延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换.docx

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。例:Hehaslivedherefor6years.Youcankeepthebookfor5days.Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：twoyearsago;at5oclock;例:Hedied5yearsago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:Ihaventleftherefor3years.Ihaventheardfromhimfor3weeks.三延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave-beaway,borrow-keep,buy-have,begin/start-beon,die-bedead,finish-beover,join-bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构opensth-keepsthopen,fallill-beill,getup-beup,catchacold-haveacold,comehere-behere,gothere-bethere,become-be,comeback-beback,fallasleep-beasleep,getto/arrive/reach-be(in),leave-beawayfrom,gettoknow-know,go(get)outbeoutputonwear；catchacoldhaveacold等。例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.-Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.-Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.-Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.-HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.-Ihavehadthebookfor5days.补充练习：1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway2.I_theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4.MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Youmustnt_untilhecomesback.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft6.Themeeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover7.MissGao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught8.Ben_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became9.I_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned10.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead11.He_ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept12.He_thecarforaweek.A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad13.-Howlong_you_ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been14.Since2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom15.Illlendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take16.Thebus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen17.Areyou_thejacketthesedays?A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on18.He_foe2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup19.Tomisillinhospital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.c