人教版英语初一下知识点及练习.doc

初一下Unit1 知识点1. 笔友pen pal = pen friend 朱利的笔友Jolies pen pal 2. 来自于.be from = come from 3. 美国the United States = the USA = America 英国the United Kingdom = England = Britain4. live in Paris住在巴黎 Live用在表示地点的副词如here、there、home前不用介词。5.城市city复数cities . 国家country 复countries. an interesting country一个有趣的国家6. write to sb.=write a letter to sb. 写信给汤姆write to Tom 快点给我写信write to me soon 一封吉姆写给比特的邮件an e-mail from Jim to Peter7. in November在十一月 on weekends 在周末 in the world 在世界上8. speak a little French讲一点法语 a little一点儿，后面接不可数名词。 speak +语言(说某种语言) speak to /with sb和说话； say侧重于说的内容； tell告诉 tell sb. about sth.告诉某人有关的情况； tell a story讲故事； talk about谈论关于的情况, talk to/with和某人谈话9. too (也) = also (也) ；too (太) 10.like doing sth./ like to do sth.喜欢做某事 like going to the movies with my friends：喜欢和我的朋友去看电影 like playing sports喜欢做运动 play sports运动 likes and dislikes:好恶、爱憎11. 询问某人来自某地Where is/are sb. from? / Where do/does sb. come from? 答语：Sb. am/is/are from. Sb. come(s) from12. 询问某人住在某地Where do/does sb. live？ 答语：Sb. live(s) in/at13. -Wheres your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal come from? 你的笔友来自哪里？ -He/She is from + 国家名称。 她来自。 -Where are you/they from? -Im/Theyre from.14. -Where does he/she live?他/她住在什么地方？-He/She lives in +城市名。他/她住在。 -Where do you/they live? - I/We/They live in15. -What language(s) does he/she speak? 他/她讲什么语言？ -He/She speaks English and French. 他/她讲英语和法语。 -What language do you/they speak? - I/We/They speak16. I want a pen pal in China.我想有一位来自中国的笔友。17. I can speak English and a little French.我会说英语和一点儿法语。18. Please write and tell me about yourself.请写信告诉我关于你自己的事情。19. Can you write to me soon? 你能尽快给我写信吗？20. I like going to movies with my friends and playing sports.我喜欢和我的朋友们去看电影和进行体育运动。本单元的国家，人民、语言对应1 Canada- Canadian- English / French 2 France- French-French3 Japan-Japanese-Japanese 4 Australia-Australian- English5 the United States- American- English 6 the United Kingdom-British- English7. Singapore-SingaporeanEnglish/Chinese 8 China-Chinese-Chinese练习题 单项选择( )1. I think China is _ interesting country. A. aB. anC. theD. / ( )2. That boy comes _ Tokyo, Japan. A. in B. at C. ofD. from( )3.Can you speak English, Mr. Wang? Yes, but only _. A. littleB. a littleC. a lot( )4. _ do Lily and Jane come from? The United States. A. WhereB. WhoC. WhatD. Why ( )5. The people in Singapore speak _. A. English B.Chinese C. Japanese and English D. A and B( )6. Does your pen pal live in Guangzhou or Fuzhou? _A. Yes, he is. B. No, he doesnt. C. He lives in Fuzhou. D. He is from Guangzhou. ( )7. I know Tom well, please write and tell me about _. A. youB. me C. ID.yourself( )8. Do you speak English or _? English. A.England B.Japan C.French D.China( )9. He lives _ with his grandparents. A. in New York, the U.S.A. B. the U.S.A. , New YorkC. from New York , the U.S.A. D. of New York, the U.S.A. 完成句子1. They speak French and Spanish.(对划线部分提问) _ _ _ they speak? 2. My brother speaks Chinese. (改为一般疑问句)_ your brother _ Chinese? 3. Peter lives in Tokyo. (对划线部分提问) _ _ Peter _? 4. Jim isnt from Canada.(改为同义句) Jim _ _ from Canada. 5. 我的笔友经常给我写信。 My pen pal often _ _ _. Unit 2知识点一 There be 句型要点1. 定义（注意与have的区别）2. 结构：there is+可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点状语There is(Theres) a big supermarket near my home.There is(Theres) some water in the glass. there are+可数名词复数+地点状语 There are 30 students in the classroom. 3、就近原则：当there be 句型中出现两个或两个以上的名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. There are two books and a pen on the desk. 4、否定句变形：be动词后+not或no即可（not a/an/any+名词=no +名词） 5、一般疑问句变形：be动词提前，句号变问号，some变any，人称变化 Is there a big supermarket near your home？Yes,there is. No,there isnt.6、特殊疑问句变形（1） 对主语提问：主语是人，用who提问；主语是物，用what提问。 无论原句主语是单数还是复数，对主语提问时be动词都要用单数形式，回答时却要根据实际情况回答。（2） 对地点状语提问：where（3） 对数量提问：how many+名词复数形式+are there+介词短语 how much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语 How many days are there in a week?一个星期有多少天?There are seven.二词组：1. across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面 crossing n.十字路口；人行横道 2. next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. betweenand 在和之间 I sit between her and him. 我坐在他和她之间4. in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。in the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。5. behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面6. on the left/right 在左边/右边on the left/right of 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边 on ones left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边 turn left/right 向左转/向右转7. go straight 直走8. go down /along the street 沿着街走 9. in the neighborhood=near here=around here 在附近 in the neighborhood of 在的附近10 welcome to 欢迎来到11. take a walk=have a walk=go for a walk 散步12. the beginning of 的开始,前端 at the beginning of 在的开始,前端 in the beginning 起初，一开始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车(taxi复数加s） take the bus 坐公交车16. 到达： get to +地方 get home 到家 get here/there 到达这里（到达那里）arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.arrive here/there 到达这里（到达那里） 17go across （从物体表面）横过 go across the street 过马路go through （从空间内）穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林Eg：Go through Sixth Avenue and you will find the bookstore. 穿过第六大道，你将会找到那个书店。18. visit sb 拜访某人 visit+地点 拜访某个地方19. the way to 去某地的路 the way to do sth 做某事的方法 the way of doing sth 做某事的方法20. on在的上面 in 在的里面 under在的下面21. street, road和way的区别22. park:公园。侧重于公共场合的公园。 garden：花园。侧重于私人所属的花园，还可以用来种植花、果、菜。23. enjoy sth. 享受某事 enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 enjoy oneself 过得愉快高兴24. let sb.do sth. 让某人做某事，常用来提出建议或邀请（sb为人称代词时要用宾格）25. hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。 hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。三句型：1. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。 If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。2. Next to the hotel is a small house with an interesting garden. with an interesting garden是一个介词短语，在句中做定语修饰house,表示这座房子具有的特征； with是介词，意为“带有；拥有”。3. Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. have fun意为“玩得愉快”，to have fun是一个不定式短语，在句中作后置定语修饰place.4. Just go straight and turn left. 此句是祈使句，祈使句是表请求、命令等的句子。通常省略了主语you,以动词原形开头，其否定句是在动词原形前加dont.5. Asking for directions: (问路)(1)Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？(2)Can/Could you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？(3)How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达？(4)Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？(5)Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？ (6)Could you tell me how to get to? 能告诉我去怎么走吗？6. Giving directions: （指路）(1)Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。(2) Go down/along this street. 沿着这条街走。(3) Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个转弯处左转。(4)You will find it on your right. 你会在你右边发现它。(5)It is about one hundred meters from here. 离这里大约一百米远。(6)Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）(7) Its across from（在.的对面）/near/in front of/next to(8)You cant miss it. 你一定能找到的。练习题单项选择 ( )1. Im hungry. Me too. Lets find a _ to eat some food. A. libraryB. Bank C. restaurantD. post office( )2. Go down Park Street and the bank is _ your right. A. onB. inC. atD. of ( )3. _ to the restaurant is a 5-star hotel. A. NextB. AcrossC. BetweenD. Front( )4.11宜宾中考John is standing _ Gina and Jim. A. atB. duringC. betweenD. in( )5. This quiet park is a good place _. A. studyB. studysC. studyingD. to study( )6. The _ of the movie is very scary. A. beginB. beginsC. beginning D. to begin( )7. When can you _ America? A. arrive inB. arrive atC. arriveD. get( )8.11江津中考There _ only one doctor in the hospital today. A. isB. hasC. haveD. Are( )9. I hope you have a great trip to Hong Kong. _.A. OKB. GoodC. Thank youD. Thats right完成句子1. 在银行的对面有一家旅馆。_ _ a hotel _ _ the bank. 2. 让我们到公园散步吧。 Lets _ _ _ in the park. 3. 你可以在花园里玩得很开心。 You can _ _ in the garden. 4. 你知道去超市的路吗？ Do you know _ _ _ the supermarket? 5. 沿着解放大街走，它就在你的前边。_ _ Jiefang Street. Its _ _ _ you. Unit3 知识点1. let sb do sth.让某人做某事 let him go 让他走吧。2.稍微、有点 kind of=a bit =a little 有点有趣kind of interesting 有点懒kind of lazy 非常含羞very shy 一种a kind of. 各种各样的. all kinds of. 3. 来自南非be/come from South Africa4. 对某人友好be friendly/kind to sb 和某人友好相处be friendly with sb5. 喜欢做某事（习惯性的）like doing sth 喜欢做某事（偶尔一次的、未发生的）like to do sth6. 保持安静be/keep quiet 害怕.be afraid of.7. 在白天during/in the day 在白天睡觉sleep during the day 在晚上at night 8. 每天every day 每天的日常的everyday 起床get up 吃叶子eat leaves, leaf复数leaves, thief-thieves, wife-wives, wolf-wolves) 吃肉eat meat meat肉，grass草， 为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much meat, much grass 9. 和某人玩耍play with sb. 和朋友一起玩play with ones friends (my,your,his,her,our,their)10.形容词：可爱的，聪明的cute 聪明的，漂亮的smart 丑陋的，难看的ugly 懒惰的，懒散的lazy 聪明的，机灵的clever 友好的friendly 美丽的；美好的beautiful 害羞的；羞涩的shy 其他的；另外的other 饥饿的hungry 肮脏的 dirty 清洁的，干净的clean 宁静的quiet 开着的，营业中的open 关着的，停业中的close 11.动物名词 猫cat 家鼠mouse 狗dog 鸭duck 蛇snake 马horse 猪pig 羊sheep 兔子rabbit 狐狸fox 狼wolf 狮子lion 考拉koala 猴monkey 老虎tiger 大象elephant 海豚dolphin 熊猫panda 企鹅penguin 长颈鹿giraffe 12.他12岁He is twelve years old.他是个12岁的男孩 He is a twelve-year-old boy.13.Lets see the koalas first.首先让我们看树袋熊吧！14. Why do you like dolphin？你为什么喜欢海豚？ Because theyre very clever.因为他们非常聪明。 Why do you want to see the lions?你为什么想去看狮子？15.Why does he like elephants?他为什么喜欢大象？Because theyre kind of interesting.因为他们有点儿有趣。16.Wherere lions from? 狮子来自哪儿？ Theyre from South Africa.他们来自南美洲。17.What other animals do you like？你喜欢哪些别的动物？ I like penguins. Because theyre friendly and cute.我喜欢企鹅。因为他们友好和可爱。18.Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.莫莉喜欢和她的朋友们玩耍和吃草。19.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.他白天睡觉，但是他晚上起床并吃叶子。20.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 他通常每天睡觉休息20个小时。练习题单项选择( )1. Look, that is _ elephant from Africa. A. aB. anC. theD. /( )2. That little animal is very _. Please dont talk here. A. shyB. friendlyC. cuteD. ugly( )3. Some monkeys are not friendly _ us. They take away our fruits. A. toB. withC. forD. of( )4. Pandas like eating _ and elephants like eating _. A. leafs; grass B. leaves; grass C. leaf; grass D. leaf; grasses( )5. My mother often tells me not to play _ bad boys. A. onB. inC. withD. at( )6.1