初三英语专题语法感叹句反义疑问句.doc

广州卓越教育机构一对一 初三英语语法-感叹句&反义疑问句感叹句 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种。感叹句通常由what或how引导，一般各有三种情况：1What引导的感叹句1）Whata(an)形容词可数名词的单数形式主语谓语！如： What a new watch it is! 多么新的一块手表啊！2）What形容词可数名词的复数形式主语谓语！如： What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！3）What形容词不可数名词主语谓语！如： What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！2How引导的感叹句1）How形容词或副词主语谓语！如：How tall the girl is! 那个女孩多高啊！2)How形容词a(an)可数名词的单数形式主语谓语！如：How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊！3)How主语谓语！如：How time flies!时间过得多快！特别提示：如何判断用what还是用how？方法一：凡是有a, an开头的，多用what!方法二：凡是形容词直接加名词多用what!方法三：其他一般用how。感叹句的结构及特点总结类别结构例句What引导What +a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语What a silly question he asked!What an interesting story (it is)!What (+adj) +复数名词+主语+谓语What lovely babies they are!What beautiful pictures they are!What +adj. +不可数名词+主语+谓语What fine weather (it is) today!What good advice she gave!How 引导How +adv./adj. +主语+谓语How cool it was yesterday!How hard the pupil works!巧记小贴士：感叹句并不难，how或what置句首。名词之前用what,How后形副紧相连。主谓次序不能变，口语省略倒常见。二、把陈述句改为感叹句口诀 陈改感叹并不难：What或How置句前， 形、副紧跟how后，what(冠)要和形名连， 主语谓语在句末，它们省略也常见。三、感叹句解题四部曲（1）找谓语：先找谓语后定主语。感叹句谓语动词或系动词位于句末，如果找不到就是省略了。如：what a brave boy he is! How hard she studied!(2) 找主语：谓语动词前的名词或代词就是句子的主语，找到主语后，在主语前划线，把它与前面分离。如： What a brave boy he is! How beautiful the flowers are!(3) 判断竖线前的单词的词性：这一步是最关键的，必须准确判断出竖线前的那个单词是名词、形容词，还是副词。（4）确定感叹词，如果竖线前的时名词，则不论名词前是否有形容词都需要用What 或 what a/an, 如果竖线前是形容词、副词则用how。如： What a brave boy he is! How beautiful the flowers are! How fast Li Ming runs! 注意：如果竖线前的名词带有不定冠词a/an, 则用how。如：How good a teacher she is!即学即练一、单项选择。( )1. _ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way it is C. What a long way is it D. How long a way is it( )2. _ terrible weather weve been having these days! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What( )3. _ we have today? A. How fine day B. What fine day C. How a fine day D. What a fine day( )4. How _ flowers are! A. beautiful B. beautifully C. beautiful the D. beautiful that( )5. What _ work he does! A. harder B. hard C. hardly D. hardest( )6. _ careful our monitor is! A. How a B. How C. What a D. What( )7. _ picture it is! A. What wonderful B. How a wonderful C. What wonderful a D. How wonderful a( )8. _ I wish to pay a visit to Hong Kong! A. How do B. What do C. What D. How( )9. _ hardworking students they are! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How ( )10. _ exciting news! We will have _ long holiday after the exam. A. What an; a B. What; a C. How an; the D. How; the( )11. -_ lovely day! Lets go for a picnic, shall we? - Good idea! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a( )12. _ delicious the dumplings are! A. What B. How C. How a D. What a( )13. _ fine weather we are having today! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an( )14. _ good teacher Mr. Wang is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a二、将下列句子变成感叹句：1. It is quite a nice present._ _ nice present!2. We have fine weather today._ _ weather we have today!3. Its sunny today._ _ sunny day it is today!4. The children are playing happily._ _ the children are working!5. She played basketball wonderfully._ _ she played basketball!6. He sings well._ _ he sings!7. The fish is very lovely._ _ the fish is!提高练习一、真题链接( )1._ a nice watch it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a( )2. _ bright girls they are!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a( )3. _ interesting the film is!A. What B. What an C. How( )4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk.A. How a B. How C. What a D. What( )5. _ hard work it is!A. How B.What C. What a D. What an( )6. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine( )7. fine weather today! Go out for a walk? A. What; Why not B. What; What about C. How; dont we D. What a; Shall we( )8. terrible weather we had last Sunday! A. What B. What a C. Such D. How( )9. Look! Building the Bird Nest (鸟巢)is! A. What a great B. What great C. How a great D. How great二、How型和What型感叹句的互换（1）It is a big fish. What _ ! How _ !(2) The meat is very dear. What _ ! How _ !（3）Tina is a nice girl. What _ ! How _ ! (4) The air is nice and clean. What _ ! How _ ! (5) The information is important. What _ !How _ !注意：what感叹句中单数可数名词前一般为不定冠词a/an, 而不用the, 转换成how 感叹句时，该名词前一般用定冠词the, 以表示特指。巩固练习一，单项选择( )1. _ a nice watch it is!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. How a( )2. _ bright girls they are!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a( )3. _ interesting the film is!A. WhatB. What anC. HowD. How a( )4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk.A. How a B. HowC. What aD. What( )5. _ hard work it is!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an( )6. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine( )7. _ great day July 1,1997 will be!A. How a B. What aC. HowD. What( )8. _ expensive trousers!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. What an( )9. _ girl she is!A. What bright aB. How a brightC. How bright aD. What bright( )10. _ weather we have today!A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine反意疑问句陈述部分附加疑问部分例句附加问句的肯定与否定含hardly, few, little, no,Not, never, nobody, nothingSeldom, rarely, nowhere等否定词或半否定词肯定式Nobody came here just now, did they?Theres little rice at home, is there?由no one, nobody, one, Nothing, neither等作宾语多用肯定式也可用否定式Peter has nothing to say, does(nt) he?You got nothing from her, did(nt) you?含有un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less等否定前、后缀构成的派生词否定形式Thats unfair, isnt it?The boy is hopeless, isnt he?一些特殊句式的附加疑问句I am .I am not.arent Iam IIm your friend, arent I?Im not your friend, am I?Lets （表示建议，包括说话者）shall we(shant we)Lets sing an English song, shall we?Let us (表示允许，不包括说话者）will youLet us make it by ourselves, will you?Let me/him/themwill youLet me do it again, will you?表示邀请、请求的祈使句will / wont youCome here this evening, will you?You will speak English, wont you?否定的祈使句（表示请求）will/can youDont make a noise, will/can you?感叹句用一般现在时be的形式What fine weather, isnt it/并列句与邻近的分句一致Mary is a nice girl, but she doesnt likeEnglish, does she?主从复合句多与主句的主谓语一致Jim wouldnt go if it rained, would he?I dont think/believe/guess.+宾语从句与从句的主谓语一致，且用肯定形式I dont think this story is funny, is it?I dont think you have heard of him before, have you? 1 反意疑问句一般由“助动词+人称代词”构成。陈述句的动词若是肯定，附加问句的动词要用否定；反之，就用肯定。不过前后时态要一致，其前后主语必须指同一人或同一事物。2 附加问句部分与陈述部分谓语不一致的情况：（1） 陈述部分谓语动词have不作“有”讲时，附加部分谓语有do的适当形式。They all had a good time, didnt they?We have to say goodbye, dont we?（2） 陈述部分need/dare作实义动词时，附加部分谓语用do的适当形式。He needs a lot of money, doesnt he?反义疑问句经典考题( )1、You were on the farm yesterday, _ you? A. didnt B. dont C. cant D. werent( )2、Dont close the window, _ you? A. did B. will C. was D. wont( )3、Lets go shopping, _ we? A. shall B. will C. was D. is( )4、Joans late for school,_? A. wasnt she B. hasnt she C. isnt she D. doesnt she( )5、The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon, _. A. does it B. doesnt it C. will it D. wont it( )6、The sick mans allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. has he D. hasnt he( )7、There are few people on the playground, _? A. are there B. are they C. has he D. hasnt he( )8、Tom could hardly work out the maths problem, _ he? A. couldnt B. could C. didnt D. did( )9、Lets go to the island, _? A. wont you B. will you C. shall we D. will we( )10、Dont forget to give Polly some food and change he water, _? A. will you B. shall we C. wont you D. do you( )11、The poor man needs our help, _ he? A. need B. neednt C. does D. doesnt( )12、Hes never watched such an important watch, _? A. hasnt he B. has he C. isnt he D. is he( )13、You have few friends, _? A. havent you B. have you C. you have D. you havent( )14、Tom has supper at school, _? A. hasnt he B. has he C. doesnt D. does he( )15、Hes almost finished _ the book, _ he? A. reading, isnt B. to read, isnt C. reading, hasnt D. to read, hasnt( )16、There are few people on that village, _ there? A. did B. does C. was D. are( )17、She is too young to go to school, _ she? A. didnt B. does C. wasnt D. is( )18、John had to join a long queue to get a tick