初中英语教学案例李铁军.doc

初中英语教学案例 英语沙龙（校本课程）可以这样发挥效能山东济南历城济钢鲍山学校李 铁 军电话-mail: 英语沙龙（校本课程）可以这样发挥效能一、教学背景本课为年级倡导，英语教师组织每周一次的校本课程英语沙龙（English Salon）内容，是英语口语训练。学生主要来自初一年级，每班5人，共35 名学生，学生英语口语较好，且对口语有强烈兴趣，时间是每周五下午第三节课，笔者把这节课的重点定为旅游图片赏析，不需要重视词汇与语法教学。二、教学思路本节课由呈现旅游图片引入，让学生用英语猜测描述。讲出对图片的感受、评价，教师在学生表述中先提醒他们对时态与第三人称的关注。为了让学生对本节课的重点内容达到熟练的程度及增强学习的趣味性，笔者又设计了对话，小组讨论的形式，这一活动旨在口头的训练，激发学生对大自然的热爱，对旅游活动的兴趣，对祖国的美丽河山的热爱，同时可以巩固一下刚学的时态一般过去式（7B Unit Four）。最后是对本课的总结。三、教学片段教学片段1：（图片展示活动的开始）目的：创造有利于学生学习的心理状态，形成积极的学习态度。T: Boys and girls. Lets enjoy a picture. OK?Ss: OK.T: What is it? Did you see it anywhere?Ss: it is a picture, it is a 石头。T：Any other ideas?Ss: There is a hole in the middle of the 石头.T: Thats right, but people can get water from it?Ss: Oh ，I See, It is a 井。石头, 井：Good, who knows 石头,井in English.Ss: 石头, stone , 井,well.( The teacher read them, the students repeated )T: You are great. But Can you tell me where you saw it?Ss: in Guo yuan ,Garden, Yangzhou. I went to see it last year.T: its true, I went there, too. So I took it there. What about the wall?Anything unusual ?Ss: Yes , The wall is different, like a bridge.T: try to guess , why did people build the wall so?(students feel puzzled, no one can give the answer )T: You can discuss in five groups , four in one group.(a few minutes later, one of the group put up their hands)Ss1: It is beautiful, like a picture, it is stronger.Ss2: People got water from the underground , It is underground water,The well is beside the wall, the wall will fall , I think .thus, the wall in thisplace is like a bridge, the wall wont fall easily.T: Excellent .you are so imaginative.(教师补充)Taken in Geyuan Garden in Yangzhou.1.It is a well.2.It is in a big house.3.It is in Geyuan garden in Yangzhou.4.The bricks are strange .because people gets water from the ground , so,It is the underground water .if too much water is got from the underground thisplace, the wall on it will sink and even fall. So in the past, our Chinese peopleare so clever, wise, great. the bricks can be moved and rebuilt without rebuildingthe whole house and the wall.（学生反应）Ss: I will copy it home , and ask my parents.教师发现虽然在前面操练的效果不错，但在进行口头练习时，错误的频率还是很高，一般过去式部分少数学生似乎跟不上。于是笔者先让学生把几个新单词写在黑板上，读给大家听，让所有的学生有思考的时间。教学片段2：（图片展示活动持续，学生提供）目的：激发学生的主动性，形成积极的学习态度。学生展出的图片是从海滨浴场拍来的，因为有些新的单词学生没有学过，因此，教师先领大家读了几遍，才让大家开始讨论。学生仍是五小组，讨论从图片中得到的信息。T: Oh, This is a sign, lets discuss it in groups. before we start, lets readsome new words. Available, power, property, refreshing Zone. Students askand answer.Ss: Read after the teacher.T: Boys and girls I would like you to enjoy the picture and try to get theinformation from the sign .Questions:1.Where can you see the board?2.What information can we get from the board?3.What should we do after swimming in the sea? Why?4.Can you imagine other signs here?Ss: 1.We can see it at the beach when the tourists enjoy the bathingbeach.2.Before the tourists swim in the sea, they can change their clothes in theChanger- Room, I they have no swimsuit with them, they can rent or buy them,they can keep their belongings in the Property Check. they can enjoy theBeach Motor if they are interested in it they can have a good rest in the beachRefreshing Zone.3.After enjoying swimming in the sea ,they can have a fresh water showerin the Freshwater Bathroom as we know the sea water is salty ,it can make youuncomfortable after you get out of the sea.4.Of course, other signs are available, such as Shopping Center, Toilet,Dinning room, Danger, No Further Swimming , ect .Ss: I have many pictures ,every year ,my parents take me to beautifulplaces, I like traveling very much.T: But why do people like traveling?Ss: We can see many interesting places.Ss: We can eat nice food.Ss: We can be happier, we can climb the beautiful mountains, visit thegreat cities, we want to be close the nature and so on.Ss: We can make friends.Ss：We can travel around China and even the world to enjoy the amazingthings.Ss: We can learn English, we can read signs in English. We can learn from the signs.T: Very good ,you are so clever. Next class , please bring more interestingpictures here, lets share them. OK?Ss: OK.四、教学反思个人认为，英语沙龙的目的主要是培养学生掌握并运用英语的能力，英语教学应该为学生创设他们喜闻乐见的合适的情境，给予他们充分的时间和空间，让他们成为学习的主人。作为一名英语教师，首先应该激发学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性，增强学生的记忆效率，以达到最终的教学目的。如果一味地采用传统的英语教学方法讲授语言规则，让学生脱离语言环境去做大量机械、枯燥乏味的知识训练，学生学习兴趣当然不高。因而，在本堂课中，我设计了两个活动，让学生在情景中练习口语，增强学习的兴趣，锻炼了口语表达能力。在活动的开展过程中，一开始我发现活动的效能还不如自己所期望的那样。例如，在活动伊始，我过高的估计学生的说的能力，学生不知道井，砖，石头，用英语如何表述，出现冷场的情况。大多数学生无法在头脑中对井的概念，很多学生没有见过真正的井的使用，有的甚至对言语组织存在困难。有了第一幅图片的铺垫，由学生提供的第二幅图片学生讨论比较热烈，虽然也有一些新单词，他们可以从英汉对照中得到理解，消除了害怕的心理，因此，活动的设计以及活动中出现的意外状况都需要设计者在之前进行周密思考及在课堂上的变通。现对如何发挥活动的效能作如下反思：（一）在备课过程中，教师一定要认清学生的英语实际水平。笔者在本活动的开始时，一开始高估了学生口语能力。在及时认识这一不足后，马上调整让学生看图，帮助学生解释想表达又讲不出的新单词，再想，再反映。后面活动延续下去较通畅，但大胆表述的比例似乎不大。笔者在课后与学生的交流中了解，学生只是对听讲的句子时态不太明确，基本上同伴还是听得清楚的。在了解学生听的能力这一真实水平，笔者认为在布置讨论时，事先预测学生所选用单词，时态，并让表述的同伴进行讨论，这样保证所有学生能准确地获取信息，听，说发挥了它应有的效能；同时这也保证每个同学都能练到，老师要求学生回班后开展用英语赏析图片的活动，推动口语教学的进步。（二）重视活动中微任务的设计在口语训练教学活动中，任务是无处不在的，即大任务中包含小任务，小任务中包含微任务。教师不能单纯的设计大任务，而忽视小任务，微任务的设计。正是由于它们的链接和点缀，任务才更易操作，活动的效能才能更好地发挥。本堂课中出现的一些学生在别人练习时，思想不集中，开小差的情况，正是教师忽略微任务布置的结果，让这些学生感到无事可做，有的在查字典。本课中，当我发现学生对井的理解并不像我认为的那样清晰，我很迷惑，学生对井应该了解，没想到事后几个同学告诉我他们只是在书上和电视上见过更不用说讨论它的具体情况了，相反，他们对标牌反而更有直接经验。笔者在课后想到，在让个别学生进行练习前，还可先把全班学生分组；学生回答时，本组的学生可以补充；其他组的成员可以找错。激起每一位学生的关注。这样就保证了所有的学生都积极参与到活动中；同时也让学生感受集体荣誉感，增强他们的集体主义精神。（三）加强活动中的即时评价。评价是英语课程的重要组成部分；科学的评价体系是实现课程目标的重要保障。活动中的即时评价，不仅能够活跃课堂气氛，还能激发学生自我完善的积极性，发展学生的各项能力。