八年级英语下Unit6重点知识归纳（新目标）.doc

八年级英语下Unit6重点知识归纳（新目标） Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.重点知识归纳一.单词及扩展1. weak adj. 虚弱的,无力的 be weak in 在某方面薄弱 反义词-strong 2. god n. 神,上帝 goddess 女神3. remind v. 提醒,使想起 remind sb. + that/what 从句, Would you please remind him that our meeting has been put off.remind sb. to do 提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to post the letter.remind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起某事,使想起 I want to remind you of the school rules.4. bit n. 一点, 小块a bit 一点儿, 同意短语 a little, a little bit 后接 形容词, 副词 a bit of +不可数名词 一点儿. 同意短语 a little5. magic n. 魔术 magician n. 魔术师6. excite v. 使激动; 使兴奋 excitement n. 兴奋 exciting /excited adj. 令人兴奋的/兴奋的7.Western adj. 西方国家的 western adj. 西方的 方位+ern 构成形容词 eastern 东方的 northern 北方southern 南方的8. prince n. 王子 princess n. 公主9. fit v. 适合;合身 fit (sb.) well fit adj.健康的,强健的 keep fit fit. 适宜的 be fit to do 适宜做某事 be fit for sth. 适合.10. marry v. 结婚 marry sb. 嫁给某人,与某人结婚 be/get married to sb. 与某人结婚 marriage n. 婚姻11. gold n. 金子,金币 / adj. 金色的 golden adj.金(黄)色的二、重点短语 1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as . 一就.3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6. try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the journey to sp. .之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. put on 穿上10. a little b it 有点儿11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事12. give up 放弃13. instead of 代替;反而14. turn . . into 变成15. get married 结婚16. the main character 主要人物；主人公17. at other times 在另外一些时候18. be able to 能;会19. come out (书、电影等)出版20. become interested in. 对感兴趣21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事26. go to sleep 去睡觉27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地28. get lost 迷路29. change ones plan 改变计划30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事31. in the moonlight 在月光下32. find one s way home 找到某人回家的路33. the next day 第二天34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地三、重点句型1. W hat do you th in k about/of. . ?So what do you th ink about the story of Yu Gong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？2. It doesn t seem adj . to do sth .It doesn t seem very possible to move -a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. This is because.This is because he can make 72 changes to hisshape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。 so th a t+从句Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。5. It take sb. some time to do sth .Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。6 . not. . util十从句Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。三. 状语从句1. unless 引导条件状语从句unless 是连词,意为 “除非,如果不” unless引导的条件状语从句,同 if. not.e.g. I wont go to the party, unless Im invited. I wont go to the party if Im not invited.2. as soon as 引导时间状语从句as soon as 是连词, 意为 “一. 就.”e.g. He will report back here as soon as he arrives. 他一到达就会来这里汇报的.* as soon as 引导时间状语从句 需遵循 主将从现的原则.3. so. that such. that so thatso.that. 如此以致于.so that. 以便于，为了“so.that.”句型的意思是“如此/这么以致于”，常引导结果状语从句so. that.句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。e.g. The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him 在“such. that.”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此以致于”当名词前有many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so.that.”而不能用“such.that.”。e.g. He has made so many falls that he was black and blue all overso与that也可连起来写，即变成：. so that .(以便 / 为了)，引导目的状语从句。e.g. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air. 以“so.that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为“.enough to.”或“.too.to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件： 1. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。例如： The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box. The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box. 2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如： The question is so easy that I can work it out. The question is easy enough for me to work out. 3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too.to”来替换。例如： The girl is so young that she cant dress herself. The girl is too young to dress herself. 4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too.to.”替换“so.that.”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too.for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。 The bag is so heavy that she cant move it. The bag is too heavy for her to move.要点精讲：Section A1. begin v. 开始 点拨 begin为动词，意为“开始”，后面接to do不定式或V.-ing形式作宾语，即：begin to do sth =begin doing sth，意为“开始做某事”。另外，begin与start意思与用法完全一致。活学活用When did he begin _ (learn) English? 答案 to learn2. remind v. 提醒；使想起 点拨 remind为动词，意为“提醒；使想起”。(1) remind sb of意为“使某人想起“。如：It reminded me of the old days. 这使我想起了我过去的岁月。(2) remind sb to do sth 指提醒某人去做某事，其中的不定式所表示的动作尚未发生；(3) remind sb of doing sth 提醒某人（使某人想起）已经做过某事，其中的动名词表示动作已经发生。活学活用(1) 他提醒我去看这部电影。He _ me _ _ the film. (2) 他提醒我说，我曾看过这部电影。He _ me _ my _ the film. 答案 1. reminded; to see 2. reminded; of; seeing3. turninto 变成点拨 turninto意为“把变成”，相当于changeinto。如：Please turn this sentence into English. 请把这个句子翻译成英语。4. instead of 代替；反而辨析 instead of与instead(1) instead of是短语介词，后面常跟名词、代词和动名词。如： I will stay here instead of leaving. 我要呆在这里而不是离开。(2) instead为副词，常用于句末。如：Linda didnt go to Beijing. She went to Shanghai instead. 琳达没去北京，而是去了上海。活学活用改为同义句I dont want that blue sweater. I want this green one instead. I want this green sweater _ _ that blue one. 答案 instead of5. Western adj. 西方的点拨 Western为形容词，意为“西方的”，其名词形式为west，意为“西方”。与之类似的变化形式有：east (东方) eastern (东方的)；north (北方) northern (北方的)；south (南方) southern (南方的)。活学活用China is a famous _ (east) country in the world. 答案 eastern 6. As soon as the man finished speaking, Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. 这个人刚一说完，愚公就说在他死后他的家人会继续移山。点拨 (1) as soon as意为“一就”，强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的，后接从句。当主句是一般将来时时，as soon as引导的状语从句应用一般现在时。有时与单词possible相连形成as soon as possible，意为“尽快”。如：As soon as he finishes his homework, he runs out of the class. 他一做完作业，就跑出了教室。 (2) finish意为“结束；完成”，后面接名词或动名词作宾语，即finish doing sth。(3) continue意为“继续；持续”。表示继续做某事，其后既可接动名词也可接不定式，且意义相同。如：He continued to watch TV. =He continued watching TV. 他继续看电视。活学活用1. As soon as she _ (come) back, I will let you know. 2. Have you finished _ (read) the book?3. Mary continues _ (work) in her office. 答案 1. comes 2. reading 3. to work/working 7. The story reminds us that you never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，除非你尽力使它发生，你永远也不会知道什么事可能的。点拨 Unless意为“除非；如果不”，是从属连词，引导条件状语从句，含有否定意义，相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式。所以unless = if not。注意：unless引导的条件状语从句和if条件状语从句，与其它时间状语从句一样，用一般现在时代替将来时。 如：My sister never cries unless she is hungry. 我妹妹除非饿了，否则她从来不哭。 活学活用改成同义句。If you dont say sorry to her, she will be angry.She will be angry _ you say sorry to her. 答案 unless8. The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married. 当他们结婚的时候，这对新婚夫妇太高兴了以至于笑个不停。点拨 (1) sothat意为“如此以至于”，that连接两个句子。若that后面连接的是否定句，则可以与tooto（太以致不能）句型替换。(2) stop doing sth意为“停止（正在）做（的）某事”，指停下正在做的事情；stop to do sth意为“停下去做某事”，指停下一件事去做另一件事。(3) get married意为“结婚”，与be married同义，为非延续性动词短语。活学活用1. Bob is too young to _ (go) to school. 2. I am tired. Lets stop _ (have) a rest. 3. They got _ (marry) three years ago. 答案 1. go 2. to have 3. married 9. Once upon a time, a magic rock opened up and a monkey was born. 很久之前，一块神奇的石头打开了，一个猴子出生了。点拨 (1) once upon a time与a long time ago，long long ago三个短语，经常用于叙述过去的事情，用于故事的开头，意为“很久很久以前”。如：Once upon a time, there were ten suns in the sky. 很久很久以前，在天上有10个太阳。(2) be born意为“出生”，其中的born是bore的过去分词，be born in+时间/地点，意为“出生于”，其中的be动词一般用过去式。如：She was born in 1999 in Shanghai. 她1999年出生于上海。活学活用1. 很久之前在这里住着一位老人。 _ _ _ _, an old man lived here. 2. Tom出生于英国。 Tom _ _ in England. 答案 1. Once upon a time 2. was born 要点精析: Section B 1. stupid, foolish与silly 辨析 (1) foolish指“无头脑的”、“缺乏常识的”、“缺乏判断能力的”。如： It was a foolish thing to fight with neighbor. 和邻居吵架是一件蠢事。(2) stupid指“智力差的”、“反应迟钝的”。如： He is very stupid in learning math.他学数学很笨。(3) silly指“头脑简单瓣、不懂事的”、“傻头傻脑的”。如：Stop asking such silly questions！别再问这样傻的问题了！ 2. voice, sound与noise 辨析（1）noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。（2）sound意为“声音，响声”，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。此词使用范围很广，可指大自然的任何“声音”。sound可以用