牛津译林8A_U1-U3_知识梳理

8A Unit 1 知识梳理一重点单词：A四会单词：1. more adj. 更多 2. nothing pron. 没什么东西（事情）3. bowl n. 碗 4. honest adj. 诚实的5. secret n. 秘密，秘密的 6. joy n. 欢乐,高兴,乐趣7. special adj. 特别的，特殊的 8.sad adj. 难过的，另人难过的9.believe vt. 相信 10.magazine n. 杂志11.good-looking adj. 好看的，漂亮的 11.slim adj. 苗条的12.willingready adj. 乐意的，愿意的 13.singer n. 歌手14.almost adv. 几乎，差不多 15.eyesight n. 视力16.round adj. 圆形的 17.smart adj. 聪明的 18.bored adj. 无聊的 19.joke n. 玩笑20.fit vi. 可容纳，装进 21.off prep 离开，脱离 22.advertisement n. 广告 adv. 下班，休息23.everyone pron. 每个人 24.true adj. 忠实的；真的；真实的25.thin adj. 瘦的；薄的 26.square adj. 正方形的；平方的 27.handsome adj. 英俊的 n. 正方形；广场28.cheerful adj. 令人快乐的；快乐的 29.printer n. 打印机30.height n. 高；高度 31. competition n. 竞赛，比赛；竞争32.test n;vt. .测试，考查 33.camping n. 露营；野营34.outdoor adj. 户外的，露天的 35.activity n. 活动36.solve vt. 解答；解决 37.social adj. 社会的38.future adj. 将来的,未来的 39.become vt. 成为; vi 变得n. 将来，未来 40.famous adj. 著名的41.agree vi. 同意，赞同 42.runner n. 奔跑的人43.reader n. 读者 43.nervous adj. 紧张不安的44.uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 45.miss vt. 想念46.advice n. 建议；忠告 47.smiling adj. 微笑的，带着笑容的48.dark adj. 深色的 49.general adj. 大体的，笼统的，总的50.fat adj. 肥胖的 51.pleasant adj. 另人愉快的；舒适的52.wear vt. 面露，面带 53.climbing n. 攀登，攀爬54.exciting adj. 另人兴奋的，使人激动的 55.correctly adv. 正确的B词形转换：1.honest (an) 2.special（adj.）-specially (adv) 3.joy (n.)-joyful (adj.) 4. sad (adj.) - sadness (n.) 5.Teenager (n.)-teenage(adj.) 6.music (n.) -musical (adj.) 7.slim -(slimmer) 8.humour (n.)-humorous (adj.) 9.advertise (v.)- advertisement (n.) 10.true(adj.)- truly(adv.) truth(n.) 11.thin-thinner 12.cheer(v.)- cheerful (adj.) 13.print(v.)-printer (n.) 14.goodwell-better best 15.high(n.)-height(n.) 16.advice(n.)-advise(v.) 17.pleasant (pleased) adj. 18.exciting(excited) adj.二重点短语：1.something to drink 一些喝的东西 2.some more food 再来一些食物3.nothing else没什么其他的东西 4.talk towith sb about sth和某人谈论某事5.a Grade 8 student 八年级的学生 6. keep secrets保守秘密7.make me happy使我快乐 8. share my joy分享我的快乐 9.share sth with sb和某人分享某物 10.one of my best friend 我最好的一个朋友11.be willing ready to do愿意干某事 12. think of想起 13.give ones seat to sb 让位给某人 14.help sb. with sth. 帮助某人干某事15.someone in need 处于需要的某个人 16.travel around the world 环游世界 17.grow up 长大 18. poor eyesight 视力很差 19.because of 因为 20.make him look smart使他看上去很聪明 21.a good sense of humor幽默感 22. make sb. laugh使某人笑 23.say a bad word about sb说关于某人的坏话 24.wear glasses带眼镜 25.a friend named有一个叫的朋友 26.be generous to sb 对某人慷慨27.shoulder-length hair 齐肩长发 28. tell jokes 说笑话 29.vote for 投票给。 30. good-looking 好看的31.square face 方脸 32. walk past 经过 33.knock over our books碰撞掉我们的书 34.knock our books off the desks把书从课桌上撞掉35.listen to ones problems倾听某人的问题 36.solve problems解决某人的问题 37.make friends with 与某人交朋友 38. tell sb about sth告诉某人某事39.try ones best to do sth.尽力去做某事 40. a true friend 一个真正的朋友 41.next to 在。的隔壁 42. have problems with在某方面有问题 43.move to搬到。 44.fell really uncomfortable 感觉真的不舒服45.during lunchtime 在午餐间 46. sit alone一个人坐 47.give sb. some advice (on) 在某方面给某人建议 48.bothand既。又49.in the future在将来 50. look sporty看上去很运动 51.smiling eyes 微笑的眼睛 52.wear a smile on ones face某人脸上面带笑容53.dark brown深褐色 54.live next door 住在隔壁55.get to know sb.开始认识某人 56.believe what he says 相信他说的话三重点语句：1.Can I have something to drink?我可以要一些喝的东西吗？当我们表达一种请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答时，一般疑问句可用some.、something. 例：Do you want some more food? Would you like something else? 2.however, he has poor eyesight because of working on the computer too much at night. 然而，他的视力很差，因为他晚上用了太长时间的电脑。（1）eyesight是不可数名词。（2）because of后接名词，代词或 v.ing形式，because后接原因状语从句。例：He didnt catch the train because of getting up too late.He didnt catch the train because he got up too late.（3）Too much与 用法相同，用于修饰不可数名词，或用在动词后面做宾语，替代不可数名词，表示“太多”； much too表示“太”与too用法相近，后接形容词或副词原级。too many用于修饰可数名词，表示“太多”.3.She is slimmer than I am.(1)两者或两部分进行比较用”形容词或副词的比较级+than”表示。三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级，用of 或in来加比较范围例：My book is more interesting than yours. 形容词的比较级的构成A单音节词末尾加er或est B以e结尾的双音节词，只加r或st。nicenicer C以辅音加y结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，再加er或est例heavyheavierheaviest healthyhealthierhealthiestD闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est例slim big fat red thin hot sad等词都须双写最后一个字母再加er或estE其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加上more或mostF不规则变化的有goodwell -better-best badbadlyill-worse-worst -many much -more-most little-less-least farther-farthest 表距离far further-furthest 表程度(2)表示两者“相等”用as+形容词或副词原级+as+比较对象。例：My book is as interesting as yours. (3) 表示“不如” 用not soas+形容词或副词原级+as+比较对象,或“less +形容词或副词原级+than+比较对象。例：Your book is not soas interesting as mine.= Your book is less interesting than mine.4What about playing football? 踢足球怎么样？表示建议的：What about=how about +名词代词宾格动名词Why not=why dontdoesntdidnt+ 主语 +动词原形Lets shall we+动词原形5.I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me.当他和我在一起时，我从未感到乏味或不高兴。bored是形容词，指人所处的状态，意为“感到厌倦的”。boring也是形容词，指令人厌倦的人或事，意为“令人觉得单调乏味”例句： The film is so boring that I feel bored very much.四话题作文：本单元要学会用一些形容词来描述人的特征。例文：根据下面所给出的王强的个人档案,以My Good Friend为题,写一篇短文,介绍他的基本情况。 要求: 1. 条理清楚,意思连贯,语句通顺,标点正确,书写清晰、规范。 2. 要将下表的内容基本体现在文章中。 3. 词数: 60-80。 姓名:王强 性别:男 年龄:13 脸型:圆 眼睛:小但明亮 头发:黑且短 外貌:英俊、有吸引力 国籍:中国 学校:第10中学 特长:数学和物理 爱好:打篮球、玩电脑游戏 性格:诚实、友好、乐于助人 My Good Friend I have a good friend. He is a Chinese boy of 13. His name is Wang Qiang. His face is round and his eyes are small but bright. He has short and black hair. He is handsome and attractive. He studies at No.10 Middle School. He is good at Maths and physics. He likes playing basketball very much. He likes watching TV and playing computer games, too. He is very honest and friendly. He is always ready to help others. What a good friend! 8A Unit 2 知识梳理一、重点单词：A四会单词：1.British daj. 英国的 2. lift n. 电梯3.post n. 邮件 4.eraser n. 橡皮5.fall n. 秋天 6. vacation n. 假日，假期7. math n. 数学 8. movie n. 电影9. mixed adj. 男女混合；混合的 10.subject n. 科目11.sew vi. 逢，做针线活 12.myself pron. 我自己13.tasty adj. 味道好的 14.even adv. 甚至 15.guys n. 朋友们，各位 16. practice vi. & vt. 练习，操练 17.hero n. 被崇拜的对象；英雄 18. close adj. 密切的，亲密的19. taste n. 味道vi. & vt. 尝（起来） 品尝 20. article n. 文章21. art n.美术；艺术 22. geography n. 地理；地理学23. language n. 语言 24.PE 体育（课） 25.science n. 科学 26. useful adj. 有用的；有益的27. unimportant adj. 不重要的 28. useless adj. 无用的29. unpopular adj. 不受欢迎的；不流行的 30.point n. 分数31. least adj. 最少的 32. health n. 健康33. able adj. 能够的 34. tonight adv. 今晚35.monkey n. 猴子 36. finish vi. 结束，停止 vt.结束，完成37.table tennis 乒乓球 38. chess n. 国际象棋B词形变换British(adj)Britain(n) mix(v)mixed(adj) taste(v)tasty(adj) heroheroes usefuluseless popularunpopular heath(n)healthy(adj) long(adj)length(n)science-scientist 二、重点词组1. Whats like?怎么样？ 2. be like watching TV就象看电视 3. ideal school life理想的学校生活 4. fewer advertisements更少的广告 5. life in a British school英式学校的生活 6. in Year 8 /in 8 th grade在八年级 7. a mixed school一所男女混合学校 8. have lessons together一起上课 9. my favourite subject我最喜爱的科目 10. how to cook and sew如何做饭和缝纫 11. cook healthy and tasty meals做健康美味的饭菜 12. a reading week阅读周 13. last year去年 14. bring in books and magazines from home把家里的书和杂志带来 15. near the end of each class临近每节课结束时 16. at the end of在尽头 17. have driving lessons上驾驶课程 18. drive me to school开车送我上学 19. take school bus搭乘校车 20. twice a week一周两次 21. play softball打垒球 21. at a buddy club在好友俱乐部22.练习做某事 practice doing Sth. 23.每个周一 every Monday24.非常喜欢 enjoy a lot 25.全面了解我的新学校 learn all about my new school26.开心的互相交谈 have a great time talking to each other27.单词的含义 the meaning of the words 28.密友 a close friend29.有很好的口味 with a pleasant taste 30.在回家的路上 on the way home31.在午饭时间 at lunchtime 32.告诉我更多关于她的情况tell me more about her 33.读一篇由来自美国女孩写的文章read an article by a girl from the USA34.非常崇拜的某个人 someone you admire very much35.不准上课讲话 mustnt talk in class 36.在16岁时 at the age of 1637.回复 write.back 38的数目the number of39.暑假的长度 length of summer holiday 40穿校服 wear uniforms41.和一样 the same asbe alike 42.和不同 be different from43.电脑课computer studies 44.得分最少score the fewest points 45.拥有的钱最少have the least money 46.多休假几周have more weeks off 47.在夏季in the summertime 48.在线聊天 chat online49.花更少的时间做家庭作业spend less time doing homework 50.多远how far 51.如果下雨下雪呢？What if it rains or snows?52.经常下雪 snow very often 53.介意做某事 mind Sb./ones doing Sth.54.待在医院一个月 stay in hospital for a month 55.能够 be able to 56.向窗外看 look out of the window 57.上电视 be on TV58.搬家去某地 move to someplace 59.课后活动after-school activities 60.有一小时时间吃午饭have an hour for lunch 61.戴领带wear ties 62.一个有许多有用书籍的大图书馆a big library with lots of useful books 63.与一样大小 the same size as 64.在周末at weekends 65.有半小时的家庭作业have half an hour of homework 66.举行一次去博物馆的学校郊游go on a school trip to a museum 三、重点语句：1.Daniel has fewer CDs than Kitty.比较两件或两件以上事物的多少可用以下的词：多： many (可数) -more-mostmuch (不可数) -more-most少： few (可数) -fewer-fewest little (不可数)-less-least例：Nancy has more less free time than John.I join more fewer clubs than Tom.She has the mostleast money.2.Johns school shirt and Daniels school shirt are alike.比较两事物的像可用be likebe alikebe the sameas例如上句还可等于Johns school is like Daniels school.Johns school is the same as Daniels school.Johns school shirt and Daniels school shirt are the same.Amys pen is the same colour as Kittys pen.比较两事物的不同可用be different fromLife in the south is quite different from that in the north.3.whats.like? 意为怎么样？Whats the weather like in NanJing?南京的天气怎么样？Whats the girl like?那个女孩长什么样？（或：那个女孩是怎么样的人？）但注意区别：What does the girl like? 那个女孩喜欢什么?4.形容词的反义词构成：（1）把ful变成less如：useful-uselesscareful-careless（2）加前缀un 如：important-unimportantpopular-unpopularhealthy-unhealthypleasant-unpleasantcomfortable-uncomfortablegrateful-ungratefulhelpful-unhelpfulkind-unkindhappy-unhappy（3）还有些不加前缀也不加后缀easy-difficult boring- -interesting5.we want to read all our classmates books as well.我们也想读所有同学的书。(1)as well 表示“也”一般用于肯定句和疑问句，一般放在句子末尾。too一般用于肯定句和疑问句 either用于否定句，一般放在句子末尾 而also一般放在句子中间.(2)as well as表示既。又 不但。而且。例he speaks English as well as French.他不但会说法语而且会说英语。 He as well as I is on duty.不仅是我，他也在值班。（注意本句谓语动词）6.we always have a great time talking to each other.我们总是很愉快的互相交谈。(1) have a greatgoodwonderful time doing sth例：I think you must have a good time flying the kite in the park yesterday.(2) each与every都与单数名词连用，且意义相近但也有一定区别：a. each强调个体，every强调整体。Every student in our school works hard. (强调整体)Each student may have one book. (强调个体)b. every 指三者或三者以上的人或物each指两个或两个以上的人或物例：_of the two has a nice card. (each)c. every只作形容词，不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词,可单独使用。e. every有反复重复的意思，如every two weeks.f. every 与not连用表示部分否定，而each与not连用表示全部否定.Every man is not honest.并非每个人都诚实。Each man is not honest. 每个人都不诚实。四话题作文。本单元以学校生活为主要话题，参考课本p24和p36 内容，联系实际谈谈我们的学校生活或理想中的学校生活。范文：My ideal schoolMy ideal school stars at 8 a.m. and finishes at 3 p.m.I love sports and computers, so we have PE and computer studies every day. The classes are quite small. There are 20 students in each class.There is a big dining hall where we can eat and chat with our friends. there is a park on one side of our school and a shopping mall on the other. We have a big library. We also have a tennis court and a swimming pool. There are lots of clubs and after-school activities .Every month, we go on a school trip to a museum or a theatre. 8A Unit3 知识梳理一、重点单词1.ourselves (我们自己) yourself (你自己) yourselves(你们自己) themselves (他们自己)herself (她自己) himself (他自己) myself (我自己) itself (它自己 )2. begin beginning (开始) 3. interestinteresting (兴趣；有趣的) 4.real really (真的；真实地) 5.beauty(美丽；美人) beautiful (美丽的) 6.possible(可能的)possibly 7.wonder(想知道；奇迹)wonderful(极好的；美妙的)8.climber(登山者) climb (攀登) 9.final(最后的) finally(最后)10.luck(幸运) lucky(走运的) luckily(幸运地)11.support(支持) supporter(支持者) 12.win（赢；获胜）winner（获胜者）13.bad(糟糕的；坏的) badly（拙劣的） 14.slow（慢的）slowly（缓慢地）15.sunset（日落）sunrise（日出）二、重点短语1.爬山 climb the hill 2.需要锻炼 need to exercise 3.保持健康 keep fit/healthy 4.玩得开心 enjoy oneself/ have fun/ have a good time 5.乘船旅行 take a boat trip 6.从 - 旁经过 go/walk past 7.保重 take care 8.在塞那河畔 by the River Seine 9.在 - 的顶部 on the top of 10.美国总统 the president of the USA 11.邀请我加入阅读俱乐部 invite me to join the reading club 12.在 - 开始的时候 at the beginning of 13.在学校门口 at the school gate 14.上车 get on ( a bus) 15.在下半场 in the second half16.下车 get off ( a bus) 17.到达 arrive at/in get to reach 18.由 - 制成 be made of 19.不再 not- any more/ no more 20.感到开心 feel happy 21.名胜 places of interes 22.歌舞游行 the song and dance parade 23.自学做网页 teach oneself to make a home page 24.看一看 - take a look at- 25.枫叶 maple leaves 26.遥远的 far away 27.骑马 go horse riding/ ride a horse 28.决定做某事 decide to do sth 29.看日落 watch the sunset 30.开始玩捉迷藏 begin to play hide-and-seek 31.在决赛中 in the final 32.发生 , 进行 take place 33.旅行的费用 the cost of the trip 34.每人 per person 35.尽可能快的 as soon as possible 三、重点语句1. Yesterday, I took a boat trip under the famous Harbour and went past the Opera House.(page39)昨天我坐船游览了著名的港湾大桥，途中经过了歌剧院。go past表示“经过”past是介词，常有go, walk, drive, run等动词连用，如:He just walked past me a few minutes ago.几分钟前他刚从我身边走过。He ran past the finishing line first.他第一个越过了终点线。2.It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning. (Page40)那天很愉快，但是开始时，我们有点不舒服。at the beginning表示“开始，起初”，强调开始的时间和地点。常用的短语结构还有at the beginning of something.如:We are going to Japan at the beginning of July.我们准备七月初去日本。 另外,in the beginning也表示“开始，起初”，它相当于at first与later, finally等词相对应。如:In the beginning, there was a lot of traffic on the city roads, but finally it got better when we were on the highway.开始时，路上的交通很拥挤，但最后到了高速公路上时就好多了。3.it is made of metal and really tall.(Page41)它是由金属制成的，而且真的非常高。 be made of 表示“由制成”，强调从制成的成品上还能看得出原材料。如： The desk is made of wood这张桌子是木制的。 如果从成品上已经看不出原材料，则用be made from.如：Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。 另一个词组be made in则表示“在地方制造”。如： The toys are made in Shanghai.这些玩具是在上海生产的。 还有一个词组be made by表示“由某人（公司）生产” 如：The watch is made by Mr Brown手表是由布朗先生制造的。4. There are models of ever a hundred places of interest from all over the world. (Page41)这里有一百多个世界各地景点的模型。Place of interest表示“景点”，这里的 interest解释为“令人感兴趣的（事或人）” interest还可解释为“兴趣”，常用的短语有 show/have interest in (doing) something,表示“对（做）某事感兴趣”。如：Daniel shows great interest in computer.丹尼尔对电脑很感兴趣。 interest的形容词形式。interesting表示“有趣的”。如：The trip to the world parks is very interesting.去世界公园的旅行很有趣。5. They kept their secrets to themselves.(Page49)他们保守着这个秘密。 Keep something to oneself表示“不将某事说出去”，如:She always keeps her ideas to herself.她总是不把自己的想法告诉别人。 另外,keep secrets for sb表示“某人保守秘密”。如：Thank you so much for keeping the secret for me.非常感谢你帮我保守那个秘密。6.使用“and”/“but”/“or”我们使用“and, but ,or”把想法连接在一起。用“and”将相似的想法连接在一起，用“but”将不同的想法连接，用“or”连接选择性想法。（当两个主语相同时，我们就不用重复第一个）We saw the model Eiffel Tower. We liked it very much.We saw the model Eiffel Tower and liked it very much.The model pyramids were small. The pyramids looked like the real ones.The model pyramids were small but looked like the real ones.We can visit the World Park or travel around the world.当谓语相同时，后面一个谓语可省略。The model Golden Gate Bridge was huge. The model Golden Gate