初二英语写作教案.docx

一 步骤1 审题：审清作文体裁（类型）时态、人称等细节；2 列提纲（文章结构框架）：分几段，以及每段大体内容；3 写作：在提纲的基础上补充要点；4 复查：看查拼写、语法、标点等问题，靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等；5 誊抄：不允许做任何的更改。1.动笔之前，认真审题中考考试说明指出，书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2. 围绕中心，拟定提纲要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词，将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题。书面表达，内容广泛，题材多样，要弄清考题的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。如果是日记，要写清年、月、日和天气情况；如果是书信，则要注意书信的格式，注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。3.中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1) 格式是否有错。(2) 拼写有无错误。(3) 语言是否用错。(4) 时态、语态错误。(5) 标点错误。(6) 人称是否用错。二作文一般框架：文章分3段：（1）综述：概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；（2）正文主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3 个方面，每个方面最多2句话；（3） 结尾：紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。三技巧1. 上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间），使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。连接词1) 表示并列关系的过渡词：and, as well as, or 2) 表示转折关系的过渡词：but, yet, however 3) 表示时间关系的过渡词：first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that 4) 表示空间关系的过渡词：near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside 5) 表示比较关系的过渡词：in the same way, just like, just as 6) 表示对照关系的过渡词：but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though 7) 表示递进关系的过渡词： also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again 8) 表示因果关系的过渡词：because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result9) 表示解释说明的过渡词：for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually 10) 表示强调的过渡词：in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important 11) 表示目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, 12) 表示列举的过渡词：for example , such as 13) 表示总结性的过渡词：in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking 2.句型在各种之中Among various kinds of , e.g. Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular. 就我的看法；我认为In my opinion, = To my mind, . = As far as I am concerned, e.g. In my opinion, playing computer games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.根据我个人经验According to my personal experience, = Based on my personal experience, e.g. According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.俗语说得好：。Well goes an old saying, = As an old saying goes (runs, says),“e.g. As an old saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way. (A) 用下列方法 in the following ways.(B) 有三个主要理由。 for three major reasons.e.g. I build my confidence in the following ways.People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.换言之in other words, e.g. In other words, I will try my best to live up to my goal.曾经最的最高级+ 现在完成时Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 3.不会表达时(1) 迂回而行当汉语词义不会用英语表达时，可以想一个与这个汉语词义相似的几种词义。扩展思路，然后从英语中找出一个与其词义相近的代替。这样可有异曲同工之妙。(2) 小词大用汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅，但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用：take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。(3) 借花献佛有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题，记忆犹新，那么就可信手拈来，为我所用。注意事项1. 时态一致 必须注意所用时态符合上下文。如果用过去时叙述一个故事，就要保证通篇都用过去时，不要在作文中间变成现在时。同样，如果是在谈论普遍问题、现状或日常习惯，就要用现在时，而不要用过去时Yesterday I did my homework. It takes me three hours. His father thought he is good at math. 2. 主语一致 应该保持全文人称一致，这样读者才能跟随一个逻辑思维顺序。否则读者会感到困惑。e.g. Although you may fail the exam, he can still be useful to the country.3. 主谓一致/人称一致 确保语法正确。e.g. Things I hate to do is doing homework. Every people start to learn English.4. 词序/语序 它能够帮助准确表达作者本意并并避免意义含糊不清。注意要让句子尽量保持英语的表达习惯。e.g. I already have had lunch. She with her mum traveled to Italy In China, he knew there were big floods.5.避免词的重复。e.g. All in all, we had a