对比类作文.doc

中考英语书面表达 对比类写作对比类写作已成为英语书面表达中一个非常重要的形式。不管在工作学习中还是在日常生活中，对比是人们分析问题和解决问题的重要方法和手段，这就不难理解为什么对比类写作中考写作中的一个重要形式。对比类写作一般有两种方式：一是集中比较或对比（集中说明一个对象的诸种特征）；二是逐点比较或对比（一条一条地说明两者的异同）。对比类写作可以大致分为以下几种：一、今昔对比在作今昔对比时，要注意时态的变化。谈到过去的情况要用过去时态（主要是一般过去时），谈到现在的情况要用现在时态（主要是一般现在时）。今昔对比的写作格式是：开头（提出什么事情发生了变化）对具体事例作对比结论。写作方式既可采用集中比较，也可采用逐点比较。在写作时可用以下句型来组织完成整篇文章：1. 开头常用句型(1) Great changes have taken place. 发生了巨大变化。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last five year. Quite a few changes have taken place in my school since you left China. Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life.(2) Things have begun to improve since 自从以来，事情有了好转/改善。 Things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.2. 对比常用句型(1) used to, but now 过去常，但是现在(2) in the past, but now 在过去，但是现在(3) Once, but now 曾经.，但是现在(4) Things are different now. 情况已大不同了。(5) But now, everything has changed. 但是现在全变了。I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well, but now I have more free time.在作对比时，为避免句型重复，可适当变换一些句式，比如：(1) Another change is 再有一个变化是Another big change is in the housing conditions.(2) Whats more, 还有Whats more, I can go to bed earlier than in the past. 3. 结尾常用句型In short, changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience.例题：假设你是李华，在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友Smith先生的来信。他三年前参观过你校，听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。参照下图，给他写一封信，介绍你校的变化。注意：1.回信须包括图画的主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯； 2.词数100左右。范文:Dear Mr Smith,I was so pleased to hear from you and am writing to tell you something about my school. You are right. Quite a few changes have taken place. On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be, now stands anotherbuilding - our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. The playground is now in front of the school. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. I hope you come and see for yourself some day, Best wishes, Yours, Li Hua二、正反观点对比对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，即正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题两种不同观点对两种不同观点的论据（理由）逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面的已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。在写作时可用以下句型来组织完成整篇文章：正反观点对比常用句型 (1) We have a discussion about 我们对进行了一次讨论。Weve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.(2) We have had a survey on 我们对开展了一次调查。Weve had a survey on whether students should be allowed to carry mobile phones to schools.(3) Opinions are divided on the question. 在这个问题上意见有分歧。(4) Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 有两种不同意见。(5) Others have different opinions. 其他人有不同看法。(5) Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise. 有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。(6) Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to, but forty percent of the students dont think so. 60%的学生认为是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。(7) On the one hand, On the other hand, 一方面，另一方面在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型：(1) Whats more, 还有就是Whats more, we can get a good knowledge of the culture and social customs of the country where we study, as well as improve our English.(2) Besides, 除此之外Some students cannot discipline themselves. Besides, its far too expensive to study abroad, which is a load to the family.当然在提出多个论据时，也可用First, Second, Third, 来列举论据。例题：最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。60%的同学认为40%的同学认为1、不应收门票2、公园是公众休闲的地方3、如收票，需建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象1、应收门票，但票价不宜高2、支付园林工人工资3、购新花木注意： 1、信的开头已为你写好。 2、词数：100左右。 3、参考词汇：门票：entrance feeDear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks(提出问题).Opinions are divided on the question(过渡句). 60of the students are against the idea of entrance fee. They believe a public park should be free of charge(观点一). People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away(论据一). What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city(论据二).On the other hand, 40 think that fees should be charged(观点二) because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers(论据一), and to buy plants and young trees(论据二). They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. Yours trulyLi Hua 可以看出，这类文章的写作，首先要提出问题，即双方讨论的问题。接下来提出观点一，并用一系列论据进行阐明。说明完观点一之后，再提出观点二，继续用论据进行说明。如果需要说明自己的观点，可接下来说明自己的观点。练习：(1) 二班的同学进行了一场有关英语学习的讨论。讨论的题目是：学习英语要不要从儿童时期开始？请你根据下表中的提示写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况。一些同学认为另一些同学认为1应从儿童时期开始学习英语2儿童时期记忆力好，可以记住很多单词3能为以后的英语学习打下坚实的基础1不应从儿童时期开始学习英语2儿童时期既要学汉语拼音又要学英语，易混淆3会影响汉语学习和今后的英语学习讨论未取得一致意见注意：1文章的起始句已给出； 2词数：100左右（不包括已给的起始句）； 3参考词汇：基础foundation 汉语拼音Chinese pinyin The students of Class 3 had a discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should start from childhood. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. This will help them lay a solid foundation for their future English learning. But others do not agree. Young children have to learn Chinese pinyin at school. If they study Chinese pinyin and English at the same time, it will be very easy for them to mix them up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning but also to their future English learning. In short, the students have not arrived at any agreement, yet.(2)请按照下面6幅图的提示和所提供的主题句，写一篇题为“Changes in Our Life”的英语短文。词数60-80左右。Changes In Our Life Over the past twenty years or so, great chan