中考指要四会A-Z.doc

A1. ability n.c能力 复abilities /have the ability to do sth.= be able to do sth.2. able adj.能够 unable 不能够 adj. disabled残疾的/the disabled3. abroad adv. 在国外,到国外 travel / go abroad (at) home and abroad国内外4. absent adj. 缺席的 be absent from/ be present at(出席) the meeting5. accept vt. (主观)接受 refuse(反义:拒绝) accept/follow/take ones suggestion(s) /advice receive(客观收到) a letter6. achieve vt.获得 achieve a balance between A and B achieve the goal(达成目标) achievement n.7. active adj. 积极地 反义inactive take an active part in activities = take part in activities actively(adv.)8. add v 补充,增加 add sth. to sth. in addition(此外)= besides = whats more9. address nc地址复数write down the bosses addresses10. advantagec 优点,优势 an advantage /advantages 反义disadvantage11. advise v.建议 advise sb. sth / advise sb. to do sth./advise doing sth. advice n.u a piece of advice What useful advice you offer!12. affect vt. 影响A affects B = A has (an) effect/influence on B13. afford vt&vi.买得起,能做 sb. can afford (money/time) /to do sth. I cant afford a car. = I can hardly afford to buy a car.14. afterwards adv. 后来,以后(单独使用) = later15. against prep. be against ones opinion反对 do sth. against the law put a ladder against the wall.靠着fight(struggle) against the enemy/against the wind (顶着风)16. agree v. 同意 agree with sb. (sbs ideas /opinions)/agree to do sth agree to let sb. to do sth. n. agreement reach / come to an agreement 反义disagree / disagreement17. aid n.帮助 the first-aid box18. alive adj.&adv. the people alive = the living people活着的 bring sth. on screen alive 栩栩如生地搬上荧屏 live/be covered live现场直播 lively生动活泼/make ones class lively19. allow vt.允许 allow sb. to do sth. /sb. is not allowed to do sth. allow doing sth. / sth is not allowed +地点状语20. alone adv.&adj be alone/ live alone = live on ones own = live by oneself /live on a lonely island lonely孤单的 feel lonely sometimes/ at times / from time to time21. along prep.沿着 walk along the street/road22. ancient adj. 古老的 in/since ancient times23. angry adj. be angry with sb. at/about sth. /be angry to do sth. look angry/ look at sb. angrily adv. anger n.24. appear vi.出现n. appearance 反义 disappear / disappearance appear on the stageappear happy general appearance 大体外貌25. argue vi. argue with sb. about sth.因为争论/quarrel with sb. about sth. 因为吵架 n. argument26. armchair n.c sit in an armchair/sit on the chair27. arrival n. the arrival of arrive vi./ arrive at小地点/in 大地点 = get to /reach vt. spl.28. article n.c an article on science / an article written by sb.29. asleep adj. be/fall asleep=go/get to slee入睡feel sleepy昏昏欲睡the sleeping child/the sleeping car(卧铺车厢)30. attack vt./vi./n攻击,进攻attack enemies敌人/attack sb. with a knife(gun) /be attacked by sb.attacker nc 31. attract vt. 吸引 attract ones attention n.cattraction tourist attractions32. August n. 八月 in+January/February/March/April/May/June/July/September/October/November/Decmeber33. available adj.可获得的,可找到的 sth. be available/have any available room 34. awake adj.醒着的be awake/ v. wake (wake/woke/woken ) wake sb. up / have been awake for 10 minutesB1. balloon n.c气球 复数balloons2. bark vi.(狗)吠,叫 bark at sb.3. be made of由制成(看得出)/be made from由制成(看不出) be made in spl. 在某地制 材料 be made into产品 make sth. out of sth.（材料） 由组成be made up of = consist of4. be used to . be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于 used to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to do sth /for sth.被用来做某事5. beauty n. beautiful /more /the most beautiful beautifully反义ugly/uglier 同义handsome(多指男士)6. beef nu 牛肉 Can you tell me how much beef there is in the fridge? prefer noodles with beef7. begin vi/vt开始,起初 begin to do/doing sth. /begin (end) with n. beginning at the beginning of sth.8. in the beginning = at first9. beyond prep. 超过 go far beyond10. biscuit nc饼干 复数biscuits11. bite vt ./vi bite/bit /bitten 现在分词biting12. blanket nc毯子put out the fire with a blanket13. blind adj. 失明的 the blind = the blind people/ the cases of blindness (n.)He is blind in the right eye. 14. blood n. u血a drop of blood /v. bleed/bled/bled bleed to death blood pressure(血压)/blood type(血型)15. blouse nc女衬衫 / shirt16. blow out the candles吹灭 blow away ones cap吹走 blow/blew/blown17. bone nc 骨头make medicine from tiger bones18. bored adj. (感到)无聊的be bored with sth.= be tired of sth. boring adj.令人无聊的 a boring meeting Similar: interested/interesting excited/ exciting surprised/surprising frightened / frightening19. boss n.c老板,上司 复数 bosses 所有格 bosss /bosses princess /princesses/princesss/princesses20. brave adj. 勇敢 be braver/the bravest adv. bravely n. bravery21. brush vt./n 刷子 brush ones teeth many toothbrushes22. burn vt.烧伤;烧 burn/burnt/burnt t adj正在烧the burning house 烤焦的the burnt bread 23. busy adj. 忙碌的be busy with sth ./be busy (in) doing sth. busier/the busiest busily business24. butterfly nc 复数 butterflies C1. cabbage n.u 卷心菜 eat some cabbage2. calculator n.c计算器3. call vt./vi call sb. 打电话call sb. sth. What do you call the cat?n. make a phone call call the police on 110(the 110 hotline) caller4. calm vi. 平静，镇定calm down calm sb. down adj. be/feel/keep calm5. camel n c 骆驼6. camera n.c相机,摄像机 take photos with a digital camera7. candle n.c蜡烛8. care vi./n. 在意，关心 care about /在意/在乎care for sb.(well) = take (good) care of = look after sb. (well) adj. be careful with money/ fire do sth. carefully / carelessly9. carrot n.c胡萝卜10. catch vt. 捉住，赶上，染上 catch/caught/caught catch the early bus catch up with my classmates catch a cold catch fire/ be on fire11. cause vt.引起/n.c原因 the cause(s) of = the reason(s) for / cause a fire12. celebrate vt.庆祝celebrate their forty years/years of marriage celebration n.c organize various celebrations13. century n.c世纪 复数centuries in the 21st century 14. chalk n.u 粉笔 a piece of chalk / get me some chalk15. chat vi.&n. 聊天，闲聊 be busy chatting with sb. online / have a chat with sb.16. cheer vi./n.欢呼 cheer sb. up / hear cheers from the audience/ adj. cheerful17. cheese n.u奶酪 a piece of cheese18. chess n.国际象棋have fun playing chess /cards /volleyball/badminton 棋牌球play the piano（西洋）乐器19. chest n.胸膛，胸部 a broad chest宽阔的胸膛 A bullet hit him in the chest.20. chicken n.c小鸡feed some chickens (on) rice n.u鸡肉eat some chicken （拼写）kitchen n.c厨房21. choice n.c选择 复数 choices have no choice but to do sth.22. choose vt.选择 choose/chose/ chosen choose A from B many books for me to choose from23. chopstick n.c 筷子 常用复数 a pair of chopsticks24. citizen n.c every citizens duty / the citizens of Yangzhou 扬州市民25. clever adj. 比较级 cleverer/cleverest be clever at sth. Its clever of sb. to do sth.26. clone n./vt. the first cloned sheep 27. coach n.c 长途汽车/教练 复coaches take a coach to spl.= go to spl. by coach 28. collect vt. 收集 collect stamps/coins a collection of stamps29. college n.c大学，学院 go to college / university n.c（综合性大学） a university 复数universities30. comfortable adj. 舒服的 反义uncomfortable adv. (un)comfortably 31. common adj.普通的，一般的 the common people/ a common teacherIt is common for sb. to do sth. (平常的)32. communication nc交流，交际v. communicate with sb.33. compare vt./vi.比较compare A with B Compared with the last question, the first one is easier.Comparing with the last question, Tom found the first question (was) easier.34. competition n.c竞赛 join us in the writing competition35. complete vt. 完成 complete the task/work36. concert n.c 音乐会37. condition n.状况 the health condition be in good/bad condition 条件(复数) improve the school conditions 38. conference n.c会议 attend a conference39. connect vt. 连接 be connected to/with n. have a connection with sb./sth. check all the connections40. consider vt. 考虑 be considered as/to be41. continue vi./vt.继续 continue to do/doing sth. = go on doing sth.42. control vt./n.控制control oneself过去时controlled / 进行时controlling be under control lose control43. copy n.c一本；副本 复数copies a copy of magazine v. copy new words44. correct adj. 正确的 反义 incorrect adv. (in)correctly45. cost vt. 值（钱），花费 过去式/过去分词cost/cost sth./It cost sb some money to do sth. n. work out the cost of the trip/The cost of the trip is high. It costs too much = It is too expensive = The price is too high. 46. count vt.&n.数，点数 count birds = do a bird count count from 1 to 10047. courage n.u勇气 have the courage to do sth. 鼓励encourage encourage sb (not) to do sth. 48. course n.c课程 The school offers a drama course.49. cousin n.c堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹50. cowboy n.c牛仔 复数 cowboys51. crazy adj.着迷的，疯狂的比较级crazier be crazy about sth./doing sth.52. create vt.创建 create humans/the world adj. creative n.ccreation /creator 53. crossroads n.十字路口 He was at a crossroads in his career.54. crowded adj. 拥挤的the crowded street/bus be crowded with55. cruel adj.残酷的be cruel to sb. / the cruel enemy/world比较级cruel(l)er adv. treat sb. cruelly n. cruelty56. culture n.c文化adj. cultural the center of culture= the cultural center 57. cure vt. 治愈（结果） treat治疗（过程）cut n. vt.切，割 cut/ cut/cut cut the flight short n. a cut in my fingercut sth. in half/ into pieces have my hair cut prevent people from cutting down the trees D1. daily adj.日常的 =everyday in our daily/everyday life 2. danger nc face danger be in/out of danger adj. Its dangerous for sb. to do sth.3. dare vi/vt.敢于，胆敢(dont) dare to do sth. = dare not do sth. Dare sb. do sth.?= Do sb. dare to do st.4. deaf adj.聋的 the deaf = the deaf people5. deal vi.处理，应付过去式/过去分词dealt/dealt how to deal with sth./sb. = what to do with sth./sb.6. death n. 死亡vi. die/died/died adj. dying/ dead已死的look after the dying man have been dead for 2 years7. decide v. decide to do= n. make a decision to do= make up ones mind to do 8. degree n.c度数，程度9. dentist n.c牙医 go to see the dentist to have the bad tooth pulled out10. describe vt. 描述describe sth. in detail = give the detailed description of sth.11. destroy vt. 摧毁 三单destroys过去式/过去分词destroyed / destroyed12. develop vi./vt. develop/form a (good) habit adj.欠发达的less developed /发展中的the developing countries13. diary nc日记 复diaries keep a diary14. dictionary n.c字典复 dictionaries look up new words in the dictionary15. difference n.c tell the differences between A and B be different from do sth. differently16. difficult adj. 困难的 It is difficult for sb. to do sth. difficulty n. do sth. without difficultyhave difficulty /trouble /problems with sth./(in) doing sth.17. direction n.c方向 run in all directions We drove off in the direction of the mountain.18. director n.c导演direct vt.指导/adj.直接的反indirect adv. a film directed by a famous director called Zhangyi Mou19. discover vt.发现，发觉 Who discovered America? Who invented the telephone? n. discovery20. discuss vt. 讨论，议论 discuss sth. with sb. discussion n.c have a discussion with sb about sth. be under discussion21. dishonest adj. 不诚实的 a dishonest boy an honest boy n. honesty22. disturb vt.打搅，扰乱 Im sorry to disturb you.23. divide vt./vi.分，分开be divided into24. dollar n.美元 复数 dollars25. doubt vi.&vt. / n. 怀疑doubt +whether/if 从句 v. never doubt /There is no doubt +that 从句26. dream adj /n./ / n. My dream is to be a volunteer. a dream homerealize ones dream=make ones dream come true vt.&vi dream/dreamt/dreamt dream about/of doing sth.27. dress n.连衣裙；套裙；vt.给穿衣服 wear a dress / tie dress sb in a dress sb be dressed in +衣服/颜色28. dried adj.干缩的，干的dried biscuits/fruit 29. drive vt.&vi.驾驶 drive/drove/driven driver n.c司机30. drop vt.使落下，扔 vi.下降，降低dropped/dropped/droppingdrop litter everywhere/ carelessly The temperature will drop below zero degree.31. drug n.u药，药物；毒品 take drugs32. duty n.c 职责，义务复duties It is every citizens duty to do sth.E1. east(n.) - adj. eastern in the east = in the eastern part2. early(adj.) early(adv.) take / catch an early bus get up early3. easy(adj.)-easier-easiest an easy question easily(adv.) answer the question easily4. edge(边缘) the edge of the sky5. education(n.) go abroad for further educationeducational(adj.) an educational CD-ROOM6. effect(n.) have a great effect on sb.7. effort put ones effort into sth/doing sth8. eighty an eighty-year-old lady / on his eightieth birthday / in ones eighties 9. either pron. either of the twins adj. on either side of the river adv. Hes not good at math. And Im not, either.10. else what else/ something else11. encourage encourage sb to do sth12. end at the end of the street in the end=finally=at last by the end of vi. The film has already ended.13. endless the endless line14. enemy enemies.15. energy be full of energy = be energetic16. engineer the bright engineers death17. enjoy enjoy doing sth.adj. enjoyable an enjoyable trip=a pleasant trip18. enough adj. have enough time for hobbies adv. be energetic enough to complete all the work19. enter =go/come into enter the cinema=come/go into the cinemaentrance n. at the entrance to the supermarket20. especially(尤其) envelop(信封) eraser(橡皮)21. even be even fatter22. event cover the big event live immediately23. evening in the evening/ on the evening of December 1st24. exam pass/fail an exam25. example for example / set an example / follow his example26. excellent an excellent chance to learn team spirit27. exciting be excited at/about the exciting news / hear the excited shouts excitement(n.) jump and scream with excitement/joy28. exercise v. exercise twice a week=take exercise twice a week n. do lots of English exercises every day do morning/eye exercises 29. excuse find an excuse/ make an excuse for 30. expensive -cheap31. experience a teacher of experience=an experienced teacher32. experiment do an experiment in the laboratory33. explain explain everything to us / explain to sb + 从句34. eyesight have poor eyesight F1. face face difficulty2. fact in fact 3. factory factories/ in the factory -on the farm4. fail fail the exam / fail to do sth 5. fairunfair Its fair/unfair of him to say so.6. fall fell-fallen fall asleep/ fall in love with in the fall(n.)7. famous be famous for sth/ be famous as. 8. fan a football fan9. fantastic have a fantastic/good/wonderful/great time10. far farther-farthest/further-furthest be far more enjoyable11. farmland keep taking farmland12. fashion be in fashion=be fashionable / hold a fashion show 13. fax(传真) feather(羽毛)14. fear look at sb. in fear15. February in February/on February 2nd16. feed-fed-fed feed sb. sth. / feed on 17. feel-felt-felt feel sick/bored n. feeling18. festival celebrate the festival in different ways/ on Spring Festival19. few The more carefully you do your homework, the fewer mistakes you will make.20. field in the field/run across the field21. fight-fought-fought fight with sb. for n. put a good fight with / against 22. fill fill with=be full of / be filled with 23. final n. enter the final adj. the final exam / make ones final appearance adv. finally24. fingerprint check the crime scene for clues and fingerprints25. finish finish doing / the finishing line / the finishing time 26. fire put out the fire / catch fire / be on fire / cause a big fire / be careful with fire / keep your hair away from fire 27. fireman pl. firemen28. first-aid the first-aid box29. fish n. different kinds of fish in the sea vi. go fishing30. fit adj. keep fit=keep healthy fitter/fittest / fitness v. 容纳，可装进 Your legs dont fit under the desk. / Id like to have a desk in the room but it wont fit. v. （形状尺寸）适合，合身 I tried the dress on but it didnt fit me. / The key didnt fit the lock. 31. fix fixto fixing/fixed32. flag watch the raising of the national flag33. flat n. live in a flat on a busy street34. flight during his first flight v. fly-flew-flown begin taking flying lessons35. float prevent it floating in the air36. flood prevent flood37. floor live on the third floor Which floor do you live on?38. flower grow flowers 39. follow follow sb.=do sth after sb. 40. foot pl. feet football field41. force the force of42. foreign foreign countries43. forest walk through the forest / cut down the forest 44. forget-forgot-forgotten forget to do sth. forget doing sth.45. fork(叉) frog(青蛙) fox-foxes(狐狸)46. form fill in the form47. forty four / fourth fourteen / fourteenth / fortieth 48. forward look forward to sth/doing.49. fruit 50. free a free magazine get a magazine for free51. French a French city speak French two Frenchmen 52. fresh fresh air / water 53. Friday on Friday morning54. fridge the food in the fridge55. friend adj. be (un)friendly to .56. friendship the friendship between us57. frighten frighten the birds adj. be frightened of58. from time to time=at times=someti