初中英语语法讲解以及练习题.xls

第 1 页 共 167 页 2 7 点击朗诵外语 需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能 启用方法 先启用编辑 然后启用宏内容 2003版启用方法如下 工具 宏 安全性 低或中 重启文档 启用宏 不会启用宏 点击查看帮助 名词 专有 人 事物 地点 机构 Tianjin France the Great Wall Chinese 普通 一类人 事物 固有名称 个体 student table 物质 water air rain 抽象 动作 状态 品质 future help health 集合 class people family 表示的事物的性质 可数 a pen two boxes 可直接用数字计算的 不可数 ink work 用量数 of 表示数量 a piece of paper a bottle of water three cups of tea Here is a bottle of wine There are four glasses of milk I need a box of apples There are two baskets of eggs on the table 可数名词 单数 复数 规则与不规则 规则 直接 s maps bags 以s x sh ch 结尾 es brushes watches boxes buses 第 2 页 共 167 页 辅音字母 y 结尾 把y 变 i es cities families boys 以f fe 结尾 把f fe 变 v es knives leaves roofs handkerchiefs 以o 结尾 es potatoes tomatoes pianos photos radios 不规则 children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen Germans human beings 单复数一样 Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep 形式单数意义复数 cattle police people The people here are very friendly 以复数形式出现 clothes glasses shoes stockings trousers His clothes are over there 名词所有格 有生命的东西的名词 s 表示谁的 Tom s friends the students books the teacher s office the students reading room 表几个人共有一样东西 Bei and Rong s room is very clean 表各自所有 Liu s and Peng s mothers are both teachers 省略 避免重复 This is not my brother s glass but my husband s 第 3 页 共 167 页 表示店铺 某人家时 the doctor s office the Green s house the tailor s shop 指时间 距离的名词也可用名词所有格 Beijing s population five minutes walk today s newspaper 表无生命的东西的名词所有关系 用of 形式 The leg of the table the cover of the book 双重所有格 of短语 名词所有格 a friend of my sister s a picture of Mrs Wang s a picture of Mrs Wang 名词在句子中的作用 The teacher taught us an English song yesterday My daughter likes Chinese Linda was elected monitor We named her Beibei We would like to visit a car factory John David a famous America singer died in an aircraft crash 名词练习题 例题 Please keep quiet If you make a lot of you may disturb others 第 4 页 共 167 页 A voice B noise C sound D singing Would you like some drinks boys Yes please A some oranges B two boxes of chocolates C some cakes D two bottles of orange This is room The twin sisters like it very much A Lucy s and Lily s B Lucy s and Lily C Lucy and Lily s After playing football for more than a half hour the students took rest A a few minute s B a few minutes C a little minute s D a little minutes 1 There are fifty six in China A people B peoples C people s D of people 2 There is not enough in the corner to put the table A place B room C floor D ground 3 The new pair of which I bought yesterday is made of 第 5 页 共 167 页 A glasses glass B glass glass C glasses glasses D glass glasses 4 The Whites to China for holiday this summer A is going to fly B fly C are going to fly D flies 5 He told us he had some some two dogs and a cow on his farm A sheeps chickens B sheep chickens C sheep chicken D sheeps chicken 6 There have been a lot of in our city since 1990 A woman doctors B woman doctor C women doctor D women doctors 7 These visitors are from But they are probably not because they speak A German German French B Germany Germen France C Germany Germans French D German Germans France 8 They got much from those new books A ideas B photo C information D message 第 6 页 共 167 页 9 If there is a big football match several will watch the traffic A hundreds polices B hundreds police C hundred polices D hundred police 10 The old teacher is a friend of A my eldest brother s B my eldest brother C my eldest brothers D my eldest brothers 11 This book will be in your studies 2 A of great use B of helpful C with care D great importance 12 The teachers who are coming to us are mothers A Rose and Dick s B Rose s and Dick s C Rose and Dicks D Rose and Dick 13 Is this newspaper Yes it s my A today s father B today s father s C today father s D today father 14 The new shop sells clothes and shoes A women B women s C womens D woman s 15 It is about walk from here to the station 第 7 页 共 167 页 A half an hours B a half hours C half a hour s D half an hour s 16 What we are having today A the fine weather B a fine weather C fine a weather D fine weather 1 are going to England for a holiday A The Wang B Wang s C The Wang s D The Wangs 2 There are many in the school A women teachers B woman teachers C women teacherD woman teacher 3 turn yellow in autumn A Leaf B Leaves C Leave D Leafs 4 Will you please show me the way to the shop A shoe B shoes C shoes D shoe s 5 Help yourselves to some dear children A fishs B fishes C fish D the fish 6 hard work it is 第 8 页 共 167 页 A What a B How C What D How a 7 Do you believe that there are two in my class A Maries B Marys C Mary s D Marys 8 His family a happy one A be B are C is D was 10 My grandparents like very much so they grow some in their garden every year A vegetable vegetable B vegetable vegetables C vegetables vegetables D vegetables vegetable 3 冠词 不可独立使用 放在名词前 不定冠词 a an 定冠词 the 不定冠词 用法 a 一般名词 第 9 页 共 167 页 an 发音以元音音素开头的名词 a house a university a book an hour an umbrella an apple 1 第一次提到某人 某物 There is a ball under the chair Mrs Li is a math teacher 2 代表某类人 物 A horse is a useful animal Even a child can answer this question 3 表示每一的 Take this medicine three times a day 4 固定词组 平时积累 have a rest a long time a few a lot of a bit go out for a walk 定冠词 the 这个 那个 这些 那些 1 特指某个人 某物 谈话双方都知道的事物 重复提到过 的人 事物 They are playing basketball The ball is hers Would you please take the book to Mr Liu 第 10 页 共 167 页 There is a table by the window On the table there are some books 2 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 方位名词前 Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace The sun sets in the west 3 用在单数可数名词前 表示某类人或事物 The computer is a very useful machine The elephant is bigger than the horse 4 用在序数词 形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前 This is the first time he visits Europe He is the best teacher they have ever met She is the only teacher who has been to both America and Britain 5 用在乐器前 My daughter likes to play the piano 表球类 棋类名词前不用 6 the adj 表示某类人或事物 the poor the young the wounded 7 the 姓氏复数形式 表示 一家人或夫妇 第 11 页 共 167 页 The Greens are watching TV now The Wangs are kind to us 8 专有名词前 The Yellow River the Red Sea The people s Republic of China The Great Wall 9 习惯用语 in the morning in the afternoon on the right at night at noon at midnight 零冠词现象 1 表某一类人或事物复数名词前 泛指 Girls like flowers 2 国名 人名前 Mary likes to live in China 3 名词前已有this that these those my some any his等代词作定语修饰时 I have no classes every Sunday I have been teaching English in this school for eighteen years 4 在抽象名词或物质名词前 第 12 页 共 167 页 She and her husband both like music Tom likes the music of the film Paper is made of wood 5 星期 月份 季节 节假日前 I was born in November It is very hot in summer here 6 表头衔 职务前 This is Mr Liu manager of this company 7 三歺 球类前 Have breakfast Play foot ball 8 固定词组 Go to school work day and night go to bed by train India and China are of same continent A the B The the C D a What fine weather we have these days A a B the C D an Greens are on visit to a beautiful city in China 第 13 页 共 167 页 A a B A the C The a D the 用适当的冠词填空 不需要冠词的空白处填 X 1 The car is running about sixty miles hour 2 My friend is interested in science 3 Don t worry we still have little time left Hurry up we have little time left 4 John is cleverest boy in his class 5 March 8 is Women s Day 6 Greens will come to see you tomorrow 4 7 Here is black blouse blouse is hers 8 They always have bread for dinner 9 I prefer playing piano to playing basketball 10 harder we study more we ll learn 11 We can t see sun at night A a B a the C the D the the 第 14 页 共 167 页 12 Students often play volleyball in afternoon A an B the C the an D a the Is Canada English speaking country A B a C an D the 4 This is orange It is small orange A an an B an a C the D the a 5 UN report says that there will be standing room only on earth then A A the B A C An D An the 7 There is x in word six A a the B a an C an the D a a 8 Look fine weather it is today A What a B what C how a D how 9 Yellow River is second longest river in China A The the B a C The a D The 10 John Smith is of the two young men A strong B a stronger C the stronger D the strongest 第 15 页 共 167 页 1 What color is orange It s orange A an an B an the C an D an 2 Look good time the children are having A How B How a C What D What a 3 London is capital of England A the the B a a C a the D the 4 There re few mistakes 错误 in your homework Don t make same mistakes again A a a B a the C the the D the 5 Most of the students in our class go to school by bike every day A B the a C a D the the 6 Don t give up You can try for second time A the B an C a D 7 She took me by hand and led me into room A my a B the the C a the D my the 8 What interesting game it is It must be great fun 第 16 页 共 167 页 A an a B a the C the D an 9 The house in front of the river is on fire A B the the C the D a 10 He often says rich should help poor A the a B a the C the the D 11 What can you see by the lake I can see old man sitting on the chair 2000杭州 A a B an C the D 12 Have you had lunch yet No not yet 2000广州 A B a C the D an 13 One morning he found a bag There was s on the corner of bag 2000甘肃 A a a B a the C an a D an the 14 There s egg on the plate egg is for you 2000内蒙古 A a A B an An C an The D the An 第 17 页 共 167 页 15 Did you enter for 报名 进入 参加 high jump or 400 metre race 2000 上海 A a a B a the C the a D the the 16 old man in black has waited for you for half hour 2001汕头 A The an B The a C An a D An 不填 17 elephant is useful animal 2002汕头 A An an B An a C The an D A an 18 I saw story book on the teacher s desk book is Li Ming s 2003汕头 A a A B the The C the A D a The 19 There is man over there man is from Renhua and he is studying in Beijing University A the the the B a a a C a the the D a the 1 Sunday is day of the week A one B the first C first D the one 第 18 页 共 167 页 2 Which is the sun the earth or the moon A bigger B biggest C the biggest D big 3 There is a desk in his bedroom On desk there is pencil box A a the B the the C the a D a a 4 What good idea it is A a B an C the D 5 Yesterday I went to school on foot A the the B C a D the 7 Though he is rich he has friends A a little B a few C a lot of D few 8 There is a tall tree our classroom A in the front of B in front C in front of D at front the 9 September 10th is in China A Teachers Day B Teacher s Day C Teacher s Day D the Teachers Day 10 People often go skating in winter A B a C an D the 5 第 19 页 共 167 页 代词 人称 物主 指示 反身 疑问 相互 不定 人称代词 人称代词人称代词 人称代词 数 格 人称 主格 宾格 单数 复数 人称 I teach them English Do you want to go there with us Who is that It is me Who are you I am your new neighbour I choose you four The rest stay here She is from China Where is Liu Jing He has gone to France She bought a new watch last week but she lost it yesterday 第 20 页 共 167 页 It is going to snow 时间 天气 自然 距离 It is sunny today It is half past four It is not far from my home to the school Who is it It is me 指代不太清楚的人 Is it your new teacher 物主代词 物主代词物主代词 物主代词 表达所有关系 形容词性 my your his her its our their 相当 于形容词 作定语 后接名词 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词 名词 My students his family Their classroom is big Ours is bigger our classroom These books are not his They are mine There is something wrong with my car Can I use yours 指示代词 指示代词指示代词 第 21 页 共 167 页 指示代词 This that 时间 空间距我们较近的人或事物 these those 时间 空间距我们较远的人或事物 This that is a horse I like these but he likes those What I need is this Have you read those books That those 可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复 The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany This that 可用来表示程度 Is she that tall The book is about this thick That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分 He caught a cold That s why he could not come 不定代词 不定代词不定代词 第 22 页 共 167 页 不定代词 不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词 some any no none some any some用于肯定句中 He has some English books but he has not any French books Any 用于否定句或疑问句中 Do you have any paper and pens Would you like some coffee Some 单数可数名词 表示某个 Some lady asked to see you yesterday There must be some reason for this No none No not any 可数 不可数名词 None 主语 宾语 There is no money in the box No car is 100 safe None of them is are good at English 第 23 页 共 167 页 She needs some money but there is none at hand All my friends like music All my friends do not like music Not all my None of my friends like music Many much Many 可数名词复数 Much 不可数名词 She has many friends There is not much water in the bottle Few a few 修饰或代替可数名词 修饰或代替可数名词修饰或代替可数名词 修饰或代替可数名词 Little a little 修饰或代替不可数名词 修饰或代替不可数名词修饰或代替不可数名词 第 24 页 共 167 页 修饰或代替不可数名词 主宾定 主宾定主宾定 主宾定 数量相对而言 He has a few friends but he has few good friends There is a little water here you may drink it There is little time left please be quick We have quiet a few books to read 许多 We have only a few minutes left Very few people know about it There is only a little very little water in the bottle Both either neither 两者都 两者中的一个 两者都不 These tow books are very interesting I like both Both of them are right 6 第 25 页 共 167 页 Neither of them is good at English Here are two tickets You may take either of them Both her brothers are teachers Neither of her brothers is a teacher Both her brothers are not teachers Any none all 用于三者或三者以上 They are all tired but none of them will stop to have a rest I am free for the whole week You can come on any day All both 三者 两者或以上 All the teachers All of the teachers Both the teachers Both of the teachers Be 动词后 实义动词前 They all went there by plane 第 26 页 共 167 页 They are both teachers The friends have both been invited Each every 强调个别 强调全体 There are many flowers on each side of the streets Every student has to take the exam Each of children was given a cake The boys have five books each They each have five books Each of them the boys has five books One 代替可数名词 避免重复 Ones one s oneself I don t have a pen Can you lend me one There are two old books and a new one on the desk One must do one s duty One should not praise oneself Another the other the others 第 27 页 共 167 页 另一个 又一个 众多中 两者中一个 其余所有的几个 This sweater is too small Could you show me another one The boy has three toy guns One is green Another is yellow The third is black There are 2 foreign students in the class One is from France The other is from Britain There are many people in the park Some are singing Others are dancing There are 20 students in our class Ten are boys The others are girls 合成代词 Somebody someone anybody 看作单数 做主宾定 There is nothing in the box Nobody wants to read it 疑问代词 who whom whose what which Who 主 who will come here Whom 宾 who whom did you see yesterday Whose 定 whose book is it 第 28 页 共 167 页 What 什么 what are you looking at Which 哪一个 which teacher is your favorite teacher 反身代词 谁自己 self Myself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves The children enjoyed themselves at the party The cake was made by the mother herself 相互代词 表互相 Each other One another You should help each other in your lessons They are interested in one another s work The students barbers cut each other s hair 代词练习题 例题 It used to be apartment but now it s A hers mine B her mine C her my D hers my 第 29 页 共 167 页 The population of China is much larger than of Russia A this B those C it D that Is here No Tom and Jack have asked for leave A anybody B everybody C somebody D nobody Which do you prefer coffee or cola thanks I d like a cup of tea A Either B both C Neither D None 1 bedroom is larger than A Our your B Yours theirs C Theirs ours D Their ours 2 Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away They can t help us with the work Let s do it A ourselves B themselves C yourselves D myself 3 Look at the cat Washing paws A Its its B It its C It s its D It s it s 7 第 30 页 共 167 页 4 All the students have gone to the Science Museum except A her and his B him and me C she and him D he and I 5 will be sent to Germany for the training A I you and he B He I and you C You she and I D I you and they 6 The population of China is larger than of India A one B those C these D that 7 The players from Europe are taller than from Asia A those B these C that D they 8 He found impossible to work out the problem by A that ourselves B it myself C it himself D that himself 9 took us two hours to repair the refrigerator A This B It s C That D It 10 Who is singing in the next room 第 31 页 共 167 页 must be Mary A She B This C It D He 11 Hello may I speak to Peter Hello Peter speaking A I m B this is C that s D its 12 When shall we go fishing next week Saturday or Sunday day is OK You decide A Neither B either C both D all 13 There are forty pupils in Class 3 of them are Young Pioneers A All B Either C Both D Each 14 You can take of the two bags but leave one to your sister A each B both C neither D either 15 Which do you prefer coffee or milk thanks I d like some cool water A Either B Neither C Both D None 16 Is he interested in all the games No he likes 第 32 页 共 167 页 A all B any C none D neither 17 of us has been told about it so we don t know it at all A both B nobody C Each D None 18 The colour of Lingling s skirt is different from of theirs A that B this C these D those 19 Granny Li keeps one white cat and three yellow A one B once C one s D ones 20 Would you like a banana No thank you I ve already had A one B it C that D this 21 Can you see students on the playground Yes I can see A any a few B any few C some little D any any 22 If Lintao can t win the race does want a go 第 33 页 共 167 页 A else everybody B somebody else C else anybody D anybody else 23 Here are two letters Bob is for you and is for your father A one another B one the second C one the other D one others 24 After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV like to go out for a walk A another B other C others D the others 25 He s the tallest in the class means He s taller than in the calss A every boy B any students C each boy D any other student 26 Let s ask Jim about the Internet He knows about it A a few B few C a little D little 27 I can t give you any ink because I have left A little B few C a little D a few 28 A lot of climbers have tried to climb the Qomolangma but only have succeeded 第 34 页 共 167 页 A many B few C a few D much 29 May I use your pencil sharpener Yes I have two and you can use of them A every B all