英语人教版八年级下册过去进行时态.doc

一般过去时语法专项一、（1）专题讲解 1、定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语 连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。 2、时间状语：yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a moment ago ,two days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past ，at that time等 3、使用情况： （1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 我昨天7点起床。 (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。 4.一般现在时的结构及句型变化 结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式： （1)、结构一（谓语动词为be动词时） J 肯定句：主语+be(was，were)+其它. （注：am,iswas, arewere）J 否定句：主语+be+not+其它. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它? e.g. I was late yesterday. e.g. They were in Bei jing last year. I was not late yesterday. They werent in Bei jing last year. Were you late yesterday？ Were they in Bei jing last year？ Yes, I was. Yes, they were. No, I wasnt. No, they werent am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） (2）、结构二（谓语动词为情态动词时） (注意：情态动词 can,may,have to 等等。） 肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它.J 否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它. 一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它? E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago. The old man couldnt swim 30 years ago. Could the old man swim 30 years ago? Yes, he could. No, he couldnt. 常用情态动词过去式如下： cancould（能，会） maymight（可以） have tohad to（不得不） shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数 willwould（将要）用于所有人称 (3)、结构三（谓语动词为实义动词时） 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.J 否定句：主语+ didnt +动词原形+其它. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning. E.g. We often played tennis in the past. Li Ming didnt study English this morning. We didnt often play tennis in the past. Did Li Ming study English this morning？ Did you often play tennis in the past? Yes, he did. Yes, we did. No, he didnt. No, we didnt. 注：1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否定句和一般疑问句一律找助动词did来帮忙（过 去时不分人称和单复数，都是加did或did not） 2.前面出现了助动词，后面的动词一律用原形。 3.变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中，第一人称和第二人称要相互交换。 5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句： 结构：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句？ 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？ 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它？ E.g. Where were you last night？ What did Jim do yesterday? Where did you walk to yesterday？ 1、动词过去式的规则变化 How did you find the job? 6、动词的过去式 (1)、一般词尾加-ed stay-stayed help - helped ask - asked look-looked watch - watched (2）、以e结尾的只加-d hope-hoped love - loved dance - danced livelived （3）、末尾三个字母以“辅+元+辅”结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音 字母，再加-ed Stop- stopped plan- planned drop - dropped beg - begged （4)、“辅音字母+y”尾，变y为i, 再加 -ed carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 2、动词过去式的不规则变化 （见书后表格） 7、口诀： 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were, have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。（2）变式练习 一、写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ _ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.二、巩固练习 一、句型变换。 1、There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 2 They played football on the playground. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to the zoo yesterday, Tom _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 三、拓展训练 一、句型转换。 1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问） _ _ _ she _ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句) _ there _ orange in the cup? 二、单项选择： 1My fatherill yesterday Aisnt Barent Cwasnt Dwerent 2your parents at home last week AIs BWas CAre DWere 3The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now Aare; were Bwere; are Cwas; are Dwere; was 4your father at work the dayyesterday (前天） AWas; before BIs; before Cwas; are Dwere; was 5Who was on duty last Friday AI am BI was CYes, I was DNo, I wasnt 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean) 2. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do) 3. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 4. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick) 5. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 6. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 7. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 家庭作业 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式 go _ _ enjoy _ _ buy _ _ eat _ _ get _ _ walk _ _ take _ _ dance _ _ write _ _ run _ _ swim _ _ find _ _ begin _ _ eat _ _ play _ _ study _ _二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So he _ (get) up late.3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.5. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.6. There _ a