广州深圳牛津版7年级初一下英语U.docx

U6 Electricity all around课前热身你能给我一包电吗？她不能买像糖果一样包好的电。它（电）流过电线。在某种程度上，它就像水。他们（电线）被链接到地下的电缆。【课文】【词汇必会】电池_ 谈话_ 厨灶_ 电_冰箱_ 瞬间_ 规则_ 电线_连接_ 锁上_ 回答_ 测试_使整洁_ 触摸_ 愚蠢的_ 任何人_ 空调_ 确认_ 电缆_ 灯泡_袋子_词汇精讲1. a_ pron. 任何人；任何一个(1) 表示“某人”，常用于_ 、 _，用以代替someone / somebody (常译为：什么人、谁)表示“任何人”，可用于肯定句 (也可用于其它句型)：Did anybody hear of such a thing? 有谁听说过这样的事吗? Dont owe anybody a penny. 不要欠任何人一分钱。I can do it if anybody can. 如果有谁能干这事，我也能。(2) 用作主语，谓语动词用_；若需用代词代替，可用单数 _ (正式)或复数_(非正式)均可：If anybodyanyone comes, ask him them to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。(3) 受形容词修饰时，形容词应置于_：Have you seen _? 你见过名人吗?(4) anyone只能指人，且不和介词of连用：Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。2. b_ n.电池,蓄电池 搭配词组：_ 换电池 _ 给蓄电池充电 _ 干电池3. c_ n.缆绳，绳索；电学电缆 _ 有线电视4. c_ v.连接(1).表示“连接”，通常与介词_, _连用。如：Will you _? 请你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗? Please _ the hose _ the faucet. 请把胶皮管套在水龙头上。【注】有时可用连词 and 代替介词 with, to。如：A railway _. 北京和上海之间有铁路相连。(2). 下列情况，通常用介词 with。 表示关系方面的“联系”时：Hes connected with our school. 他与我们学校有联系。He is connected with the Smiths. 他与史密斯家有姻亲。Mathematics is connected with astronomy. 数学与天文学有联系。 表示汽车、火车、飞机等交通方面的“相通”、“衔接”时：The trolleybus connects here with a bus for the airport. 这辆无轨电车与开往机场的公共汽车衔接。This early bus from the village connects with the 8:30train. 这辆从村里开来的早班车与8:30的火车衔接。表示物理连接的时候一般用介词“to”。5. c_ n.炊具 在美语中通常说“stove” 6. c_ n.对话短语： _ 与某人交谈 _ 与某人攀谈 _ 正在交谈 _ 没话找话说练习： _ 为了打破僵局,我开始没话找话说。Shes so cute! To attract her attention, I try to _.I _, so would you mind if I call you later?7. f_ adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的，可笑的 foolish stupid silly的区别(1) foolish指“无头脑的”、“缺乏常识的”、“缺乏判断能力的”。例如： It was a foolish thing to pick a fight with his neighbor. 和他的邻居找碴儿打架是一件蠢事。 He is foolish to throw away such a chance. 他真蠢，丢掉了这么一个机会。 It is foolish of you to say so (you are foolish to say so). 你说这话真蠢。(2) Silly指“头脑简单瓣、不懂事的”、“傻头傻脑的”。例如： Dont be silly! 别傻！ Stop asking such silly questions！别再问这样傻的问题了！ It was silly of you (You were silly)to trust him.你真傻竟相信了他。 Silly有时带感情色彩。例如： You silly child.你这个傻孩子。（并无太多的贬意）(3) Stupid指“智力差的”、“反应迟钝的”。例如： Mary made a stupid mistake. 玛丽犯了一个笨拙的错误。 He is very stupid in learning maths. 他学数学很笨。 Henry is too stupid to understand such a complicated problem. 亨利太笨了，他不理解这么复杂的问题。 概括起来，foolish相当于汉语的“愚蠢”，stupid相当于“笨”，silly相当于“傻”。8. i_ vt.识别，认出；确定；使参与；把看成一样 vi.确定；认同(1) 辨认；识别；认出；鉴定；验明；确定： He identified his baggage among hundreds of others. 他在几百件行李中认出了自己的行李。to identify handwriting鉴定笔迹We need a doctor to identify the corpse.我们需要一名医生来验明尸体。(2) _ 使等同于；把看做一致)： Never _千万不要把财富等同于幸福。He always _ 他总是把别人的幸福看作自己的幸福。9. m_ n.瞬间，片刻；时刻 词组 for a moment 稍等片刻，过了一会儿for the moment 在那时，强调某时间点 in a moment 片刻，一眨眼 at any moment 随时；马上；即刻 at the moment 此刻；目前；眼下 a moment ago 表示刚才发生的事情10. r_ n.规则，规定；统治，支配；章程 vt.& vi.控制，支配；判定；裁定(1) 用作名词 规则；规定；章程；条例 breaking this rule 行事准则；指导方针；应做的事An important rule is to drink plenty of water during any flight.一条重要的原则就是每次坐飞机都要多喝水。(2) 用作动词: 统治He _.他统治了这个国家8个月.the long line of feudal lords who had ruled over this land.曾经统治这片土地的历代封建领主11.r_ v&n.回复，回答(1) 答,答覆,回答,应答,答辩I asked her why she did it, but she did not reply.我问她为什么那样做,但是她没有回答(2) _ 对 回答,答覆I wont _ this letter.我不想回覆这封信(3) 对于攻击等 应对,应战,应付,对付They replied to the enemys attack with heavy gunfire.他们以猛烈的炮火对付 回敬 敌人的攻击reply和answer的联系与区别.两者均可表示“回答”，但answer属常用词，多用于一般性应答，而 reply 则较正式，多指经过考虑而做出答复。如：He answered my letter. 他给我回了信。(指他在信中说信已收到)He replied to my letter. 他给我回了信。(指他在信中把我提出的问题都作出回答)若不细分，两者可换用。如：I was so nervous that I couldnt answer reply. 我紧张得没作回答。 .answer 除表示“回答”外，还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应等(常与 telephone, door, bell, door-bell 等连用)。但 reply 不能这样用。如：Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话?A little girl answered the door. 一个小女孩应声去开门。Nobody answered my call for help. 没有人理会我的呼救.两者除用作动词外，都可用作名词。要表示“对的回答(答复，答案)”等，其后均接介词 to (不用 of)。如：Have you had an answer to your letter? 你寄出的信有回音没有?I received no reply to my request. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。12. t_ vt.& vi.使整洁；弄整齐；使有条理；整理，收拾 adj.整洁的，整齐的 词组：_ 收拾，整理 _ 把某物收拾好 翻译：_. 请你离开之前把一切整理好。 _. 客人来之前把这间屋子整理整理。13._ 一袋【拓展】基本量词词组_ 一点儿 _一张(一片,块) _一茶怀 _一玻璃杯 _ 一堆(一堆堆的) _一盒_一份,一本 _一碗 _一篮 _一盘_一瓶 _一脸盆 _一套 _一种_一种类型的 _ 一队,一组,一群现学现卖(1) We can hear laughter all a_.(2) I proposed to her but she didnt r_.(3) My words are c_ with my action.(4) What a dirty room! I give you 10min t_ it up!(5) I can i_ the murderer of this case.(6) I came to realize the meaning for a m_.(7) Thank you for letting me rule the people, your majesty.(8) Its really f_ of you to say something like that.(9) We can hear laughter all a_.(10) Dont lend money to a_.( )1. The Pearl River flows Guangzhou. A. cross B. by C. across D. through( )2. My father looked because I failed the exam again.A. angry B. angrily C. foolish D. fool( )3. Cars and buses must when the traffic lights are red.A. stops B. to stop C. stop D. stopping( )4. Im going to the supermarket. Does want ?A. anyone, something B. anyone, anything C. somebody, anything D. somebody, something(1) She couldnt see or hear _ at all. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. no one(2) I wont tell _ I saw you here. A. anyone B. no one C. someone D. any(3) Electricity flows _ thin wire A. on B. in C. through D. into(4) Of course, your computer should _ the Internet. A. be connected to B. connect to C. be connected D. connect (5) Your composition is well done_. A. on the way B. in a way C. in the way D. by a way拓展应用用单词的适当形式填空：1 Yao Ming is very tall. He is at _ (little) two metres tall.2 With this _ (electricity ) blanket, the grandpa wont feel cold in winter. 3 Its _ of you to buy such a dress. It looks so ugly (fool )4 The remote control doesnt work now. I think we need to change the two _ in it ( battery )5 Your room is dirty and _. I think you know what you need to do now ( tidy )6. A moment _(late), Daisy came back.7. Benny _(reply) “Can you get me a bag of sweets?”8. Can Tom _(speak) English?9. Electricity is very helpful, but we must remember the _(safe) rules.10. We mustnt touch the TV set with our wet _(hand) because it is dangerous.【短语】过了一会_ 一袋_连接到_ 电器_ 在某种程度上_ 确保_ 太阳能_ 引起火灾_ 关_ 开_ 收拾_ 洗衣机_进入之内_ 至少_词组精讲1. moment 可数名词, 意为”瞬间;片刻” 如：Id like to talk to you for a moment. 与moment 相关的短语：a moment ago 刚刚;刚才 如：He was here a moment ago.at the moment 现在;此刻 如：He is at home at the moment.wait a moment 等一会儿 如：Wait a moment, please.later 副词,意为”后来;以后”拓展at the moment 此时此刻； for the moment 暂时； in a moment 过一会儿； at any moment任何时刻2. a packet of 一袋不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。如：a piece of meat; a piece of paper; a glass of apple juice; a bag of milk数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词可数名词复数如：two glasses of water; three cups of tea; two packets of sweets ; three bags of pencils 3 . in a way 在某种程度上 on the way 在路上； in the way 挡道； in this way这边走； by the way 顺便问下4. connect 连接 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到 connect sth. to/with 把和连接起来.如：Turn on your computer and connect it to the Internet. The railway line connects Wuhan to Shanghai. 5. tidy up =put away6. provide sb. with sth. 供应给某人某物 如：The sun provides us with light and heat. “为某人提供某物”还可以用 provide sth. for sb. 7. “as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和一样多的” 如：I have as many books as you. 我和你有一样多的书.“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和一样多的” 如：My brother drinks as much milk as I every day. 8. share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物(1 )“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。如：Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事如：We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。【语法】情态动词情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。1. can的基本用法(1) 表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”。如: He can speak English. -Can you play basketball? -No, I cant.(2) 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用“may”。如： -Can we go home now,please? -No, you cant. You can only smoke in this room. 你只可以在这个房间里吸烟 You cant keep the library books for more than a month.(3) 表示“可能”，与may同义，表示推测。如： What can he possibly want? Anybody can make mistakes. 任何人都有可能犯错。 Youd better have your breakfast first.This meeting can last for a long time. 在否定句中，否定形式cant 表示推测“不大可能”。如： This news cant be true. 这个消息不大可能是真的。 与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用could 使语气婉转。如： Can/Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？ -What shall we do? -We can/could try asking Lucy for help. 我们可以请露西帮忙试试看。 You can/could help me with the cooking.2. may 的基本用法(1) 表示“许可”，如; You may/can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。 You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。 may not 表示按规定不许可(2) 在肯定句中表推测，“可能”。如； It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 The news may not be true. 这个消息可能不会是真的。 注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can。如： Can it be true? Who can he be? 注意：-May I /we.提问时的两种回答： -Yes, you may. -No, you cant/mustnt.3. must的基本用法(1) 表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。如; I must go now, or Ill be late. You must be here by ten oclock. 注意：表示“必须”时，must的否定式为neednt,或dont have to,而不是mustnt.如： -Must I do it now? -Yes, you must. -No, you neednt/dont have to.(2) 表示推测，一般只用于肯定陈述句，表示非常肯定。如： She didnt look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看，一定是生气了。 He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英语好，准知道这个词。 You must be Mr. Jones. 想必您就是琼斯先生吧。 注意：在否定句或疑问句中，要代之cant 和 can. 如： What do you think this letter can mean? 你认为这封信意味着什么？ It cant be father. He hasnt returned from work. 那不可能是爸爸。他上班还没回来。巩固练习1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must 2 They _ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you_. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 6 -He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt 7 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough. A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt 8 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it_ be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 9 He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 10 _ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 11 The children_ play football on the road. A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must12 You _ be late for school again next time. A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to 13 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not 14 His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to 15 _ I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustnt. You_read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 16 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 17 -Must we do our homework first? -No, you_. You may have a rest first. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. canEXERCISE一，选择填空： ( )1. Mum makes me eat an apple every day _ the doctor away. A.keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept ( )2. Im getting fatter and fatter now. What should I do, doctor?-Youd better eat food and take exercise.A.less;less B.more;more C.more;less D.less;more( )3.-What can I do for you? -Id like two _.A.packet of tea B. packets of apple C. packets of tea D. packet of apples( )4.Watercomestoourflats_pipesunderthestreets. A.acrossB.alongC. throughD.over( )5.AndyWanglooks_today.Heislaughingalltheway. A.happyB.happilyC.sadD.sadly( )6. The computer is connected _ a machine. A.at B. to C. on D. in ( )7.Our head teacher is kind to us and she is like our mother, _.A.on the way B. by the way C. in a way D. in the way( )8._youshowmethewaytothenearestundergroundstation? A.mayB.mustC.canD should( )9.Electricity_ourlifeeasier,Wemustsaveit. A.makeB.makesC.ismakingD.made( )10.Jasonputsomericeinthepotand_thericecooker. A.openedB.switchedonC.closedD.turnedoff( )11. I washed a lot of clothes. Who can _?A.tidy up them B. tidy them up C. tidy it up D. tidy up it( )12.I asked him twice. But he didnt _ my questions.A.answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to( )13.Thereare_syllablesintheword“chemical”. A.twoB.threeC.fourD.eight( )14. Jon:MayIhaveapacketofsweets? Shopassistant:_ A.No,itisnotyoursB.OK,hereyouareC.ThatsagoodideaD.Whynot?( )15.EarthHourstartedin2007in_. A.theUSAB.ChinaC.theUKD.Australia二，用同义词（组）替代句中的划线部分。1“Idontthinkitisagoodwaytoworkouttheproblem.”repliedMrWhite. A.saidB.answeredC.askedD.thought2. Dont look so foolish. It is a very easy question.A. silly B. happy C. clever3 .- Can I ask you a question? - Wait for a moment, Im coming.A.a long time B. a short time C. at once4. The boy is like his father.A.likes B. sounds like C. looks like5. You neednt finish the work today.A.dont have to B.cant C. mustnt三，完形填空ElectricityElectricity is very dangerous. (1) , it is also very (2) in a way.We (3) see electricity, but we can (4) it into different (5) of energy, （6） movement energy, heat energy, sound energy,light energy and so (7) .Electricity is a very great (8) . It changes our lives. (9) it, our lives will be very （10）.1. ( ) A.Or B.And C.But D.So2. ( ) A.hardly B.useful C.beautiful D.difficult3. ( ) A.can B.may C.may not D.cant4. ( ) A.put B.get C. turn D. make5. ( ) A.form B.from C.froms D.forms6. ( ) A.likes B.such as C.for example D.seem7. ( ) A.at B.in C.on D.into8. ( ) A.things B.invention C.job D.discoverment9. ( ) A.Own B.With C.No D.Without10.( ) A.easy B.beautiful C.difficult D.simple四，阅读理解A electric machineJanes mother was about seventy, so Jane and her husband wanted to give the old lady a nice present for her birthday. She liked drinking tea, so Jane bought a small electric machine for her. It could make tea and then wake people up in the morning. She brought it to her mother on her birthday,and showed her how to use it.Before you go to bed,put tea and water in it,”she explained to her mother,”and dont forget to turn on the electricity.When