2012年下半年模拟题.doc

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试Model Test TenPartReading Comprehension （30%）Directions：There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage：Scientists have used scans to shed more light on how the brain deals with the memory of unpleasant events during sleep.The University of California, Berkeley team showed emotional images to volunteers, then scanned them several hours later as they saw them again. (76) Those allowed to sleep in between showed less activity in the areas of the brain linked to emotion. Instead, the part of the brain linked to rational thought was more active. Most people have to deal with traumatic (创伤的) events at some point in their lives, and, for some, these can produce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), leaving them emotionally disturbed long after the event itself.There is significant evidence that the 20 percent of sleep in which we dream, also called REM sleep, plays a role in the processing of recent memories, and researchers believe that better understanding of this could eventually help PTSD patients.The researchers recruited 35 volunteers, splitting them into two groups. After showing them 150 images designed to provoke an emotional reaction, half were allowed a good nights sleep. While inside an MRI scanner to map blood flow in the brain - a good way to work out which regions are most active - the volunteers were shown the images a second time. Those who had slept properly had less activity in the amygdala, a part of the brain associated with heightened emotions, and more activity in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region linked to more rational thinking. (77) The non-sleepers reported a far more emotional response to seeing the pictures again.The scientists believe that chemical changes in the brain during REM sleep may help explain how the body makes this change. Dr Matthew Walker, who led the study, said: We know that during REM sleep there is a sharp decrease in norepinephrine, a brain chemical associated with stress. “By reprocessing previous emotional experiences in this neurochemically safe environment of low norepinephrine during REM sleep, we wake up the next day, and those experiences have been softened in their emotional strength. We feel better about them, we feel we can cope.” 1. What is the main idea of the passage？A. How does the memory of unpleasant event influence ones sleep?B. How do the sons of the brain shed light for scientists in their research.C. How does the brain handle the memory of unpleasant evens during sleep?D. How does one react when he dreams of some unpleasant events?2. According to the passage, those who have to deal with traumatic events may _.A. be emotionally disturbedB. get confused with their feelingsC. be disturbed in their dreamD. get less active in their life3. According to the passage, what could eventually help PTSD patients？A. The good knowledge of REM sleep.B. The better understanding of dreaming.C. The role of processing memories.D. The research of the PTSD patients.4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A. The scientists feel they can cope with sleep better.B. The chemical changes in the brain can give a hint.C. Those who had slept properly function all well.D. The non-sleepers react more stupidly than before.5. What does the word “softened” in the fifth paragraph probably mean？A. stressedB. enforcedC. disappearedD. easedPassage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage：Heres a pop quiz: What foods are best to eat before an important test? When is the best time to review the toughest material? A growing body of research on the best study techniques offers some answers.(78) Chiefly, testing yourself repeatedly before an exam teaches the brain to regain and apply knowledge from memory. The method is more effective than re-reading a textbook, says Jeffrey Karpicke, an assistant professor of psychological sciences at Purdue University. If you are facing a test on the digestive (消化的) system, he says, practice explaining how it works from start to finish, rather than studying a list of its parts. Sleep also plays a role in test performance, but in two unexpected ways. Review the toughest material right before going to bed the night before the test. That approach makes it easier to recall the material later, says Dan Taylor, director of a sleep-and-health-research lab at the University of North Texas in Denton. And dont wake up earlier than usual to study; this could interfere with the rapid-eye-movement sleep that aids memory, he says.Everybody knows you should eat breakfast the day of a big test. High-carb(低糖), high-fiber (高纤维), slow-digesting foods like oatmeal (燕麦) are best, research shows. But what you eat a week in advance matters, too. When 16 college students were tested on attention and thinking speed, then fed a five-day high-fat, low-carb diet heavy on meat, eggs, cheese and cream and tested again, their performance declined. The students who ate a balanced diet that included fruit and vegetables, however, held steady, says Cameron Holloway, a senior clinical researcher at the University of Oxford. The brain requires a constant supply of energy and has only a limited backup battery, he says.While many teens insist they study better while listening to music or texting their friends, research shows the opposite: Information reviewed amid distractions is less likely to be recalled later, says Nicole Dudukovic, assistant professor of psychology at Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. 6. According to the passage, what should one do if he will take a test on the digestive system?A. Re-read the testbook on it.B. Studying a list of its parts.C. Review the most important points.D. Practice explaining how it works.7. What could interfere with the sleep that aid memory according to the passage?A. Wake late than usual.B. Get up earlier than usual.C. Review lessons before sleeping.D. Go to bed at the normal time.8. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A. A high-fat diet can make student perform well.B. What you eat a week before can make a difference.C. A balanced diet can make student perform better.D. A breakfast before test is the most important.9. The word “backup” in the fourth paragraph is most likely to mean_.A. supportB. healthC. testD. technique10. What is the main idea of the passage？A. How can one get a high score during test?B. How can bad students perform well in a test?C. What is the best way to study?D. What is the right attitude to test?Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage：At the U.N. climate change conference in Durban, South Africa, theres a call to view the issue as a moral imperative (必要性). The man whos called South Africas green bishop (主教) says caring for the earth should take priority. Retired Anglican Bishop Geoff Davies is coordinator of the Southern African Faith Communities Environment Institute. Climate change is a moral issue and it must be met by the moral principles of justice, equity (公正), compassion, love. And that weve got to really realize, that weve got to put the wellbeing of the planet and people before our financial considerations.(79) The United Nations reports no other continent will be struck by climate change as severely as Africa. The global forecast calls for a two degree Celsius rise in temperatures in the coming years. But the U.N. says they could rise higher in Africa - possibly three degrees Celsius or more by 2050. Dryer subtropical (亚热带) regions could warm more than wetter areas.We in Africa are particularly concerned because the scientists are now saying that African average temperatures will increase twice as much as the global average. Already our temperatures have gone up 0.8 and we know the huge disruption of climate change already, said Davies. (80) He mentioned if African temperatures do increase by twice the global average the effects will be destructive. He called on the worlds major polluters to take strong measures now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For the United States to say, well, well start reducing emissions in a few years time - thats millions of tons of carbon that will still be poured into the atmosphere for the next 100 years. We cant bring that carbon back here. But we equally challenge the new polluting countries - China, India, ourselves, South Africa, he said.Bishop Davies said developed nations can help Africa overcome its dependency on fossil fuels. The developed world can assist the developing countries - and I speak particularly for Africa - can assist us with technical cooperation and financial support that is owed to Africa to enable us to leapfrog the dirty fossil fuel era into the new solar and renewable energy era, he said.11. According to the passage, the call at the U.N. climate change conference is to _.A. Realize the wellbeing of the planetB. Put emphasize on financial considerationsC. Regard climate change as a moral issueD. View climate change as a crisis12. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A. The rise of temperature is caused by the worlds major polluters.B. Africa faces the most serious climate change in the world.C. The disruption of climate change may cause the disappearance of Africa.D. African average temperatures will rise two degree Celsius.13. What can the developed countries help with the developing ones?A. Provide technical cooperation and financial support.B. Supply more new solar and renewable energy.C. Overcome the influence of climate change.D. Make use of its dependency on fossil fuels.14. What does the word “leapfrog” in the fourth paragraph probably mean？A. OverlookB. PermitC. Work outD. Enter quickly 15. What is the main idea of the passage？A. Developed countries should help Africa.B. Developing countries needs supports.C. Climate change is causing global warming.D. Caring for the earth should take priority.Part Vocabulary and Structure （30%）Directions：In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentences. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day. A.Several million B.Many millions C.Several millions D.Many million17. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons for the day.A.finishing B.finished C.had finished D.went finished18. George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was_ Sunday because everybody was at_ church.A./；the B.the；/ C. a；/ D./；a19. How much she looked without her glasses!A.well B.good C.best D.better20.The traffic is heavy now, so Mike come late. Lets wait ten more minutes. A.canB.needC.mayD.shall21. I_ asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing. A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustnt have fallen22. Mr.Smith _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether he has finished it. A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing23. felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That24.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which25.I a bank account after I made1 000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered26.She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across27. With the economic crisis_ hand, and the unemployment rate on the rise, career planning will definitely benefit you. A. in B. on C. by D. at28.Wow! Youve got so many clothes.But_ of them are in fashion now.A.all B.both C.neither D. none29.Some insects the color of their surroundings to protect themselves. A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take out30. The storm left,_ a lot of damage to this area. A.causing B.to have caused C.caused D.having caused31.Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing. A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back32.The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to it. A.make the best of B.get away from C.keep an eye on D.catch up with33. How dangerous it was! Yes, but for the passer-bys quick action, the girl_ . A.was drowned B.would have been drowned C.had drowned D.should be drowned34. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_.A.one B. it C. this D. that35. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period. A.improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve36. This special school accepts all disabled students, _ educational level and background. A.according to B.regardless of C.in addition to D.in terms of37.Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared38. Could I speak to _ is on charge of International Sales please?A.who B. what C. whoever D. whatever39. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now.A.where B. when C. there D. which40. Was near the building, if I may ask,that Martin Luther King gave a speech I have a dream? A.where B.which C.that D.it41.I dont suppose she could have done well in the exam last week, she? , she almost failed to pass the exam. A.could；Yes B.has；No C.did；No D.couldnt；Yes42. Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them.A.I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize43. Mr Brown, with his sons and daughters, visiting a relative of his when the hurricane struck. A.had been B.have been C.were D.was44.What about the package of food? Youd better _ it at the service counter before entering the bookstore. A.allocate B.purchase C.deposit D.postpone45.We did have a quarrel about money last night, but now we have already _. A.taken up B.made up C.put up D.brought upPart Identification （10%）Directions： :Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. To save class time,our teacher has we students do half of the exercise in class and complete A B Cthe other half for homework. D47.My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice so expensive. A B C D48. The class were required to criticize that essay, and the grade of everyone in class would be A B C Dreduced.49. Never in my wildest dreams I could imagine these people are living in such poor conditions.A B C D50. Not the director but the actors wants to do what they can to collect money for the disabled. A B C D51. The young man always believes in however she says or she does because he loves her so A B Cdeeply. D52. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, of little foreign ownership. A B C D53.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, and adding that he had enjoyed A B Chis stay here. D54. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students would give two weeks to prepare for A B C Dthe exam.55. The film brought the hours back to me what I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A B C DPart IV Cloze （10%）Directions： :There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits i