2014年新版外研版八年级下册Module2知识点及练习.doc

Module2 Experiences经历重点难点精讲Unit1 Ive also entered lots of speaking competitions. 我也参加过许多演讲比赛。1. experience 作名词的用法(1)经历，阅历Please tell us about your experience in Africa.请跟我们说说你在非洲的经历。I had a rather odd experience the other day.前些天我有一次相当神奇的经历。(2) 经验，经历（+of/in）She had no experience of life at all.她毫无生活经验。Have you had any experience of teaching English?你有过教英语的经验吗？2.ever的用法Ever作副词，意为“曾经，在任何时候，总是”。Does she ever go out at night?她总是晚上外出吗？Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾去过北京吗？【注意】（1）ever用于疑问句中时，其答语不用ever，若否定则用never.Have you ever heard the song?你曾经听过这首歌吗？Yes, I have. 是的，我听过。（No, I never.不，从来没有。）（2） “Did you ever.?”一般用于反问句，表示惊讶，愤怒，怀疑等情绪。Did you ever hear such nonsense?你真的听到过这样的胡言乱语吗？3.exciting 令人兴奋的，感到兴奋的动词加-ing构成形容词通常修饰物，在句中作表语或定语；动词加-ed构成的形容词通常用来修饰人，作表语，通常不作定语。4. dream的用法 作形容词：理想的Its a dream job for a girl like her.对于像她这样的女孩，这是份理想的工作。作动词：做梦He often dreams about his days in the country.他经常梦见在乡下的那些日子。作名词：梦；梦想I hope your dream can come true.我希望你的梦想能实现。【拓展】过去式：dreamed, dreamt 过去分词：dreamed, dreamt短语： have a dream 做梦， dream about 梦见， dream of 梦想，向往5. afford的用法：做及物动词：（1）常用在can, could, be able to之后，意思是“负担得起.的费用；抽得出（时间）”At last, we can afford a house. 最后，我们买得起房子了。（2） 提供；给予Reading affords pleasure. 读书给人带来快乐。6. pity的用法（1） 怜悯；同情I did it out of pity for her.我那样做是基于对她的同情。（2） 可怜的事；憾事But thats such a pity! You play so well.但那多可惜啊！你演奏得那么好。What a pity! 以及Its a pity(that).常用在口语中，表达遗憾之情。7. sound的用法（1） sound作为连系动词，意为“听起来；听上去（给人以某种印象）”，常接形容词作表语，还可以接名词，代词，介词短语或从句。（2） sound作为名词，泛指在自然界中人所能听到德尔任何声音，意为“声音；响声”，有可数和不可数两种用法。Strange sounds came from the next door.奇怪的声音来自隔壁的房间。Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。【相关链接】listen to, hear和sound的辨析（1） listen to意为“听”，强调听的动作。They are listening to the teacher.他们在听老师说话。（2） hear意为“听到”，强调听的结果Im sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。（3） sound意为“听上去，听起来”，可作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，还可以和like连用。The music sounds sweet.这个音乐听起来悦耳。8. invite 邀请（1） invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事They invited me to join their club.他们邀请我加入他们的俱乐部。（2） invite sb to sth/invite sb for sth邀请某人做某事He invited us for the concert.他邀请我们去听音乐会。I want to invite my friends to a party. 我想邀请我的朋友去参加一个聚会。【拓展】Invitation邀请Thanks for your invitation.(等于Thank you for asking/inviting me.)谢谢你的邀请。【典型例题】1. David Beckham says he feels by his new role as part-time global ambassador(大师）for Chinese football. A.excited B.excitedly C.angry D.angrily2. Dont always getting good grades without working hard. A.care about B.give up C. dream of D.concentrate on3. My mother says that we wont go on a trip to Hong Kong Disneyland. I just cant understand. . You never looking forward to it. A.Never mind. B.Enjoy yourselves! C.What a pity! D.Dont worry about it.4. Thank you for your i （邀请）to the party.答案：A, C, C, invitation.【巩固练习】1、 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词1. What was your most excited e in you life?2. Which c have you ever entered at school?3. This is a w place for a picnic.4. Tom won a p for running this morning.5. What do you often d about when you do to sleep?6. I cant a the ticket, because it is too expensive.7. I want to i you to have dinner tonight, OK?8. The club can help i your speaking.9. Ive never t by plane.10. What k of animals do you like best?2、 英汉互译1. invite sb to do sth 2. Think about 3. 编造 4. 停止做某事 5. 和.一起去 6. 一等奖 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空1. What are you ding?I (write) a story.2. Can you help me (improve) my speaking?3. I (win) some prizes already.4. you ever (be) to England? Yes, I (go) there two years ago.5. Ill invite my friends (come) to my party.4、 翻译下列句子。1. 你以前曾经获过奖吗？ 2. 那听起来好极了！ 3. 它不必是真实的，你可以虚构。 4. 我买不起车。 5. 你想参加什么类型的竞赛。 5、 补全句子从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话，有两项多余。A. Who has been to Australia?B. It sounds brilliant!C. When did you go?D. Has anyone in our class been to America?E. Yes, of course.F. Have you ever been there before.G. We first went to New York, then to San Francisco.Teacher: Hi, everyone. Today were going to talk about some Western countries. 1 .Student A:Yes, Ive been there.Teacher:Really? 2 .Student A:I went there last summer, with my parents.Teacher:What places did you visit?Student A: 3 Teacher:Great! What about Australia? 4 Student B:I have. I went to Sydney with my uncle.Teacher:Did you have a wonderful time?Student B: 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Unit2 They have seen the Pyramids. 他们看过金字塔。1. send的用法（1） 送；寄送She sent me a Christmas card.她给我寄来一张圣诞卡片。（2） 打发；派遣Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas.每年他们派出100名志愿者到中国的农村地区支教。【拓展】过去式sent过去分词sent短语send emails发送电子邮件send sb sth=send sth to sb给某人送某物send for派人去请send out 发出；分发2.so far的用法so far意为“到现在为止”，常用于现在完成时态中。So far they have learned 2,000 English words.到目前为止，他们已经学会了2,000个英语单词。3. count 数；计算She counted the pupils in her class;there are thirty.她数了数她班上的学生，有三十人。【拓展】count down 倒数【巩固练习】1、 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1. Mike is from A . He is an American boy.2. Cairo is in E .3. He works in a big c .4. Arabic is d from English.5. Lets c down from ten to one.6. Last year their family m to English.2、 英汉互译。1. at the moment 2. so far 3. ask sb to do sth 4. enjoy doing sth 5. 一个十五岁的男孩 6. 最繁华的城市之一 7. 与.不同 8. 倒数 9. 把某人送去做某事 3、 单项填空。1. They went to Beijing last year. A.take the place B.by plane C.by a plane D.catch a bus2. Not only the students but also the teacher hard. A.work B.works C.working D.to work3. Xiaoshenyang is so popular us. Yeah, he is one of my favourite stars. What about you? A.for B.to C.with D.on4. The boy a white jacket is waiting at the bus stop. A.on B.in C.wear D.of5. Lets go and play football, ? Thats wonderful. A.will you B.do you C.wont we D.shall we6. Wheres Dr Li? He the USA. A.went to B.left for C.has gone to D.has been to7. He has written many songs, ? A.isnt he B.wasnt he C.hasnt he D.be he8. Miss Li with her family Europe one. A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to9. The little boy is young go to school. A.to;too B.too;to c.so;that D.so;to10. He has dreamed of part in the morning. A.take B.to take C.took D.taking四、根据汉语提示完成句子。1、 香港是世界上最大、最繁华的城市之一。Hong Kong is and in the world.2. 他们和父母两年前搬到了美国。They the America two years ago.3. 他们去过很多有趣的地方。They many .4. 我发现学习英语很难。I fine learn English.5. 公司已要求Peter返回美国工作。The company Peter in the US.6. 他们正在倒计时数着日子。They thy days.5、 句型转换。1. We found that its easy to learn a foreign language.（改为简单句）We fund a foreign language.2. They have been here for 10 years.（对划线部分提问） they .3. Jim is twelve years old.(改为同义句）Jim is a .六、根据对话内容及首字母提示完成对话。A:Hello! Where are you from?B:Im f 1 England. What about you?A:Im from China.B:China? Its a very beautiful country.A:Have you ever been to China before?B:Yes, I h 2 .A:W 3 did you go there.?B:Two years ago.A:What do you think of Chinese food?B:Its d 4 . I like it very much.A: What k 5 of food do you like best?B:Noodles.A:If you go to visit China next time, Ill show you around.B:Thats great!1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Unit 3 Language in use语言运用1. a lot的用法a lot是口语中常用的一个词组，多用于肯定句，有时也用于疑问句。（1） 作副词短语，在句中表示程度，意为“很；非常；常常“，修饰动词、介词短语、形容词或副词的比较级。It usually rains a lot/much at this time of year.通常每年的这个时候经常下雨。（修饰动词rain)（2）作名词短语，表示“很多；大量”，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，其后常有动词不定式短语作后置定语。Sometimes we have very little snow, but sometimes theres a lot.有时我们这儿几乎没有雪，有时却又很多。（作表语）Hes given her a lot to eat.他给了她很多吃的东西。（作宾语）（3） a lot前可用such, quite, rather修饰I like him quite a lot.我非常喜欢他。How much money is left?还剩下多少钱？Rather a lot. 还有相当多。【拓展】a lot of=lots of ,可修饰可数或不可数名词，意为“许多的，大量的”，相当于many或much。A lot of和lots of通常用于肯定句，否定句中一般用many或much。Theres a lot of work to do and a lot of people have been sent there.那里有许多工作要做，并且已经派去了许多人。2. have(has) been to和have(has) gone to用法区别（1） “have/has been to+地名”表示“曾经去过某地（此时已经不在那个地方了”，时间状语常用ever, never（否定句）等。I have ever been to America. 我曾去过美国。（现在“我”在说话地点，而不在美国。去美国是过去的事。）（2） “have/has gone to+地名”表示“去了某地（现在已不在说话地点）”Wheres Mr Evans?埃文斯先生在哪儿？Hes gone to Washington.他去了华盛顿。3. so和such的区别so是副词，意为“如此，这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such是形容词，意为“如此，这样”，修饰名词，既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词。Its such a fine day.= Its so fine a day.天气如此好的一天。从上面句子可以看出：such修饰单数可数名词时，不定冠词a/an通常放在such之后；而so则不同，不定冠词位置不同。其结构为：such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数；so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数。Such除了修饰可数名词单数外，还可以修饰复数名词和不可数名词；so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。如果复数名词前有few, many等形容词或不可数名词前有little, much等从容次，要用so,而不用such.4. time的用法（1） time作为可数名词，意为“次数”。表示“一次”时用once,“两次”用twice,三次或三次以上用three times, four times.，以此类推。此时，它常与现在完成时连用。Ive been to Shanghai three times.我去过上海三次。（2） time作为不可数名词，意为“时间，闲暇”。Its time for sth/Its time (for sb) to do sth是（某人）该做某事的时间了Its time for us to have lunch.到了我们吃午饭的时间了。Itve no time to do it.我没有时间做这件事。5. find out的用法find out 查明，弄清（情况）Can you find out what time the meeting starts?你能查清楚会议什么时候开始吗？辨析look for意为“寻找”，强调找的动作find意为“找到”，强调找的结果，指找到具体的东西find out指查明抽象的东西，如某个真相、事实等。Im looking for my keys.我正在找我的钥匙。I had to empty out the drawer to find the papers.我不得倒空抽屉来找这些文件。We will find out the truth early or later.我们迟早会查明事实的真相。【拓展】Find的过去式：found 过去分词：found6. special的用法特殊的，特别的This is a special case, deserving special treatment.这是个特殊的案件，应该获得特殊处理。【拓展】 派生词：specially 副词 特殊地；特别地7. last的用法作动词 持续The meeting lasted five hours.这个会议持续了五个小时。做形容词 （1） 最近刚过去的They went to Beijing last month.上个月他们去了北京。（最好的）This is the last week of the term.这是本学期的最后一周。【典型例题】1. Where is Daming? He the teachers office. Hell be back soon. A.has been to B.has gone to C.will go to D.is going to2. This is difficult problem that few student can work it our. A.so B.so a C.such D.such a3. The final result can (find) on our website by the end of this week.4. This machine is (special) designed for blind people.5. What was Jim wearing at the party? Nothing . He was in his usual shirt and jeans. A.special B.simple C.important D.interesting6. Mr Wang is always the first to get to school and the l to leave school.答案：B, D, be found, specially, A, last语法重点:现在完成时（1）1. 构成现在完成时是由“助动词have(has）+动词的过去分词”构成的。助动词说明该谓语属于现在时范围，它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词说明句子的意义。2. 用法（1） 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在产生了某种影响或造成了某种结果。句中常有just, already, yet等副词修饰。 Have you had lunch yet?你已经吃过午饭了吗？Yes, I have. Ive just had it.是的，我刚刚吃过。（2） 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。句中常有for或since引导的表示时间的状语。 He has taught here since 1981.（3） 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历，一般意为汉语“.过”，常带有twice, ever, never，three times等时间状语。I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。【语法练习