九年级英语(上)中段考语法.doc

九年级英语科期中考试语法复习（2007-11-9）被动语态被动语态的时态变化1、 一般现在时：助动词am/is/are+过去分词他们学校也教英语Russian _in their school.我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次。The windows of our house_once a week.2、 一般过去时：助动词was/were+过去分词这座建筑物是在1949年被建的。This building _ in 1949.这些相片是在长城拍摄的。These photos _on the Great wall.3、 一般将来时：助动词will be going to+be+过去分词明年这里将建起一座大剧院。A big theatre_ here next year.下个月修这条路。This road_ next month.4、 现在完成时：助动词has/have+been+过去分词蔬菜已经放在篮子里了。The vegetables _in the basket.这项工作已经完成了。The work_.5、 含有情态动词的被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是：情态动词+be+过去分词你的作文可以在下星期一交。Your composition_ next Monday.项工作这必须在星期四以前完成。The work _before Thursday.练习一、选择题( ) 1. Your bike needs_. A. to repair B. to be repaired C. repaired( ) 2.Children _ in China. A. is taken good care of B. must take care of C. are taken good care of( ) 3. The bridge _ by the farmers in 1980. A. was built B. will be built C. has been built( ) 4. Your exercise books _ after class. A. will hand in B. handed in C. must be handed( ) 5. The light in the room _ before you leave.A. must turn off B. is turned off C. must be turned off( ) 6.English _ widely in the world. A. is spoken B. was spoken C. will speak( ) 7. This key_ for locking the door. A. is used B. are used C. used( ) 8. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital.A. is taken B. was taken C. takes( ) 9. This watch _ next Monday.A. can mended B. can be mended C. can be mend( ) 10. Trees _ in spring.A. were planted B. should be planted C. should be plant二、完成句子1. 姚明是公认的出色的篮球运动员。Yao Ming _ a great basketball player.2、为什么受欢迎的书通常会拍成电影？Why_ popular books usually_ films?3、这些花通常是由他照管的。These flowers _ by him.4.荻更斯被认为是英国伟大的作家.Charlies Dickens_ to be a great English writer.5、每年都有数百万的人去读和看莎士比亚的戏剧。Shakepeares plays_ by people every year.6这个男孩喜欢写历险故事。The bou enjoys_.7. 别人劝我戒烟。I_ to give up smoking.8. 不允许青少年在学校穿奇装异服。Teenagers _ wear strange clothes at school.定语从句用法一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等。关系代词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。三、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。（4）关系词只能用that的情况：A. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。B.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？C.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。D. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。E.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？F.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：A.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？B.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。C.引导非限制性定语从句, 用which，而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。练习：一、.单项填空（ ）1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father？ -Yes，hes our headmaster. A.who B. which C. whom( ) 2. Is this the river _I can swim？ A. which B. in which C. that ( ) 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that ( ) 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day？A. that you bought B. that you bought itC. which you bought it( ) 5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees ( ) 6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing. A. that B. who C. which ( ) 7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate A. of which. B. whose C. that ( ) 8. The girl _is reading under the tree _my sister. A. who；was B. whom；was C. who；is ( ) 9. I love places _the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where ( ) 10. The world _ is made up of matter.A. in that we live B. we live in C. where we live in （ ）11、Many people enjoy the book harry Potter _ by J. K Rowing.A. was written B. which is written C. which was written( ) 12. Great news! Dad. The police have caught the man _ stole our car. A. which B. who C. whom( ) 13.Do you like the place _we visited last week. A. that B. which in C. in which( ) 14. The number of people _ lost homes reached as large as 250,000. A. which B. whom C. who( )15.Mr Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. which( ) 16. This is the pen _ my father brought me last week. A. that B. which C. in which( ) 17