八年级英语下学期期中复习（二）.doc

八年级英语下学期期中复习（二） 八年级下学期期中复习（二） 一重点词汇 1. different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”，“各种各样的”，等于all kinds of，kinds of 后面接可数或不可数名词均可。 kind有两个词性： 1）kind作名词，意为“种类”。 如： There are many kinds of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有很多种动物。 2）kind作形容词，意为“和善的，友好的”。 如： Its very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。 2. advice 意为“劝告，意见，忠告”等，是不可数名词，前不加冠词。 可用“a piece of advice”，“pieces of advice”的结构来表示数量。 与advice搭配的动词短语有： ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见 follow/take sbs advice 遵从某人的劝告 give sb. some advice 给某人提出建议 如： The doctor gave us some advice on how to improve our health. 医生对如何提高我们的身体素质提出了一些建议。 3. 辨析leave和forget 这两个词都有“遗忘，忘记”的意思，但用法不同，注意区别。 1）leave+sth.+sp. 指“把某物遗忘在某地” 如： I left my notebook in the classroom. 我把笔记本忘在教室里了。 2）forget to do sth.指“忘记去做某事” forget doing sth. 指“忘记做过某事” 如： I forget to tell her about it. 我忘了把这件事告诉她。 I forgot telling her about it. 我忘记曾把这件事告诉过她。 4. in hospital 该短语译为“住院”，hospital前面无冠词，表示抽象概念。 而短语“in the hospital”则译为“在医院里”，并非生病住院之意。 在英语中，介词和一些单数名词连用，可以表示抽象概念。 如 at school 上学 go to school 上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 in/ out of jail 坐牢/出狱 5. take a day off 该短语译为“休一天假”。off表示缺席、不在、不工作或责任的免除，如： You mustnt take a day off just because you want to see a football match. 你不能只是为了想看一场足球赛而休息一天。 I think I will take the afternoon off， because I get sick. 我想我下午要休假，因为我实在是病了。 6. be mad at.“对非常愤怒，恼火”，如： They were mad at missing the train. 没赶上火车，他们气得发疯。 mad还可以和其他的介词搭配构成一些短语。 如： be mad about“对狂热，着迷”； go mad “发疯，疯了”。 7. bring.to. “把带到来”。其反义词组为“take.to.”，即“把带到去”，如： It is raining heavily outside. Take an umbrella with you.外面正在下雨，随身带把伞吧。 Please bring the long ruler here，and take the short one away. 请拿把长尺子到这儿来，把这把短的带走。 Mum，please bring the English book and the CDs to school. I need them for my English class. 妈妈，请把英语书和CD碟带到学校来。我上英语课时要用的。 8. be supposed to 为“认为必须；认为应该；认为必要”，如： Am I supposed to clean all the rooms? 我必须打扫所有的房间吗？ You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday. 你最晚在星期五必须结清这笔账。 9. remind remind及物动词，意为“提醒，使记起，使想起。” remind + doing sth.和remind sb. of sth.都可以表示“提醒某人做某事情” 如： Please remind him closing the window when he goes to school. 他去上学的时候，记得提醒他关窗户。 10. make money 赚钱，挣钱。 make money=earn money 赚钱 如： He makes money by fishing. 他靠打鱼赚钱。 11. hard与 hardly hard 为副词，意思是“努力地，费力地，辛苦地”, 如： He works hard.他努力工作。 hardly否定副词，意思为“几乎不”，表示否定含义, 如： He works hardly. 他几乎不工作。 12. response 相当于answer，reply，但是比这两个词的用法要正式。 常用于词组response to sb./sth.“回复某人或某事”，注意to在这里是介词，它后面要跟名词或代词。 如： Ive had no response to his letter. 我还没有给他回信。 13. be good at 和 do well in 这两个词组都意为“擅长、善于”； be good at 侧重于惯常的行为，do well in 侧重于具体的事情，指做某事做得好，但是现在这两个词组用法的区别日益缩小，通常可以互换。 be good at的比较级是be better at，反义词组是be weak in； do well in 的比较级是do better in，反义词组是do badly in。 如： I am good at English composition. You must do well in this test. 二. 重点结构 1. It seems that是一个固定句型，“看来，似乎是，好像”的意思。相当于“主语+ seem+ to do”， 如果动词不定式为to be 形容词时，to be往往省略。 如： It seems that she is very sad. 她似乎很难过。 = She seems (to be) very sad. It seems that he likes his new job. 他看起来很喜欢他的新工作。 = He seems to like his new job. It seems that与人称代词连用，意为：“感到好像，觉得似乎”， 如： It seems to me that it will snow. 我看要下雪。 2. Whats wrong (with sb./ sth.)? Whats wrong? 的意思是“怎么啦？”，用于询问发生了一件什么事情，也可以在whats wrong的后面接一介词短语，询问某人或某物出了什么问题。 如： Whats wrong? 怎么回事？ I dont know. 我不知道。 Whats wrong with your bike， Jake? 你的自行车怎么啦，Jake？ It is broken. 我的车坏了。 There is something wrong with his leg. 他的腿出了毛病。 类似的表达方法还有： Whats the matter (with sb./ sth.)? Whats the trouble (with sb./ sth.)? Whats up? 3. It is + adj. / n. + for sb. to do sth.，做某事对某人来说，在这个句型中真正的主语是动词不定式，也就是to do sth.是真正的主语，而it只是形式主语，如果不强调对某人的影响，可以省略for sb. 如： Its very good for you to read more English books. 多读些英语书对你来说是很有益处的。 It is quiet surprising to hear the news. 听到这个消息确实很震惊。 4. If +一般现在时句子，主语+一般将来时。 这是我们初中学习阶段中比较重要的结构，是if引导的条件状语从句。这里最关键的是要注意从句与主句的时态。 如： If he is ill，he wont go to school. 如果他生病了，就不会上学了。 练习： 一. 单项选择 1. Theres _ with my bike，I hurt myself. A. wrong something B. something wrong C. anything wrong D. wrong anything 2. Im not sure whether Mrs Susan _. If she _，please call me. A. comes；comes B. will come；comes C. comes；will come D. will come；will come 3. Its nice to go _ a walk _ a spring evening. A. for，on B. at，on C. to，on D. to，in 4. Dont open your books _ your teacher tells you. A. until B. after C. when D. then 5. -English people like drinking tea with sugar and milk. -_. A. So do Chinese people B. So are we Chinese C. We like it，too D. Oh，we dont 6. We all helped him with his English so he didnt _ with his study. A. fall off B. fall down C. fall behind D. fall over 7. When class began，we stopped _ to the teacher carefully. A. listening B. listen C. listens D. to listen 二. 词语释义 从A、B、C、D中选出能替代句中划线部分的正确答案。 1. Can you take care of his bike? A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after 2. Please ring up Anne this evening. A. telephone B. go and see C. write to D. find 3. They enjoyed themselves in the park yesterday. A. worked hard B. had a good time C. walked fast D. helped themselves 4. Not everyone likes sandwiches. A. Someone doesnt like B. No one likes C. All the people doesnt like D. Nobody likes 5. You neednt send for the doctor. Im very well now. A. dont have to B. mustnt C. arent able to D. cant 三. 句型转换，按要求完成句子。(每空一词) 1. She did her homework last night.(改成一般疑问句) _ she _ her homework last night? 2. That pen is yours.(改成反意疑问句) That pen is yours，_ _？ 3. They go to school at seven. (改成否定句) They _ _ to school at seven. 4. She is going to swim this afternoon. (改成特殊疑问句) _ _ she going to do this afternoon? 5. He is teaching himself Chinese. (改成复数句) They _ teaching _ Chinese. 四. 用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1. What he (talk) about when the teacher came in? 2. you (write) to your parents yet? 3. Who (win) the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921? 4. Last term，the children (take) a study trip to New York. 5. you ever (have) any computer classes? 6. “Be quiet. Dont (laugh) now,” said the teacher. 7. Yangyang says he (become) an inventor when he grows up. 8. He (get) his things together at four yesterday afternoon. 9. The boy (plan) to spend his summer holidays in Tianjin. 10. Mr Wang (do) some exercise on Sundays. 五. 阅读理解 Canada has long and cold winters. But people there are not afraid. Ice and snow are just part of their lives. In the coldest months，people across the country go to snow festivals. Canadians believe that there is a winter king living in an ice palace. To make the king happy，they make snow sculptures(雕像). Canadians are really good at it! Many young people take a snow bath(雪浴) to show that they are not afraid of the cold. They take off all their clothes，then play and dance in the snow! Other exciting games are skiing，skating，and snow rafting(雪上橡皮艇). For Canadian kids， making snowmen or rooms out of snow are the most fun things to do. To make a snow room，they make a big hill out of snow. Then they scoop out a small room. Inside，a lamp will keep the snow room warm. Sometimes，heavy snow makes travelling difficult. But Canadians dont worry. They have clever and strong Husky dogs. Usually six to eight dogs work together pulling one sled(雪撬). Dog-sledding is also a popular sport. To make travelling through snow faster，Canadians use snowmobiles. They move as fast as cars，but they are only for brave (勇敢的) people. 1. Canadians are good at _ according to the passage. A. celebrating snow festivals B. taking snow baths C. playing and dancing in the snow D. making snow sculptures 2. The underlined(划线的) word scoop means _. A. 修建 B. 建造 C. 挖 D. 维修 3. Its interesting for Canadian children t