八年级英语上册unit3知识点及练习（仁爱英语）.doc

八年级英语上册unit3知识点及练习（仁爱英语） 仁爱英语八年级unit 3知识点归纳topic 1 Whats your hobby一.重点词汇_ 爱好_假期 _ 绘画 _友谊 _ 知识 _每日的 _ 是否_例如 _ 过去常常做某事_ 洗澡 _对感兴趣 _ 跳舞 _划船 _ 打排球_游泳 _ 画画 _集邮 _ 收藏硬listening to _ /_music 听流行、古典音乐walking in the countryside_二.重点句型：1.wow! so many stamps!(page 53)哇，那么多的邮票！本句意为：there are so many stamps. so many意思是“_”，so much意思也是“_”。如：1）there are so many flowers. or: so many flowers！这里有这么多的花。2)there is so much water on the table. or: so much water!桌子上有那么多的水。 2. we can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。a lot “许多、大量”，用在动词后，同_。如:另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”，要用在_词前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。在口语中尤其如此。a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别，都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时，动词用_数，与可数名词连用时，动词用_数。3.would you like to collect any of these things? (page 53)你想集下面这些东西吗?would you like to +动词_，表示“想要”4. what things do you love collecting? (page 53)你喜欢集什么东西？love + _表示“喜欢、爱好”，也可以用_表示。5.Iam interested in playing sports. (page 54)我对运动感兴趣。be interested in (doing) sth. “对感兴趣”如:1）i am interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。 2）jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。6.what do you often do in your_ time? (page 55) 在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊？_“在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用_替换。如:在闲暇之际，我常去看电影。_7. I often go fishing. (page 55)我经常去钓鱼。go + doing表示“去做某事” go +v-ing结构很常用，多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:另外还有：go hunting去_ go shooting去_ go swimming,_go bathing 去_go shopping_, go climbing _8.and I do a lot of reading. (page 55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。 在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。如：_do some cleaning_ do some walking _do some reading_ do some washing do some shopping_9.Im a movie fan. 我是一个电影迷。fan(运动、电影等)狂热爱好者。如:a film / football / star fan同时，fan作为名词还有“风扇”的意思。如：electric fan 电扇。10.why not go out and do some outdoor activities? (page 55)为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢？这是一个省略句，全句可以说成why shall we not go out and do some outdoor activities?常在口语中使用，用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文，如：why not meet at the school gate?我们在校门口见面好吗？/ why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢？some“一些、几个”，用在疑问句中, 表示希望得到肯定回答。如：1）would you like to give us some good advice?请给我们一些好的建议好吗？2）would you like some coffee or tea?请问，你是想喝咖啡还是茶？11.my interests are changing all the time. (page 56) 我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。all the time“总是、一直”。如：why are you playing all the time? 你为什么总是玩啊？look at these monkeys, they are jumping all the time.看看这些猴子，它们一直跳个不停。12. and i wasnt interested in sports at all. (page 56)我对运动一点兴趣都没有。not.at all “一点也不”；“全然不”。如： i didnt mind it at all. 我一点也不在意。thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。not at all.没关系。he didnt know that at all. 他对此事一无所知。 13. but now, my hobbies are sports, like soccer and swimming. (page 56)但是现在我的爱好是体育，比如足球和游泳。like “像，好比”。如：he swims very quickly like a fish.他游泳非常地快，像一条鱼。14.I never miss any important soccer games. (page 56)我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。never “未曾、从未”，表示否定。如：I have never met him before.我以前从未见过他。16. I enjoy listening to rock music. (page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。like, love, enjoy和prefer，这四个词都有“喜欢”之意，但用法不同。试比较：like意为“喜欢、爱好”，语气较弱，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作宾语。like也常跟复合宾语，宾语补足语常用动词不定式。如：in england， many people like fish and chips.在英国，许多人喜欢鱼和油炸土豆条。）jack likes playing football.杰克爱踢足球。love意为“爱，热爱，喜欢”，常指对祖国、亲人及朋友的爱，也可用于事物，强调非常喜欢，具有较强的感情色彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如： father loves his work.爸爸热爱他的工作。enjoy意为”喜欢，欣赏”，含有“乐于、享受之乐趣”之意，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”，常用于两者之间的选择，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer.to.表示“宁愿，不愿”，“喜欢而不喜欢”，其中to为介词，后可跟名词或动名词。如：which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你比较喜欢喝茶,还是喝咖啡？i prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。my brother likes maths, but i prefer english.我哥哥喜欢数学，而我更喜欢英语。17nobody. I taught myself. ( page 57) 没有任何人，我自学的。teach oneself “自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教”有些动词后常跟反身代词，如：enjoy oneself “过得愉快”, help oneself “随便吃（用）”。如：she teaches history in our school.她在我们学校教历史。she taught his son english when he was 3 years old.她儿子3岁时，她就教他英语。18when people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. when people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.(p58)当人们变老的时候，爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候，爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。系动词一共可以分为两大类：表示状态的和表示状态变化的。系动词表示状态的又分为以下三类：1)be, seem, appear等。2)由感官动词变化而来的，翻译成中文通常可以翻译成“起来”，这些系动词有：look, sound, feel, taste, smell等。 3)由不及物动词转化而来的，这些系动词有：stand, keep, prove, remain系动词表示状态变化的包括：become, go, get, grow, turn, fall等。如：coffee smells nice.咖啡闻起来好香。 after hearing that, his face went red.听完，他的脸红了。the days get longer and longer in spring.春天白天变得越来越长了。19pink likes to have a bath.( page 59) pink喜欢洗澡。have a bath 洗澡短语have a bath与动词bathe意思一样，但前者表示在有限的时间里进行某项活动。如：游泳 have a swim 谈一谈 have a talk 洗一洗 have a wash骑马 have a ride看一看 have a look休息一下 have a rest三.语法学习1.I used to listen to rock music but now i collect telephone cards and paintings. (page 53)我过去常听摇滚乐，可现在我集电话卡和画。used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯（过去经常反复发生的动作）或状态（暗含的意思是现在已不复存在），只有一种形式，即过去式，用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为：used not to do或didnt use to do。疑问句为used you to. ? 或 did you use to.?如：1）I used to go to school on foot.我过去步行上学。（暗含的意思是：我现在不再步行上学了。）2）Mary used to sleep late.玛莉过去总是很晚才睡觉。（暗含的意思是：玛莉现在睡觉不再那么晚了。）另外，注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别：be used to doing sth “习惯于，适应于”如:he is used to working hard. 他习惯于努力地工作。he used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如： computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今电脑可用来做许多事。2. collecting stamps must be great fun! (page 53)集邮肯定很有趣！must在这里是情态动词，作用是用来表示_，可以翻译为“想必”。如:1)your brother must be in the school. i saw him just now.你的哥哥想必在学校。我刚才看见他了。情态动词must的三种否定形式must表示“必须”时，其否定回答为_，意思为“不需要”。如:1）must I pay back the money right now? no, you dont have to.2）you must listen to the teacher carefully in class.你必须在课堂上认真听讲。must表示“推测”时，其否定形式为_，意思为“不可能”。如:yesterday I received a letter from him, so he cant be here.而must not的意思为“_”。如：1）you must not smoke in the hospital.你绝对不可以在医院里吸烟。3.he doesnt mind whether theyre good or not. ( page 59)他并不介意它们是否是好的。此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether.or not“不论是否”。如：1）you have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必须天天早点起床，不论是否下雨。2）whether we go or not matters little.不论我们是否去，关系不大。if与whether的区别。二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。但下列几种情况不能换用：（1）whether 后可紧接or not，而if一般不能，如：let me know whether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来，请告诉我一声。（2）whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能。如：whether this is true or not, i can not say.这件事是否真实，我说不上。（3）不定式前用whether，不用if。如：i havent decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.介词后可用whether，不用if。如：i havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home. topic2 What sweet music 一. 重点词汇_遗憾 _音乐会 _小提琴 _悦耳的continue doing sth._ _出生_建立_music 古典音乐_songs 民歌 _ life 日常生活 _ 因而著名 _ 寻找二. 重点句型 1and it sounds great! (page 61) 听起来好极了。sound 系动词“听起来”，系动词后常与形容词连用。2.we have guitar, violin, piano and drum lessons for just ￥240 each. (page 62)我们有吉他课、小提琴课、钢琴课、和打鼓课，每个课程仅需要240元。each副词 “各个”，“每个”。如：1）these books cost a dollar each.这些书每本一美元。3classical music is serious music. (page 64) 古典音乐是一种很严肃的音乐。serious 形容词“严肃的、认真的”；“严重的”。如：he is a serious worker. 他是一个工作认真的人。2）“ its nothing serious.” says the doctor,“ youve got a little cold.”医生说：“没事，就是有点儿感冒。”4pop music often comes and goes easily. (page 64) 流行音乐来得快去得也快。come and go easily 可以翻译为“_”。如：1）money is something that comes and goes easily.5. guo lanying, song zuying and tenger are famous for their folk songs. (p 64)郭兰英，宋祖英和腾格尔以（唱）民歌而出名。 be famous for“以而著名”, “因而出名”。 china is famous for its long history.中国以悠久的历史而闻名。6it is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. (page 65)它是世界上最著名的摇滚乐队之一。one of “之一”。常用在“one of + _级 +名词_数”结构中。如：1)changjiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。7in the fall of 1976, a- 14-year-old high school student, larry mullen, looked for some musicians. 在1976年的秋天，一个14岁的中学生，larry mullen寻找一些音乐家。1)fall是美国英语，相当于英国英语的中的autumn。2)14-year-old 数词和名词之间有连字符的，名词不用复数。如：a three-leg chair t3)look for “寻找”，强调“寻找”的过程，而_“找到”，则是强调“找到”的结果。8he wanted to form a band. (page 65)他想组建一个乐队。want to “想做某事”，want to + 动词_。常用want sb. to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”。如：1)he wants me to help him with his lessons.他想让我帮他学习功课。9he found 3 boys and they set up a band. (page 65)他找到了3个男孩，他们就组成了一个乐队。found是动词_的过去式。意思是“找到”；find强调“找到”的结果。set up 组建，创办。如：set up housekeeping组织家庭10.they continue making music. (page 65)他们继续创作音乐。continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“继续做某事”。如：continue to read/writing/ a story ask sb. to do sth._tell sb. to do sth._want sb. to do sth._teach sb. to do sth._12. play the piano “弹奏钢琴”。在英语中，在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时，所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词the而与之相反，在英语中表达玩球类项目时，我们通常在_项目的名词前不加定冠词。a pity! (page 61)真遗憾！这是一个由what引导的感叹句。what引导感叹句的基本构成为：what + a / an +（形容词）+可数名词单数！ what a stupid question!多么愚蠢的问题啊！what +（形容词）+可数名词复数/不可数名词！如：what lively boys they are! 多么活泼的男孩子们啊 topic3 what were you doing at this time yesterday一. 重点词汇_无人_博物馆_教堂_工厂 _节目_令人愉快的 _英俊的 _ 与某人看法一致_洗澡 _ 接电话 _打扫卫生_ 敲 _太.以至于不能 _谈论关于二.重点句型1i called you but nobody answered the phone. (page 69)我给你打电话了，但是没有人接。answer the phone 固定词组，可翻译为“_”answer的意思是“回答，答复”。如：1) what shall i answer?我将怎样回答呢？2) have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信吗？3) answer the door, please, jack. someone is knocking at the door.开门去，杰克,有人在敲门。2oh, i was taking a shower. (page 69) 我在淋浴。take a shower淋浴，也可以用动词have代替take。如： take a bath/ have a bath, take a rest/have a rest, take a look/have a look, take a walk/have a walk3yeah, i think so. (page 71)是，我也这样认为。在think后面可以用so来代替前面的内容，以避免重复。例如： is he at home? 他在家吗？ yes, i think so. 是的，我想他在家。 i think so.的否定形式一般为i dont think so.例如：do you think classical music is very popular in china?你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗？no, i dont think so. 不，我认为不很流行。4and i also like the young man with light hair. (page 71)我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。with在这里是“有”的意思。如：a coat with two pockets有两个口袋的衣服 5he is so handsome! (page 71)他非常帅！so在口语中，与加重语气的感叹句连用，作very解。如：im so glad to see you!我很高兴见到你！/ it was so kind of you !你真好！/ there was so much to do!6i agree with you. (page 71)我同意你的意见。agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如：7. you look very sad. (page72) 你看起来很伤心。look系动词，可以翻译为“看起来”。look做系动词，后面可以接形容词、动词的过去分词、名词、介词短语以及as if从句做表语。如：1）tom looks very strong. 汤姆看起来非常的强壮。（形容词做表语）8.theres nothing serious. (page 72)没什么严重的事。（没事。）nothing serious “没事”。注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容词，要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如：1) would you like anything else?你还要点儿什么吗？8well, Miss Wang was angry with me. (page 72)王老师生我的气了。注意be angry 后所跟的介词：be angry with + sb. 生某人的气/be angry at + sb.对某人的言行气愤/be angry about + sth.对某事生气 9.in the early 1800s, sunday was the “holy day”. (page 73)在19世纪早期，星期日的含义就是“神圣的一天”。1800s表示19世纪，同样的，1900s则表示20世纪。10.in the us, workers called them“blue mondays”.(page 73)在美国，工人们把它们叫做“蓝色星期一”。蓝色（blue）在汉语中的引申意义较少，而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时，我们应该注意其中的特别含义。英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁若闷”，如： 1）they felt rather blue after the failure in the football game.11. then decide how you are going to spend your weekend. (page 74)然后决定你的周末怎么过。spend度过；花费（时间、金钱）。结构有：spend.on sth., spend.(in)doing sth. 如：1）he spent 5 yuan on the post card. 他买这张明信片花了5元钱。12. did you have a good time? (page 76) 你们玩得高兴吗？have a good time = enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴。类似的说法还有have a great time, have a nice time, have a wonderful time。三.语法学习 I was doing some washing. i was doing some cleaning. (page 69)我在洗衣服。 我在打扫卫生。这句用的是过去进行时.1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作,也表示过去一段时间内的活动或那个阶段正在进行的动作.如:he were watching tv at 8:00 last night.they were writing a book last month.3. 过去进行时由be (was/were)+动词ing 形式构成的,肯定句:主语+was/were +doing +否定句: 主语+wasnt/werent +doing +一般疑问句: was/were+主语+doing+肯定回答:yes, 主语+was/were.否定回答:no, 主语+wasnt/werent.they were studying English at this tine yesterday./ they werent studying English at this time yesterday. were they studying English at this time yesterday? yes, they were. / no, they werent.U3T1( )1. Langlang is a great pianist. He _ great interest in piano when he was very young.A. sharedB. hatedC. showedD. played( )2. Wang Yanbos mother is fond of _. A. cookB. cookerC. cookingD. cooked( )3. Why _ go out for a walk after supper?A. dontB. didntC. notD. doesnt( )4. Hobbies can _ us happiness, friendship and knowledge, so we should have hobbies. A. getB. takeC. tookD. bring( )5. Whats your hobby?I _ listen to music, but now I enjoy dancing. A. am used toB. used toC. am usedD. use to ( )6. I _ draw, but now I am fond of it. A. wasnt use toB. didnt use toC. am not use toD. dont use to( )7. Would you mind _?Not at all. A. provide help for us B. provide us with helpC. providing help for usD. providing us for help( )8. His mother taught him _ and read. A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. writes( )9. Whats your hobby, please?I _ dancing. A. am fond ofB. enjoyC. preferD. A, B and C( )10. _ Li Lei _ play computer games? No, he _. A. Did; use to; didntB. Did; used to; didntC. Does; use to; doesntD. Does; used to; doesntU3T2( )1. The music _ beautiful. A. looksB. feelsC. hearsD. sounds( )2. Jane, can you play _ baseball?No, I cant. But I can play _ violin. A. the; theB. /; theC. /; /D. the; /( )3. Jackie Chan is a famous actor. Yes, he is popular _ many young people. A. forB. asC. withD. to( )4. Could I _ your violin?Sorry, I _ it to Li Lei yesterday. A. borrow; borrowedB. lend; lentC. borrow; lentD. lend; borrowed( )5. Liu Dehua, Jay Chou and Lin Junjie are famous _ their pop songs. A. asB. for C. withD. of( )6. What do you do _?I practice _ English. A. everyday; everydayB. everyday; every dayC. every day; everydayD. every day; every day( )7. There is going to _ a football match the day after tomorrow. A. haveB. has C. hostD. be( )8. Hi, Linda. _ a hot day! Lets go swimming, OK?Thats a good idea!A. HowB. WhatC. /D. Which( )9. Drums and pianos are the same in some ways because _ makes their sounds. A. blowingB. taking C. hittingD. moving( )10. Im busy. I cant go shopping with you tomorrow. _ A. Id love to. B. Wonderful!C. What a pity!D. Go ahead!U3T3( )1. I _ a museum with my friends at this time yesterday. A. am visitingB. was visitingC. visitedD. will visit( )2. He is _ small _ to school. A. too; to goB. cant; goC. too; goD. so; to go( )3. Many people read newspapers on the train to _ the time in Britain. A. saveB. wasteC. passD. take( )4. It was raining hard _ I got up this morning. A. ifB. whenC. afterD. until( )5. Look! The girl is playing with a snake. How _ she is!A. braveB. happyC. strongD. excited( )6. The old man died _ a cold snowy night. A. in B. on C. at D. over( )7. You look very sad. Whats wrong? Its OK. There is _. A. something seriousB. serious somethingC. nothing seriousD. serious nothing( )8. “Now I told you a secret,”he said to me _ a low voice. A. withB. atC. inD. use( )9. Which team _ the match, Team One or Team Two? Team One _ Team Two. A. won; wonB. beat; beatC. beat; wonD. won; beat( )10. I feel tired, but I dont want to stop _. A. workB. to workC. worksD. workingU3单元( )1. Could you _ me your bike, please?Sorry, Im using it. You can _ Jacks.