2011年大学英语六级作文预测.doc

2011年大学英语六级作文预测解题技巧写作解题时间为30分钟，分为三步：5分钟审题和构思，20分钟写作，5分钟检查可能犯的错误。下面分步骤说明。(一)审题和构思事实上提供给写作的时间不止30分钟。一般来说，各考场会提前5分钟左右将答题卡一发到学生手里，大一点的考场甚至可能提前10分钟发卷。这5到10分钟不允许学生作答，但考生完全可以用来做作文部分的审题和构思工作。注意审题一定要仔细，按要求写作，不得擅自改动题目，给定的提纲不得有遗漏，否则会按比例扣分。尤其注意，不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。如，2008年12月六级写作真题题目是College Students Mental Health，提纲为1. 心理健康对于大学生很重要2. 鉴于此，学校可以3. 我们自己应该”而在考试之前我出过一道类似的模拟题，题目为“Psychological Problems Among College Students”, 提纲为1. 很多大学生有严重的心理问题2. 产生这些问题的原因3. 如何解决这些问题”可以看出，我给的提纲是按照比较规矩的三段论来的，即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”。但真题的提纲并未要求考生分析问题，反倒有两段要写解决问题。有的考生因为看过或背过模拟题的范文，就直接照搬，导致了失分。另外，构思不是打草稿。并不建议学生练习写作时养成打草稿的习惯。因为考场上时间有限，打完草稿再誊写很可能来不及。另外，更重要的原因是考场上不发草稿纸，一般也不允许往里带纸，难以找到打草稿的地方。考生只要花三五分钟做一下构思即可，即想象一下每段大致写什么，可以记几个关键词(比如在准考证空白的地方)提示自己，在接下来的二十分钟里面按照这几个关键词提示的内容扩展就行。一般来说，要求不少于150词的文章最好写到180到200词，就句子数目来说，如果分三段，每段也就三到五句话，平均四句一段。那么整篇文章大约10个关键词就可以做好构思。以2009年6月六级写作真题为例。Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 有人说名字(或名称)很重要2. 也有人觉得名字(或名称)无关紧要3. 我认为构思第一段时，想到可以来一句铺垫的话，如“名字重不重要是个有争议的话题”，可以写下controversial或topic，作为关键词;下一句是“有人说名字(或名称)很重要”，可以先写下important。再往后想两条理由或例证即可。理由如“好名字容易被记住，因而可以给人来更多机会”(关键词remember或opportunity)，和“按照传统理论起的名字可能会对人起到暗中庇护的作用”(关键词tradition或shelter);例证如“有人认为毛泽东伟大是因为名字就大气，Bill Gates有钱是因为他的名字可以表示钞票，姓表示很多大门，很多大门都来钱，所以有钱”。第二、三段情同此理。其实第一段想好了，后两段也就容易了。比如第二段可以将第一段的理由或例证反过来用，第三段可以总结或折中一下。字数还是比较容易写够的。(二)写作写作的过程当中，要注意这样几条高分策略。字迹清楚，段落明朗(clear)：字体不要太大，也不要太小，以行间距的三分之一到二分之一为合适;另外，大小要一致，不要忽大忽小;字母的倾斜方向要一致，不要东倒西歪;要抵着给出的虚线写，不能上窜下跳;总之，要给阅卷人清楚、工整的感觉。段落一般为三段，采用段首缩进式，即每段开头空4至8个字母的格，每段段首缩进的量要一致，要让阅卷人一目了然。内容完整，紧扣提纲(complete)：一般来说，六级写作都会给出三点汉语提纲，考生应严格按照三点写成三段。不要有遗漏，也不要随意改变提纲要点的顺序。因为阅卷人要在30秒左右的时间打出分数，所以不希望看到与提纲严重背离的作文。首保正确，再求闪光(correct)：这一条是最核心的，因为在写作时间和篇幅都比较短的情况下，考生写出的内容几乎是一样的，唯一的判断标准几乎就是语言的质量。要首先保证语法和拼写正确，哪怕用小词、短句也可以。有能力的话再追求闪光的词句。例如，有考生在写2009年6月的作文时，写出了这样的开头句：There is no denying the fact that the vital of name has been a hotly debated topic in China. 这句话是套用我以往范文给过的句子，基本结构是对的，但有两处明显的错误。一处为vital，是个形容词，而这里应该用名词。作者可能想用一个牛词来替换importance以显示用词多样，结果弄巧成拙。另外一处错误为name之前应该有冠词a，其实题目中都给了，结果这位同学忽略了，缺乏基本的语法意识。其实作文中常犯的语法错误除了冠词错误，还包括时态错误、名词和动词单复数错误、代词不一致错误、词性错误以及句子主谓不完整错误。下笔时一定要谨慎。篇幅关系这里不能赘述。先总后分，连词用上(coherent)：这里说的是段落的结构和连贯性的问题。英语文章特别喜欢先总后分或开门见山的格局，另外，段落之间和句子之间的形式连接手段特别明显，即关联词用的很多。在写作的时候，几乎就是把给出的三点提纲作为每段的开头句，然后再加上两三个扩展句即理由或例证句就可以了。当然有时候为了论证自然或扩展字数也可以加上一点铺垫的句子。如2009年6月真题作文开头一句既可以是Some people claim that names are of great importance. 也可以是There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not. 然后再说Some hold the positive view.后面再加上两三句论证的话。论证句或扩展句之间最好有连接词，如First, Second, Besides, Also, Similarly, In the same way, However等等。语言简练，论据得当(concise)：不要啰嗦，不要过于重复和堆砌。有些考生背诵了一些经典的句型，为了凑字就全用上了，给人低层次的感觉。如最后一段用同学写道：As far as I am concerned, weighing the pros and cons of the arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view. 其实As far as I am concerned和weighing the pros and cons of the arguments用一个就行了。另外，尽管内容不及语言重要，但也肯定会影响分数的。考生应尽量平时多练，以期在考场上也能很快想到一些有力的理由和贴切的例证。另外，要敢于表达自己的思想，不要一味地为了保证语言正确而裹步不前，只说一些小学生的话。如有同学写09年真题第一段时写道：Some people think that names are important. They say that, if a person has a name, we can remember him. If he does not have a name, we cannot remember him. 这样的作文倒是没有语言错误，但肯定也得不了高分。(三)检查其实考生应该在下笔写作的时候就谨慎，仔细，避免错误，但即便这样，错误也是会有的，包括语法和拼写错误，尤其对于平时缺乏练习的同学来说。那么就需要留几分钟通读一下，检查和改正。注意，要改的是一些语法或拼写错误，而不是作内容上的大的改动，换言之，是改一些词或词组，而不是改整个句子或段落，因为那样会造成卷面混乱，导致低分。要想避免内容上的错误，构思时就要想好，落笔时就要谨慎。还有改正错误要注意方式，尽量不要用涂改液或涂改带，以免有作bi嫌疑，也不要在一个词上涂画太多，影响卷面整洁。一般可以用一条斜线划掉错词，然后在其上方写出正确的，或者用胶带或刀片之类轻轻将错词去掉，然后在原位置写出正确的。冲刺方略即使到考前剩的时间不多，写作也是大有可为的。要做的事情有两件，一个是背，一个是练。背主要是背范文，从实战出发，可以背模拟题的范文。背的目的有两个，一是掌握一些常用的经典句型，在考场上应急，另外是学习范文的思路和文章结构，以期为己所用。背不要贪多，一种类型的文章背一篇也就差不多。如果按我课上讲的把作文分为五大类，那差不多背五篇就行。而且实在不能一字不差的背下来也不要太担心，背下大部分就行。其实，与背范文同样重要的是背诵一些自己在阅读里看到的比较有感觉的好词好句，那样可以避免与别人写成一样的。练也是练模拟题，因为考过的写作真题再考的可能性几乎是没有的。数量大约5到10篇，也就是每种类型一到两篇。练的时候可以用背诵过的模板，但最好还是能用自己的话，不敢肯定的话可以写完之后去查查字典，实在不敢肯定的可以请教别人或使用范文的说法。其实练模拟题主要目的并不是为了押题，而是提高构思和英汉转换的速度，为了培养一批自己比较喜欢的好词好句。A Letter of Application1. 表达自己对该工作的渴求态度2. 尽量展示自己的技能和经历3. 信中应包括自己的联系方式【范文】January , 2010Dear Sirs,I am writing you this letter to show my keen interest in the post of assistant manager which you advertised in yesterdays China Daily for, as is indicated in the enclosed resume, my major and experiences closely parallel your requirement. I have always been a top student in my specialized area, biochemistry. I took several other courses in my spare time and excelled in all of them due to my hard work. I am sure such courses as British and American literature and culture, business management and statistics will lend me an edge in the fierce competition in the job market. Another point I want to draw your attention to is that I have been taking an active part in a variety of campus activities. In the due process teamwork spirit has been enhanced and my interpersonal skills improved.I would like to meet you at your earliest convenience and discuss the possibility of working with your company. Or, if you are too busy these days, you can contact me at 64543575 for further information. Thank you for your favorable consideration.Best wishes.Yours sincerely,Jenny Green【点评】这篇文章是一篇非常成功的求职信。首段表明了自己对经理助理这一职位的渴望，其中包括了自己如何得知这一职位的，而后说明自己的条件符合要求，引起下段。次段分五句，说明自己在专业上是个尖子生，并指出对于其他课程自己做得同样出色，为将来的工作奠定了坚实的基础；后两句说明自己参加了各种学校活动，培养了多方面的能力。第三段首句说明自己非常希望能早日获得面试的机会；次句说如果对方太忙，可以打电话联系；末句对对方表示感谢，是一句客套话。 首段中的keen表示“热切的”， parallel这里做动词，表示“与相当，比得上”。第二段首句中的specialized area表示“专业领域”；第二句中的excel是不及物动词，表示“突出，超常，胜过他人”；第三句中的edge表示“优势”；第四句中的a variety of等于various,表示“多种多样的”；第五句中的teamwork spirit表示“团队精神”，interpersonal skills表示“人际交往的能力”。Silence Is Gold1. 许多场合中“沉默是金”是正确的2. 但也有例外的情形3. 结论【范文】When we talk of the famous proverb Silence is Gold, we should not simply label it as right or wrong, but explore it in depth.This proverb is especially true under several situations. First, if we have made a promise not to let out a secret, we should always keep silent. Second, we should avoid talking over facts or statistics of which we are not sure. Third, whenever we are expressing our ideas, brevity is the soul of wit and talking too much will always lead to faults and mistakes.Nevertheless, there are also some exceptions. If we find out a flaw in others speaking or writing, we should not hesitate a moment to point it out. And to friends or acquaintances seeking advice, we should feel free to help them.In a word, we can draw the conclusion that in most cases silence is gold, but in certain circumstances, talking is the right choice.【点评】本文的特色在于其并未完全肯定或完全否定所提到的谚语，而是从正、反两个方面去分析，即第二段指出其正确性，第三段谈例外情况；末段总结，呼应全文。 范文首先提出所要讨论的谚语“沉默是金”。第二段分三个方面阐述其正确性，即发誓保守秘密，对于不确定的事情要保持沉默，而在表达自己的思想时，力求简洁。第三段指出例外，为别人指出错误或为朋友等提建议时，不要坚持“沉默是金”。末段总结，呼应第二、三段。第一段中的label.as.表示“将看作”，而explore. in depth表示“深入探究”。第二段第一点中的make a promise表示“允诺”，let out a secret表示“泄露秘密”，keep silent表示“保持沉默”；第三点中的brevity is the soul of wit也是个谚语，表示“言贵简洁”。第三段第二点中的acquaintance指“熟人”。Why Are There So Many Rural Laborers in Big Cities?1. 近年来越来越多的民工涌入大城市2. 产生这一社会现象的原因【范文】For a number of years, there has been a steady rise in the number of rural laborers who flood into big cities. Many men work on construction sites, while many women work as dishwashers in restaurants or babysitters for city dwellers. Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this social phenomenon.First and foremost, the limited land can no longer produce enough crops for an ever-increasing rural population. In the second place, there are far more opportunities in big citiesrural laborers dream of earning money through hard work. Last but by no means least, many of them want to live permanently in big cities, because they admire the way of living there, and wish their children to receive good education.I firmly believe that if we try our best to create a healthy social atmosphere, rural laborers will make greater contribution to our nation.【点评】本题谈论的是一种社会现象。第一段首句引入某一现象，第二句举例说明，第三句是个过渡句，引起下面解释原因段落的第二段；第三段是简洁的结束语，其中的宾语从句嵌套一个状语从句。 范文首先指出大量农民工涌入大城市这一现象，并引出第二段所阐述的三个原因。首先，农村有限的土地不能满足日益增长的人口消费。其次，大城市有更多的工作机会。最后，农民工向往大城市的生活，想永远居住在大城市。末段总结指出，如果创造一个健康的社会环境，农民工就可以为国家做出更大的贡献。 第一段第二句中的construction site表示“建筑工地”，babysitter表示“帮人看孩子的人”。第二段第一点中的rural指“农村的”；第三点中的permanently和admire分别指“永久地”和“羡慕”，receive education指“接受教育”。Global Shortage of Fresh Water1. 人们以为淡水是取之不尽的（提示：雨水、河水、井水）2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的（提示：人口增长、工业用水增加、污染）3. 我们应该怎么办【范文】At present, many people take it for granted that fresh water will never be used up because we can find it not only from the rain, but also in the rivers, lakes and wells. Consequently, it is not necessary for us to worry about global shortage of fresh water.In fact, the situation has become so serious that everyone should be aware of it and take immediate actions. With the world population increasing rapidly year after year, water resources are being consumed at an appalling speed. Whats more, with the development of science and technology, modern industry needs much more water than before. Thirdly, pollution is also a worrying problemwater in rivers and wells becomes undrinkable because of industrial wastes.We should take urgent measures to protect fresh water resources. The government should increase the efficiency of water usage by such methods as water recycling and purification of sea water. The people, on the other hand, should form the habit of cherishing every drop of water. Last but not least, pollution must be effectively controlled, if we ever want to improve the quality of life.【点评】本篇范文的最大特色是将批驳类与办法类结合，首段指出一些人的错误认识；第二段从三方面进行批驳；第三段指出我们的做法。范文首先指出，一些人认为淡水是取之不尽的，然后在第二段中进行批驳。首先，水资源正在被以惊人的速度消费。其次，现代工业需要更多的水资源。另外，因为工业污染，有些水已经不适宜饮用了。第三段阐述正确做法，即政府提高水资源的利用率、人人养成节约用水的习惯以及有效地控制水污染。 第一段第一句中的take it for granted表示“想当然”，be used up表示“用完，耗尽”。第三段第一点中的efficiency，recycling和purification分别指“效率”、“再循环”和“净化”。1. Asking for Leave of AbsenceTo: Ms. Riddle, an Oral English teacherFrom: Sam, a sophomore student in Oral English Class TwoDate: June 18th, 2005Subject: Asking for Leave of AbsenceDear Ms. Riddle,Im Sam, a respectful sophomore student of yours in Oral English Class Two. I wonder if I could be excused for absence from your Oral English class this Wednesday morning.Yesterday evening I got a phone call from my cousin, who is now running a small firm in the suburbs of this city. He needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try. Personally, I regard this as a golden opportunity to put what I have learned in your class into practice, but I need your permission of absence. If you think I may go and help him get over the difficulty, I am confident that Ill do a good job and both of us will be grateful.Earnestly yoursSam2. On Power Shortage(1). 很多城市缺电现象严重(2). 分析原因(3). 提出建议Recently, every morning when I wake up, I find my air-conditioner automatically turned off. I didnt understand why at first, but soon I learned that there is a great shortage of electricity supply in our citymy air-conditioner turned off because of a power failure midnight.With the rapidly developing industry and the ever increasing population, demand for electricity supply is soaring. Besides, summers in recent years are much hotter than before, so most working places and households are air-conditioned, which consumes additional electricity.Faced with such a hard nut, we have to find ways to crack it. Above all, in western areas of China, there is surplus of electricity supply. So, cities that are thirsty for electricity may ask for remote help. Then, when we have electricity, we should remember to save it. Set your air-conditioners at 270C and you wont feel less comfortable than when they are at 260C. In fact, some factories already shift their working hours to avoid the peak time of electricity-consuming. My parents dont work from Monday through Friday as beforethey work from Sunday through Thursday and have/take the following two days off instead. This is also a way out, isnt it?3. We Need Humor(1). 幽默可以帮我们解决问题(2). 幽默可以使生活充满快乐(3). 生活中离不开幽默We Need HumorA suspicious customer murmured, “I wonder if this milk is fresh.” The quick-witted waiter answered, “Fresh? Three hours ago it was GRASS!”See? A humorous response may solve your problem.Someone asked a young artist, Did you sell any of your paintings at the art show? No, but I am encouraged, he replied. Somebody stole one. And years later he became world known.Humor may sustain us in hard times and bring happiness in everyday life.Once my neighbor told me that he shaves fifty times a day. Was he crazy? Of course nothe is a barber.So, my dear friends, remember, we need humor and try to be humorous in your life. Next time, when you are asked, “How can I stop water from coming into my house?” Say, “Dont pay the water bill.”4. 你的一个熟人下岗了，你给他写一封安慰信，并给他出点主意。以下谚语可以有选择地用于你的信中。(1). All roads lead to Rome.(2). All things are difficult before they are easy.(3). Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.(4). God helps those who help themselves.My dear aunt,Im greatly surprised and sad to hear that youre laid off. But please dont worry too much. All roads lead to Rome. I believe we will find a way out.I remember when I was a child, I had so many colorful and comfortable sweaters that I became my friends envy. Those were all your masterpieces. Recently I made a survey in the city where Im living now, and found that unique hand-knitted things are much more welcome than mass products. Would you think about taking up knitting as your second career? I know, all things are difficult before they are easy. We will meet some unexpected difficulties in the beginning. But I firmly believe that nothing is impossible to a willing heart. Maybe your product will turn out to be a name brand.My dear aunt, please do think about it. Ill lend you a hand. Take care.Your dearest niece5. On The Earth or into the Sky?With the Shenzhou No.6 successfully soaring into the sky and returning to the earth safely, Chinas space flight has stepped further forward. But there arises a controversy: does it merit all the large sum of money and efforts (put in to achieve the success)?Given the poor conditions in rural China, the children not being able to go to school, the husbands struggling to sustain a family, the old having difficulty living a healthy and happy life, some critics hold that the money, which has gone to the research of space flight, should have been taken better advantage of to improve peoples lives in the not so developed areas in China. They wonder what on earth the significance is to these people as far as the space flight is concerned.But tastes differ. Those who approve of space flight maintain that it not only indicates our countrys progress in science and technology but also benefits all of us in that it helps in other scientific areas, Additionally, to compete in the world, we have to invest in space exploration to win worldwide attention and respect.6. Online Education(1). 目前网络教育形成热潮。(2). 我认为这股热潮的原因是.(3). 我对网络教育的评价。Recently an online activity has become very in. That is online education. 68 online education colleges have been established in the past decade in our country.Why could online education be so popular in such a short time? Among other reasons, the quick development of internet should be an essential one, which makes all our dreams of attending class in a distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology is developing with lightning speed. To catch up with this development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. While on the other hand, due to the great pace of modern society, most people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aids.Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. Its indeed a helpful complement to the traditional educational means. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways to learn. Most of all, with online education, we can stick to our jobs and at the same time study and absorb the latest knowledge.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Test for National Civil Servants. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1)近几年兴起了一股报考国家公务员的热潮2)分析产生这一现象的原因3)你对此的看法是【思路点拨】本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出近几年社会上出现的一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析产生这种现象的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述近几年来报考国家公务员的热潮;分析产生这一热潮的主要原因;谈谈“我”对报考公务员的看法。【参考范文】Test for National Civil ServantsIn recent years, there are more and more people who have participated in the test for national civil servants. Millions of students choose civil servant as their most ideal occupation after graduation. And among them, the high-educated, like masters and doctors, take quite a large percentage. The craze in civil servant test has attracted widespread attention.The following reasons can account for this kind of craze. Above all, nowadays college students face great employment pressure. Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions in todays China, becomes their preferable choice. Moreover, in recent years, the welfare and salary of civil servants have been improved greatly, which undoubtedly attracts many people. Besides, the high social position of civil servants is an important factor drawing many people to take part in the civil servant test.In my opinion, this craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years. However,