There_be和have区别.doc

There be 句型与have的各种形式的区别 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人） 2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。 3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。 5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。 7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语？Exercise: I. 用“have, has, had”或“there be”填空 1. I_a good father and a good mother. 2. _a telescope on the desk. 3. He_a tape-recorder. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She_some dresses. 6. They_a nice garden. 7. What do you_? 8. _a reading-room in the building? 9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in the bookcase? 11. My father_an interesting story-book ten years ago. . 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in the vase just now? 14. How many students_in the classroom? 15. My parents_some nice pictures. 16. _a map of Japan on the wall yesterday . 17. _a map of the world on the wall. 18. David_a telescope long before. 19. Davids friends_some tents. 20. _many children on the hill tomorrow. II.用恰当的be动词填空。 1、There _a lot of sweets in the box. 2、There _some milk in the glass. 3、There_ some people under the big tree soon. 4、There _a picture and a map on the wall. 5、There_ a box of rubbers near the books. 6、There _lots of flowers in our garden last year. 7、There_ a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday. 8、There_ four cups of coffee on the table. III.用 “ have ”的各种形式填空 1. I_ a nice puppet. 2. He _a good friend. 3. They_ some masks. 4. We _some flowers. 5. She_ a duck. 6. My brother_ a new bike on his next birthday. 7. Her mother _a nice vase long before. 8. Our teacher_ an interesting English story-book. 9. Our teachers _a basketball. 10. Their parents _some blankets 11. Nancy _many skirts last summer. 12. David _some new jackets next year. 13. My friends _a football. 14. What do you_? 15. What does Mike_? 16. What did your friends_? 17. What does Helen_? 18. His brother _a basketball. 19. Her sister _a nice doll. 20. Miss Li _an English book. Answers：I1.have, 2.Is there, 3.has, 4.There is, 5.has，6.have, 7.have, 8.Is there, 9.have, 10.Are there，11.had, 12.There is 13.Were there 14.are there 15.have，16.There was 17.There is 18.had 19.have 20.There will beII.1. are 2.is 3.will be 4.is 5.is 6.were 7.was 8.areIII.1.have 2.has 3.have 4.have 5.has 6.will have, 7.had 8.has 9.have 10.have11.had 12.will have 13.have 14.have 15.have 16.have 17.have 18.has 19.has 20.hasThere be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be代词或名词(短语)地点/时间状语”。(其实质句式为倒装句)这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)there”构成。例如： 1.There is a desk and two chairs 2.There arent two chairs and a desk in the room.(否定句)3.Is there anything wrong with your ears？(Yes，there is/No，there isnt.)4.There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？(反意疑问句)除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There besb.doing sth.地点/时间状语”。例如：There are several children swimming in the river.河里有几个孩子在游泳。不难看出，各种时态的变化是通过be动词的变化来体现的。我们在使用过程中，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如：我们要说“明天有一个班会。”(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(）(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.()有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时，两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall.(地图为三班学生所有。)There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(地图存在于三班。)由此看来，There will have是错误的搭配方式。使用There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题：1.There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如：(1)There is _ on the floor.(2)There are _ on the floor.选项：A.cat B.water C.boxes D.football解析：(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知(2)应选C。2.如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，some，few，a few，many或用数词hundred/thousand/million，hundreds/thousands/millions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如：(1)There were_students in our school.A.hundreds B.eight hundredC.eight hundreds of(2)There is _water.You neednt get some more.A.few B.little C.much解析：(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，(2)由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。3.注意不定代词的用法。(1)不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词前面。例如：There is something interesting in todays newspaper.4.There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看做肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：(1)There is _ food.You neednt buy any.A.any B.some C.no(2) There is _ food.You have to buy some.A.any B.some C.no从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：(1)B；(2)C。6.There be句型还有就近一致原则：即be动词的数应与离它最近的一个主语保持一致。例如：用be动词的适当形式填空(1)There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.(2)_ there three oranges and an apple on the table?解析：(1)因为该句中an apple才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非an apple and three oranges是句子的主语，故而(1)的答案应为is。(2)因为该句中three oranges才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非three oranges and an apple是句子的主语，故而(2)的答案应为Are。There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There besb.doing sth.地点/时间状语”。另外，还得提醒一下同学们，如果要表达诸如“这里/那里(挺漂亮)等”这样的修饰句型，应用“Its here/there.”而不是“Here/there is”。中考原题1.Oh，there isnt enough _ for us in the lift.It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next.A.ground B.floor C.place D.room2.There _ an English Evening next Tuesday.A.was B.will beC.will have D.are going to be3.There _ a football game in our school.A.has B.will have C.will be4.There i