八年级上册英语Unitnbsp;2知识要点（北师大附中2013版新目标英语）.doc

八年级上册英语Unitnbsp;2知识要点（北师大附中2013版新目标英语） 新目标教学讲义 八年级上Unit 21.exercise v. 锻炼 n. 锻炼，练习（不可数名词）exercise = do exercise do morning exercise 晨练do much exercise 做大量练习2.homework 家庭作业 housework 家务 schoolwork 学业 不可数名词do much housework = do lots of housework 做大量家务活3. hard : adj. 坚硬的，辛苦的 adv. 努力地 hardly : adv.几乎不 ， 本身表否定意思，和hard没有关系 Ex. He hardly does any housework at home. hardly ever : 几乎不= hardly 4. once 一次 once a week 一周一次 once a month 一月一次 twice 两次 twice a week 一周两次 n. 时间，不可数名词 time Ex. I have lots of time to do my homework. 频率副词短语 n. 次数 , 可数名词 , 表做某事次数三次或以上用time three times a week 一周三次 many times 许多次 Ex. I went to the park many times . every day 每天 every week 每周5. two or three times a week 一周两三次 once or twice a week 一周一两次 three or four times a month 一月三四次 three to five times a week 一周三到五次 到 to 或 or 6. use the Internet 用互联网 , 动词短语 use of the Internet 互联网的使用，名词短语 on the Internet 在互联网上 surf the Internet 上网冲浪7. program = programme n. 节目 Ex. What program do you like best ? = Whats your favorite program ? favorite = like best 最喜爱的8. adj. 满的 be full of 充满了= be filled with full Ex. The bottle is full of water. adj. 饱的- hungry adj. 饥饿的 Ex. Im full . 我吃饱了. 9.maybe : adv. 或许，大概may be : 情态动词may+be , 可能是 Ex. Maybe he is a teacher. = He may be a teacher. 10.at least 至少 Ex. He sleeps for at least eight hours a day . He exercises at least twice a day. at most 最多11. junk food 垃圾食品 fast food 快餐12. coffee 不可数名词 13. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的- unhealthy adj. 不健康的 healthily adv. 健康地in good health = healthy 健康的 keep/ stay in good health = keep / stay healthy 保持健康 a healthy breakfast a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 eat healthily 饮食健康14. the results of 的结果 as a result 结果 Ex. As a result , he passed the exam . 15. 百分数表达法： 基数词+ percent ( 没有复数形式) 20% twenty percent 百分数做主语时，谓语动词单复数形式看百分数后的名词单复数来定. Ex. Fifty percent of the food goes bad. Fifty percent of the vegetables go bad. 16. although= though 虽然，不与but连用 Ex. Although my grandma is old, she looks very strong and healthy. = My grandma is old , but she looks very strong and healthy. 17. through 内部穿过 across 表面横过 over 越过18. n. 心智，头脑，思想 （不可数名词） mind v. 介意 mind doing sth 介意做某事 mind sbs doing sth 介意某人做某事 Never mind . 一点不介意. 19. such a / an +形 + 名词单数 Ex. Thats such a beautiful photo . such +形 + 名词复数/ 不可数名词 Ex. This is such nice food. so +形 Ex. This food is so nice . 20. die v. 死亡 death n. 死亡 died adj. 死亡的 die - dying 现在分词 lie - lying 21. writer n. 作家 - write v. 写 22. however 然而 whatever 无论什么 23. than 比, 比较级标志 24. more than 多于 = over - less than 少于25. 频率副词：用于be / 情态动词/ 助动词后，实义动词前 always 100% usually 80% often 30-50% sometimes 10-20% hardly ever 5% never 0%总是 通常 经常 有时 几乎不 从不26. sometimes = at times ( 句末) 有时 27. how often : 多久一次，对频率副词和频率短语提问. Ex. How often do you go shopping ? I go shopping once a week . How often does he exercise ? He often exercises. how long : 1) 多久，对for+一段时间提问 2) 多长，对物体长度提问Ex. How long did you stay in shanghai ? I stayed in Shanghai for five days. How long is your desk ? Its one meter. how soon : 多久，对in+一段时间提问，用于将来时Ex. How soon will you come back? I will come back in three days . how many + 名词复数: 多少，对数量提问how much + 不可数名词：多少，对数量提问how much : 多少钱，对价钱提问how far: 多远，对两地间的距离提问Ex. How far is it from your home to school ? Its 5 miles . how many times : 多少次，对次数提问Ex. How many times have you been to Beijing ? I have been to Beijing twice. 28. go shopping = do some shopping 去购物29. adj. 免费的 Everything is free here . free adj. 有空的= have time - busy 繁忙的 Are you free this Monday ? = Do you have time this Monday ? in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间30. how come = why 为什么 Ex. How come you didnt tell me about it ? = Why didnt you tell me about it ? 31. have lesson 上课 Ex. We are having English lesson . 32. What kind of 什么种类的? 33. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于某事 34. want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事35. be good for 对有好处 Ex. We all know that milk is good for our health . be bad for 对有害处 Ex. Smoking is bad for our health . be good at = do well in 擅长于 Ex. He is good at English . = He does well in English . be good with 与相处的好 Ex. He is good with everyone in our class . 36. ask sb about sth 问某人关于某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 Ex. We shouldnt often ask our parents for money . ask sb for help 向某人求助 Ex. You should ask the police for help. ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth 让某人不要做某事37. be about sth 关于 Ex. Here is the results about their free time activities. 38. here 位于句首的句子要用倒装. Here are the results . 完全倒装 Here is +名词单数. Here are + 名词复数. Here you are . 部分倒装. 39. find that + 从句 Ex. He found that no one could answer the question . find + 宾语 + 形/ 名/ doing Ex. He found the room dirty . I found him a good boy . I found her standing at the door. find it + 形 + to do sth 发现做某事是 形式宾语 真正宾语 Ex. I found it difficult to learn math well. find it +形 +for sb to do sth 发现对于某人来说做某事是 Ex. I found it difficult for me to learn English well. 40. not at all 一点也不 Ex. I dont know it at all. Not at all. 别客气，回答Thank you . 41. do sth for fun 做某事取乐 Ex. We can play computer games for fun . 42. the answer to the question 问题的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙 the ticket to 的票 the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法43. Its +形+to do sth . 做某事是 Its +形+ to do sth . 对于某人来说做某事是 Ex. Its easy ( for me ) to carry it . 44. The best way to do sth is 做某事最好的方法是 Ex. The beast way to learn English well is reading . 45. spend + 钱/时间 ( in ) doing sth 花费做某事 spend + 钱/ 时间 on sth 在花费 spend time with sb 与某人一起度过 Ex. I spent weekends with my family . 46. start to do sth / start doing sth 开始做某事47. be smart about 对 明智 Ex. You are smart about your health most of time. 48. almost 几乎, 用于助动词/ 情态动词/ be 之后，实义动词前. Ex. I almost forget his name. 49. How many per