2011年北京中考英语解析青.doc

2011年北京中考英语试卷解析四、单项填空（共15分，每小题1分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处最佳选项。21. Im talking to you, Jack. Please listen to _ carefully.A. me B. mine C. you D. yours【A】对于人称代词的考察。该处使用宾格形式。正确答案是A。22. Both my parents were born _ 1970.A. at B. in C. on D. to【B】对于介词的考察。在年代前面用介词in.23. Hurry up, _ you will miss the plane.A. and B. but C. so D. or【D】对于连词的考察。前句的意思是快点，后句是你将错过飞机的，可以推出此处填or，否则的意思。答案是D24. - _ do you play football?- Once a week.A. How much B. How long C. How often D. How far【C】对于疑问副词词组的考察。通过答句可以判断出是频率词组，所以选择C选项的how often。25. We have a lovely room. Its one of _ in the hotel.A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest【D】对于形容词的最高级的考察。直接选D选项的the nicest。26. - Can you ride a horse?- No, I _.A. neednt B. may not C. cant D. mustnt【C】对于情态动词的考察。疑问句用can，否定答句用cant。27. I knocked on the door but _ answered.A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody【B】对于不定代词的考察。通过前后句的连词but可以推断出此处应该是选B选项的nobody。28. Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I.A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing【C】对于时态(一般过去时)的考察，有时间标志yesterday，所以直接选出C选项的played。29. Wheres Tom? His mother _ him now.A. is looking for B. will look forC. has looked for D. looks for【A】对于时态（现在进行时）的考察，通过问句，可以推出是他妈妈正在找他，选A选项的is looking for.30. - Excuse me, could you tell me how _ to Beijing Zoo?- Well, you may take Bus No.27.A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get【D】对于非谓语动词的考察。意思是如何到达北京动物园，所以选择 to do 的形式，表目的。正确答案是D。31. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980.A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write【C】对于时态（现在完成时）的考察，有时间标志since，意思是自从1980年以来，她已经写了大于十本书了。正确答案是C选项的has written。32. - What were you doing this time yesterday?- I _ on the grass and drawing a picture.A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting【D】对于时态（过于进行时）的考察。问句和答句统一，问句是过去进行时，对于过去的某一时间的动作提问，所以答句使用过去进行时。选D。33. I will send you an e-mail as soon as I _ in Canada.A. arrive B. arrived C. am arriving D. will arrive【A】对于主将从现的考察。意思是我一到加拿大，我就给你发电子邮件。主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。34. Many accidents _ by careless drivers last year.A. are caused B. were causedC. have caused D. will cause【B】对于被动语态的考察。主语accidents与谓语动词cause是被动关系，而且整体时态是过去时，所以选择B。35. - Do you know _ tomorrow?- At 8 oclock.A. when did she come B. when she cameC. when will she come D. when she will come【D】对于宾语从句的考察。根据陈述句语序的原则，把A和C排除，根据时态tomorrow的标志词，应该选出一般将来时，把B排除掉，正确答案是D。五、完形（12分）I cant believe what Im hearing, I thought to myself. Jeff was thelast candidate(候选人) for president of student council. My best friend Tony came to me and said. Im sorry, Mike. I really thought you should be _ (36). 考点：动词练习上下文，上文给出the last candidate(候选人) ，下文对应的动词应该是 be chosen .Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room. I offered him a _ (37)考点：形容词感情色彩+联系上下文。由本段出现的第一个形容词usual 来判断作者的感情色彩是平淡的，故排除B. loud和D. cheerful选项，由 第二个形容词surprise 来判断，作者与Jeff的关系不是非常亲密所以排除C warm选项congratulations and walked to my usual table. To my surprise, Jeff put his plate beside mine.Im , er-I m just wondering if you would.consider coming to work on my team, he said _ (38). You are really smart, and you would be a great manager.考点：副词联系上下文。副词关注前面的动词说，引号中为说话的内容，其中er-，wondering，would.都是紧张的表现，所以答案选择C nervously I dont think so, I replied, feeling unsure.Well, If you change your mind, we are meeting tomorrow, he said before moving to another table.All that night, I thought about the _ (39) from Jeff.(考点为名词辨析+联系上下文： A. advice指的是忠告，多指医生对病人，长辈对晚辈； C message 多指口信，转述客观事实不带有主观色彩；B chance 最大的干扰选项 因为下文出现个chance ,但是chance表示的一种可能性，抽象名词 D offer 作为名词表示提议，联系上文D为最佳答案。)Maybe being a part of the election process (选举过程) would give _ (40) 考点：代词还原，联系上下文主语都是I，所以答案选择C. me ) a chance to make important changes at our school. I decided to join them.My first goal was to _ (41) a catchy -容易记住advertisement. （考点：动词辨析 在当时advertisement 已经存在故可以排除B invent 选项，在剩下的选项中我们进行个排序会发现 第一步: create ;第二步：print ;第三步：send .与上文提到first goal 相呼应，所以答案选择 C ）Within a few days, we designed a poster with Jeffs pictures showing him in a number of activities. No one could walk through any hallway _ (42) passing Jeffs smiling face.（考点：介词搭配 最能凸显出 poster 效果的介词是without 否定介词与前面的no 相呼应，双重否定表肯定。）My next step was to _ (43) which new activities students would like to have at our school. Many of them wanted a chess club and a volleyball team.（考点辨析，-近三年选项中首次出现短语辨析，动词短语辨析 carry out 实施， try out 尝试， work out 解决 find out 找出+事实，真相 ，结合上下文，wanted a chess club and a volleyball team,下文的 collect information 得出答案为 D）With the information I had collected, Jeff met with the headmaster. The headmaster _ (44) to add these activities to our school program. (考点:动词辨析+联系上下文校长agree了我们的提议)With my help, Jeff and our ideas were well _ (45) at school.（考点：动词的熟词生义，receive 在此表示的是接纳并不是我们熟悉的收到，所以此题为难题）An eighth grader said, Itll be like attending a new school with Jeff as president.Hearing these words made my heart filled with _ (46). （考点：名词辨析+联系上下文 我和Jeff的工作得到了他人的认可，心中感到自豪和满足，故答案选择A）I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeffs team. He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his _ (47). （考点：名词联系上下文 上文提到the most popular 那么用下列四个词概括下就是Jeff的成功，故答案选择 D）The fact that it has made a difference in other peoples lives is the real prize. What a great feeling!36. A. heard B. chosen C. invited D. followed37. A. polite B. loud C. warm D. cheerful38. A. proudly B. quickly C. nervously D. regretfully39. A. advice B. chance C. message D. offer40. A. them B. him C. me D. us41. A. print B. invent C. create D. send42. A. for B. from C. with D. without43. A. carry out B. try out C. work out D. find out44. A. agreed B. wanted C. expected D. asked45. A. allowed B. received C. introduced D. required46. A. pride B. surprise C. patience D. hope47. A. luck B. spirit C. life D. success.答案：36-40: BACDC 41-45: CDDAB 46-47: AD六、阅读理解（26分）48. 【正确答案】B【解题思路】根据题干关键词Susan定位至表格一，根据表格一首句信息可知选项B为正确答案。49. 【正确答案】D【解题思路】根据关键词Ken定位至表格二，根据表格二标题信息可知Ken来自日本（Japan），选项D为正确答案。50. 【正确答案】A【解题思路】根据题干关键词Linda可定位至表格四，根据表格四首句关键词confident和kind可知选项A为描述Linda的正确答案。51. 【正确答案】A【解题思路】分析选项可发现本题考查对于时间细节的提取把握，抓住这一关键特征到文章中寻找对应信息。不难定位至文章第二段，选出答案A。52. 【正确答案】A【解题思路】根据设空处前后关键词sleep, at night并结合文章逻辑结构，不难将答案定位至文章倒数第二段，由文章倒数第二段最后一句话不难选出答案A。53. 【正确答案】D【解题思路】根据题干关键词Beverly, think, wild animal定位至文章最后一段最后一句话，由此句话不难找到Beverly对于野生动物的观点，即能教会我们很多（wild animals can teach us a lot about ourselves.）选项D正确C篇解析：54. D。细节题。关键在定位。从选项的图像来看全部是人在做什么什么动作，所以可以推测出答案在body signals这一段找。再通过小技巧-中文出现部分设题概率高，快速看到body signals部分的中文bend(弯曲)，弯曲存在的这一句是if you want the pilot to know that its safe to land, 而题目要求是its not safe to land，所以可以推出答案在下一句中找if you want to say that its not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.所以答案选D。55. C。细节题。定位找答案。A选项swinging your arm可看出还是body signals 处找答案。第二排出现：when you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means yes.对比选项，选项中说from side to side从一边到另一边，而up and down 指的是上上下下，所以A选项不对。B选项出现关键词light smoke所以可以知道答案在smoke signals中找，在本段倒数第二句if the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily.所以B选项属于相反选项设计。C选项的关键词是II，文中表示I need medicine.所以C选项为正确答案。D选项关键词pilots make replies所以答案在pilots replies出找，本段最后一句话：at night, the pilot flashes the planes red lights.所以D也不对。56. C。主旨题。A为在岛屿上建筑标志的解释，为无关选项。B所在岛上做标记的重要性，也是无关选项。C说在孤岛上发送信号的方式。D是从孤岛上接受信号的方式。某种意义上说C,D是完全相反选项。答案是C.文中叙述的都是如何通知Pilots自己在孤岛上。57. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?A. To give an example of a foreign language.B. To show an example of creative methods.C. To express worries about using Netspeak.D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.正确答案：D题目解析 ：在审题过程中请大家主语是main purpose而不是 main idea ,第一段就一句话，而且是让人咋看起开一头雾水的句子，这样的句子用在开头，很明显是为了引出下文。或者大家可以运用排除法 文章主要对象是netspeak ,而A，B两项没有提到 netspeak 故排除，又因为C选项在感情色彩上是负面，与原文感情色彩相违背，故答案选择 D58. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.正确答案 C题目解析 本题为判断正误题，也叫做细节推断题，解题方法依据选项中的人物专有名词来定位找要点，A 定位词为CM在原文倒数第二个自然段出现，其中引号的句子中用了worries 与答案中的properly 相反，所以排除；B定位词为GN和Standard English.文中出现Standard English.是在倒数第二个自然段与CM相关的信息，所以此选项为典型的张冠李戴；D选项为片面的夸大其辞，文章层面只能看到language is changing 而没有任何细节提到improving 所以根据文章第四自然段可以推断出C为正确选项59. The expression bet your bottom dollar in Paragraph 5 means _.A. be fairly sure B. be greatly surprisedC. think it a pity D. find it interesting正确答案 A题目解析 本题为短语推断题，解题方法 结合上下文逻辑关系，上文提到年轻人会harming 语言，下文接着说当他们成为父母后，they too will think this way .他们也会这么想，那么中间空出一定是强调，并凸显出下文，那么最满足条件的解释是A选项60. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on InternetB. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?C. Is Netspeak Helpful in Language Learning?D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages正确答案 B题目解析本题为主旨大意题，结合专家的观点，既引号中的句子我们可以断定，全文的中心思想是为了凸显出netspeak的好，A 选项文章没有凸显出widely -used C 选项没有重点提及到language learning D文章观点很鲜明，并不是正反观点的论证 故答案选择 B七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处 的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共8分，每小题2分）Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey live in Iowa. They have a big family. Mikayla is the oldest child in the family. She is six years old. The other children are Brandon, Joe, Kelsey, Kenney, Natalie, Alexis and Nathan. They are all five years old. Why are they all the same age? _ (61). They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time. _ (62). In the beginning, many people helped them. They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies. Every week , the septuplets used about 170 diapers(尿布)!_ (63). Now the children are older. The septuplets started school this year. But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla. When Mikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided to teach her at home._ (64).Now Bobbi is the teacher for all eight of her children. 61. 正确答案B. 我们发现有关键词Born与age、five years old相呼应。再看空格的前两句内容提到They are all five years old. Why are they all the same age? 结合常理我们能够得到他们应该是同时出生的。分析五个选项，排除不符合前后文意思内容的选项。再通过后文说They are septuplets!(七胞胎)第二个选项明显符合先后文的因果关系，故选B。62. 正确答案E.先看单词，look after复现。看空的前后，前文说同时照顾七个宝宝是个艰辛的工作，后文说起初有很多人帮助他们。前后逻辑是相反的，所以中间应该有转折。再看选项，把各个选项实在带入只有E符合前后行文顺序其它的内容均与该空无关，故选E。63. 正确答案A. 首先注意关键词they 的指代，前文说到他们每天需要大量的尿布，而把所有选项带入后发现只有A选项与原文空格位置逻辑顺序相符。故选A。其他选项与前文所描述内容不能有效联系，所以不选。64. 正确答案C.关键词复现：Bobbi和关键词替换原文中的teach与选项中的teacher,从逻辑看，带入C，去年Bobbi 是 Mikayla的老师，与下文现在她是所有孩子的老师成顺承关系。同时注意空格后一句的内容。把选项C带入前后文所描述的内容一致。故选C。其它选项与本题前后内容描述不一致逻辑不一致，故不选。八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?Use It UpYou can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. Dont throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.Wear It OutYou do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers have broken laces, but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You dont have the latest iPhone until the old one doesnt work anymore. Then you can get a new one. Think twice before replacing something that still works.Make It DoWhen something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter sandwich. You are out of butter. Have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new.Do WithoutThink about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things that we want uses up your worlds resources(资源). And, getting rid of the things we dont want any more takes up even more resources and space.65. Do we need to be responsible for our environment?66. How do we deal with the last little piece of soap?67. When do we need to get a new iPhone?68. What should we do when something we want is not on hand？69. What does the writer want to tell us?65.正确答案：Yes.细节题，定位至文章第一段第一句话。66. 正确答案：Use the last little piece of soap/ Use it.细节题，定位至Use It Up标题下的第三句话。67. 正确答案：The old one doesnt work anymore细节题，定位至Wear It Out标题下的第四句话。68. 正确答案：Look for something else that you already have to take its place.69. 正确答案：What we should do to be a frugal consumer , in order to be responsible for our environment.主旨题,作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都是在是如何才能对环境负责，也就是对环境负责的具体做法有哪些。九、完成句子（共10分，每小题2分）根据中文意思完成句子70. 我喜欢北京的秋天，你呢？I like the autumn in Beijing, _ you?【答案】What about;【分析】对比中英文，英文缺失部分为（你）呢？，表示询问对方意见。语言点：What about / How about (you) 你呢？，用来询问对方的情况或看法，在模考题目中经常出现，而且也在2005年和2009年的北京市中考真题中也曾经出现过。【难度】简单71. 多吃蔬菜水果对健康有好处。_ your health to eat more vegetables and fruit.【答案】Its good for (It will do good to);【分析】对比中英文，英文缺失部分为对有好处。语言点：Its + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 评价句型，it做形式主语，在2005年，2008年，2009年，2010年的四年中考题中考题的完成句子题目中都出现过。而且此类句型在写作中也常出现。【难度】简单72. 你愿意参观我们的新学校吗？_ to visit our new school?【答案】Would you like;【分析】对比中英文，英文缺失部分为你愿意吗？语言点：Would you like + do sth. 你愿意（做某事）吗？此类句型虽然在2005到2010年的北京市中考真题中没有出现过，但是在模考题中也常出现。【难度】简单73. 哥哥花了一个星期教我弹吉他。_to play the guitar.【答案】It took my brother a week to teach me how;【分析】对比中英文，英文缺失部分为哥哥花了一个星期教我。语言点：It takes / took + 某人 + 一段时间 + to do sth. （某事）花某人一段时间做某事。在2011年的各区一模、二模考试中频繁出现。但是需要注意take的时态，本句的中文哥哥花了一个星期教我弹吉他。虽然没有时间状语，但是明显说明教这个动作发生在过去。【难度】中等74. 妈妈常常告诉我，既不要炫耀自己，也不要轻视别人。Mom often _.【答案】tells me neither to show off nor to look down upon others.【分析】对比中英文，英文缺失部分为告诉我，既不要炫耀自己，也不要轻视别人。语言点：1. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事；2. neither nor 既不也不3. show off 炫耀4. 轻视look down upon虽然以上语言点在2005年到2010年的中考真题中从来没有出现过，但是细细看来，都不属生僻的语言点，所用词汇也非常简单，例如：myself、others。只是考生需要注意，由于主语是Mom，所以谓语动词tell应该为第三人称单数tells。【难度】中等偏难十、文段表达（15分）根据中文和英文提示，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的回信。信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所完成的回信内。请不要写出席的校名和姓名。75. 成长中每个人都要面对烦恼，并解决问题。假设你叫刘明，是美国中学生爱莉丝的朋友。你受到她的电子邮件，请给她回复，回答她的问题，提出你的建议，并就此事谈谈你的看法。 今年中考英语作文写 money今天上午，北京市2011年中考英语试题新鲜出炉，作文题目保持了北京市中考英语作文题目的一贯出题风格 - 形式灵活、内容生活化。让考生着实很难在考前有一个准确的预测。命题形式：今年的中考作文题目岁仍然以书信形式，即假如你是XXX，你的美国朋友XXX给你写了一封信，请你根据来信内容，写一封回信内容要点：1. 回答她的问题2. 提出建议3. 对于此事谈谈你的看法来信内容简要说明：Alice表示自己的好友Angela问自己借钱，但自己不知是否该借给她，担心对方可能不能归还。问刘明是否遇到同样的问题？请刘明给自己一些建议，期待回信。解题思路：依旧牢记结构、要点、逻辑、语法、亮点五大要素，审题一定要仔细，看准题目中的要点为：回答她的问题；提出建议；对于此事谈谈你的看法。1. 结构、要点文章第一部分，首先要做的就是在来信中找问题，很明显，只有一个问句 Do you have the same problem? ，所以作文中应该开门见山：I have the same problem. / I have never met things like this. 而且，来信的第一句话为 Im so sad.， 所以第一部分内容可以表示安慰 Dont worry 或者表示理解对方的感受 I can understand you.文章第二部分，根据第二个要点，提出建议。可能涉及到如下几种建议，如：If its not a lot of money, you can lend it to her.（如果钱不多的话，可以借给她）If she wants to borrow a lot of money from you, youd better suggest her to ask her parents for help. （如果她想要借很多钱的话，你最好建议她去问她的父母寻求帮助）If you decide to help her, then trust her, because she is your close friend.（如果你决定把钱借给她的话，就要信任她，因为她是你的好朋友。）文章第三部分，根据第三个要点，谈谈自己的感受，其实，也就是回答why，即：为什么要给出如上建议的原因。如：Friendship is more important than money, if your close friend needs help, you are supposed to give him / her a hand and trust him / her. （友谊和信任比金钱更重要，如果你的好朋友需要帮助，你应该帮助他/她，并且给予信任。）We students dont have jobs to earn money but depend on our parents, when we need some money, its always a better choice to ask our parents for help instead of turn to our friends. Meanwhile, we should be honest to our parents. （我们学生没有工作，不挣钱，需要依赖我们的父母。当我们需要用钱的时候，问父母要总比问同学借要好。同时，我们应该对父母要保持诚实）2. 逻辑如果考生能够找全题目要点，并且按照要点所给顺序写下来，结构清晰，那么逻辑应该是通顺的。因为全文基本是按照如下思路：现身说法，对于对方所遇到的问题表示理解 - 提出建议 - 说明感受，即说明所提建议的原因。其中，可以使用大量的逻辑连词和状语从句表示因果、条件、转折等逻辑关系。3. 语法、亮点根据题目要求，回信文体形式大体为说明文，议论参半，所以下笔前首先确定文章时态大体为一般现在时态。由于文章话题属于生活化细节问题，所以文章内容一般不涉及难度过大的词或句子，只要句式灵活多变，用词准确、丰富，逻辑通顺，语法完全正确，多用词组，向批卷老师呈现出扎实的语法功底和丰富的词汇量，也就是文章的亮点所在。（附）2007-2010年北京市中考英语作文题目分析：年份 题目 文体 有无提示词语 字数 要求 2007(大纲卷)根据来信，写一封回信，帮助英国笔友露西解决问题。（露西过度痴迷于影星Tom Cruise，影响学习）书信 说明文无不少于50词2007(课标卷)你校美籍学生Tom想了解北京的基本情况； Mary 感到很孤独。假如你是李华，首先作自我介绍，然后提出建议，并说一说即将如何帮助他或她 。说明文有不少于60词2008简要介绍林浩同学的事迹，谈谈你对这件事的感受，以及你要向他学习什么。记叙文有不少于60词2009每个家庭都有许多家务，人人都应该学做一些。谈谈你经常帮父母做那些家务，有什么体会，并打算在暑假为家里做什么。说明文有不少于60词2010针对好友Tony的来信，回答他的 问题，介绍北京良好的公交服务，并 谈谈你的感受。书信 说明文无不少于60对比这几年的中考英语作文题目，我们从如下几点来进行对比，从而发现其中的命题规律以及答题方法：1. 内容要点：一篇合格的应试类英语作文，首要的是内容上满足题目中给出的所有要点，这也是各个分数等级的评分标准中第一个考察点。我们可以说北京市中考英语作文题出得非常善良，题目中明确给出了提纲式的内容要点，考生只要稍加注意，找到要点，并将每个要点写清楚，文章的基本分数就拿到了，更不至于跑题。回信类作文的要点往往出现在题目中请给XXX写一封回信、短文/ 内容包括的字样后面，如：2008年：内容包括林浩同学的事迹简介，你对这件事的感受，以及你要向他学习什么。2010年：请给托尼写一封回信， 回答他的问题，介绍北京良好的公交服务，并谈谈你的感受。那么，划横线的部分就是所要写的内容要点。TIP