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多。more confident 是比较级2. (P43)If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。这是if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。3.(P45)He went on winning the Tour de France from 2000 till 2004. 4 (P43)It warns us to be more careful. 它提醒我们要更小心。Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事5. (P45)However, his path to success didnt smooth. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。the path to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在成功6It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不可能的。beat sb 打败某人 It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎Unit 7 Food FestivalTopic 1. We are preparing for a food festival一、重点词汇：（一） 词形转换：1.success(形容词)successful 2.invitation(动词)invite 3.tooth(复数)teeth4.friendly(比较级)more friendly 5.Russia(形容词)Russian 6.Africa(形容词)African7.India(形容词)Indian 8.sandwich(复数)sandwiches9.supply(复数)supplies 10.post(名词)poster（二）重点词组：1. hear of 听说2.have/hold/organize a food festival 举办美食节 3. make/raise money 挣钱，筹资4. turn to sb./sth. 求助于，求教于 =ask sb. for help 5. get/be/keep in touch with 与保持联络6. try/do ones best to do sth 设法、努力做某事7. need to do sth 需要做某事8. have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食9. plan to do sth 计划做某事10. want to do sth 想要做某事11. decide to do sth 决定做某事12. will you please + V原 请你好吗？13. be pleased to do 很高兴做某事14. think about 思考，思索15. think over 仔细考虑16. make a poster 做海报17. chat with sb. 和某人交谈/聊天18. whats more 而且,更有甚者，更重要的是19. never mind 没关系20.work hard at 在方面努力学习二、重点句型：1.(P53)Do you know about Daniel Igali ? 你知道丹尼尔?艾格雷吗？know about:了解，知道的情况 know of: 听说过 know：认识，熟悉2.(P53)I will think about how to organize the food festival.我将考虑怎样组织这次美食节活动。think over“仔细考虑”think of/about“考虑，思考”think of 还有“想起”之意3.(P53)Lets try our best to make it successful.让我们尽力成功举办这次美食节活动。try ones best=do ones best尽力，努力make sb./sth. successful 使获得成功4. (P55)Thats good enough. 够好了。Enough 与形容词连用，要放在形容词之后。5.(P56)May I invite you to our food festival? 我可以邀请你来参见我们的美食节吗？Invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某处Invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做谋事6.(P56 )Its a pleasure.不用谢/那是我的荣幸。用于感谢的答语还有：Thats Ok./Thats all right./Youre welcome./My pleasure.7. (P56)Ill send you an e-mail later on, OK？我过后再发邮件给你，好吗？send you an e-mail=send an e-mail to you 8.(P58)It has very few school supplies(n复).学校设施简陋。supply作为动词用，意为“提供”、“供应”。supply sth.to/for sb.提供某物给某人或supply sb. with sth.提供某人某物9.(P59)Michael and his friens heard about his plan.迈克尔和他的朋友听说了他的计划。 hear of/about sb./sth“听说过某人或某事”hear + that从句“听说，得知”hear from sb.“收到某人的来信”hear“听见” listen“注意听”Topic2 Cooking is fun一重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.cook-cook/cooker(名词) 2.fine-finely(副词) 3.gentle-gently(副词)4.noise-noisy(形容词) 5.noisy-noisily(副词) 6.hot-heat（名词）7.polite-impolite(反义词) 8.proud-pride(名词)（二）重点词组：1. Id like to do sth. 想要做某事2. Be proud of=take pride in 因感到骄傲3. be ready to do sb./sth. 乐意/准备做某事4. be kind to sb./sth . 对某人/某物友好5. cutfinely 精细地把切6. cut sth. into把某物切成.7. Learn to do sth. 学习做某事8. Help yourself to请自便/随