英语国家概况练习题集.docVIP

美国概况练习题1：1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_.2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is _.3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is_.4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is_.5 _ has the worlds oldest written constitution and political party.6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by_.7 In the United States, primary education requires_ years.8 Most college students in the United States are in_ institutions.9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are_.10 _ (which state )is not governed by the common law.练习题2 ：1 Of the fifty states of America, _states now have the death penalty as punishment.2 The four major regions of the United Sates are_.3 _ regions culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit.4 _ is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.5Hollywoodis often used as a synonym for_6 The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_.7 The north-eastern part of the United States New England enjoys a _climate.8 To the west of mainland American lies the _ Ocean.9 Detroit, a U.S. city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its_.10 The natives of the continent of the America are the_.练习题3 ：1. _is the largest city and the chief port of the United States. A. Washington D.C B. Los Angeles C. San Francisco D . New York City2 _ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions. A. Blacks B. Hispanics C. Indians D. Asian Americans3 Washington D.C. is named after_. A the U.S. President George Washington B Christopher Columbus C both George Washington and Christopher Columbus D none of them4 American and British English are two_ of the English language. A varieties B elementsC parts D. forms5. The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was _. A. Thomas Jefferson B. James MonroeC. James Madison D. Abraham Lincoln6 Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_. A. Rhode Island B. Virginia C. Texas D Montana7 The national flag of the United States is known as_. A. the Star-Spangled Banner B. Uncle Sam C. Hot Dog D. Union Jack8. The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _ . A contribution a state has made to the nation B population C size D none of the above9 The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _. A the Amazon River B the Mississippi River C the Nile River D the Hudson River10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_ as a gift in 1884.A France B Spain C Italy D Britain练习题4 ： 1. Ernest Hemingway is _. A. Englishman B. American C.Dutch D. Denmark 2 .John Fitzgerald Kennedy is _ president. A. 35th B. 34th C. 33rd D. 32nd 3. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, opened in _ to serve the “Muslim sex”. A. New England B. Virginia C. Massachusetts D. New York 4. The capital of Massachusetts is _. A .Providence B. Boston C. Montpelier D. Augusta 5. _ is the dividing line between the South and North. A .The Hudson River B. The Potomac River C. The Ohio River D. The Missouri River 6. _ is Washingtons largest city. A .BoiseB. DenverC. Tacoma D .Seattle 7. Washington D.C., the capital of U.S. is situated on the _River banks. A .St. Lawrence B. Hudson C. PotomacD. Missouri 8. When did the American Civil War break out? A. 1775 B. 1812 C. 1861 D. 1863 9 .Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence? A. John Adams B. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin Franklin D. John Hancock 10. In which day is Halloween celebrated? A .5 November B. 31 October C .17 March D. 25 December 练习题5： 1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _. A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin 2. The New Deal was started by _. A Franklin Roosevelt B J.K. Kennedy C George Washington D Thomas Jefferson 3. The United States was rated _ in the world in terms of land areas. A second B third C fourth D fifth 4 The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _. A Teachers B students C headmaster D boards of education 5 The Bill of Rights consists of _. A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment B 10 amendments adopted in 1787 C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791 D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion 6 The United States produces as much as much as half of the worlds _. A wheat and rice B cotton C tobacco D soybeans and corn 7 Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”? A Newspaper B Telegraph C Laundry machine D Television 8 The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from _. A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson C John Adams D John Locke 9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if _. A Washington D.C. B San Francisco C New York D Chicago 10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_. A according to their population B according to their size C according to their tax paid to federal government D equally 练习题6： 1 The Rocky Mountains is located in _. A Great Britain B Australia C South Africa D North America 2 Hollywood, the centre of American movie industry, is closest to which city? A Los Angles B Chicago C New York D Washington 3 Which of the following is an American newspaper? A The Guardian B Newsweek C The International Herald Tribune D The Daily Telegraph 4 The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because _. A its steel industry is highly developed B it has great influence on the world C it is an important economic center of the world D people from different races live there together 5 The first Puritans came to America on the ship _. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower D. Discovery 6 Americans celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday in May to honor those who have _. A given their lives for their country B made great scientific discoveries C won American great reputation in sports D. donated large amounts of money to the country 7. “Trick or Treat” is a phrase that children often use when they celebrated _. A New Years Day B Veterans Day C Halloween D Christmas 8 The Easter egg and the hare, two of the symbols most frequently associated with Easter, are considered to present _. A vigor and bravery B fertility and new life C originality and speed D happiness and fun 9 Which of the following books is not written by Mark Twain, whose real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens? A The Adventures of Tom Sawyer B The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn C Life on the Mississippi D Leaves of grass 10 Which of the following books is written by Washington Irving? A. Nature B. The Scarlet Letter C. The Sketch Book D. Farewell to Arms 练习题7： 1 The world-famous Havard University is in _. A Massachusetts B New York C Washington D.C. D. Maine 2 Which of the following statements about American education is wrong? A Elementary and secondary education in America is free and compulsory B Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals. C There are more public colleges and universities than the private ones D Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelors degree. 3 _ is a symbol of American theatre and world-class entertainment. A Broadway B Wall Street C The Fifth Avenue D Times Square 4 _ is not a tourist attraction in the United States. A Yellowstone National Park B Grand Canyon C St. Patricks Cathedral D Stonehenge 5 _ was an actor before he became the President. A Ronald Reagan B Abraham Lincoln C. Herbert Hoover D. Jimmy Carter 6 New Englanders were originally known as _, which come to stand for all Americans. A Hippies B Yankees C. Uncle Sam D. Brother Jonathan 7 On the 30th of April 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _, which housed the government then. A New York B. Washington D.C. C. Philadelphia D. Boston 8 Which of the following people was not an American President? A John Hancock B John Adams C. John Q. Adams D. Jimmy Carter 9 Henry Fond was the first man to _. A. design a plane B. fly an aeroplane C. mass-produciton D. design and make a car 10 “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, ”were the words by _. A. Thomas Jefferson B. Abraham Lincoln C. Andrew Johnson D. Theodore Roosevelt练习题81. In area, the United States is the _ largest country in the world.A 2nd B 3rd C 4th D 5th 2. The 50th state in America is _A Alaska B Texas C Hawaii D Rhode Island3. Mauna Loa, the worlds largest active volcano, is located in _A Hawaii B Alaska C Texas D Perth4. Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 because of _. A the Great Depression B the Black Power Movement C the Watergate Scandal D the Isolation policy5. All the following universities are located in New England EXCEPT_A Yale B Harvard C MIT D Berkeley6. The United States has less than 6% of the worlds population; yet it produces about _ of the total world output. A 20% B 25% C 30% D 35%7. What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States?A The Rio Grande River B The southern Rocky MountainsC The Colorado River D The Gulf of California8. The US formally entered the Second World War in _ A 1937 B 1939 C1941 D 19439. The Presidents during the American Civil War was . A Andrew Jackson B Abraham Lincoln C Thomas Jefferson D George Washington 10 The emblem of the Democratic Party is _.A elephant B donkey C bear D bull练习题1 答案及题解:1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。3 .Non-hispanics white， 非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。4 .African Americans， 2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体。5 .America， 美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党。6. World War II， 第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境。7. Six years， 美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间。8. Public， 大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读。9 .美国的联邦法院系统包括：the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court. 10 .Louisana， 路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束。练习题2 答案及题解:1 38, 美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑。2 Northeast, South, Midwest and West, 美国的主要四大部分不包括北部。3 The New England Region, 美国的新英格兰地区， 也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响。4 California，加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多。5 American films，好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地。6 the Mississippi River，美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。被美国人视为“众河之父”，沿河流域也是美国的主要农作物产区。7 typical continental，美国东北部的新英格兰地区是典型的大陆性气候。冬天寒冷，夏天炎热。8 Pacific Ocean， 美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南靠墨西哥及墨西哥湾。9 automobile industry， 底特律是美国著名的汽车城。10 Indians， 美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人。练习题3 答案及题解:1 D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。2 A, 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下。3 C, 首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治华盛顿，而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂哥伦布。4 A, 美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体。5 D, 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕林肯。6 A, 美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛。7 A, 美国的国旗是星条旗。8 B, 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例。9 B, 美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河。10 A, 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物。练习题4 答案及题解: 1. B,文坛巨匠海明威是美国人。 2 .A,肯尼迪是美国的第35任总统。 3. C,美国的第一所女子学院开设于马萨诸塞州。 4 .B,麻省的首府是波士顿。 5. D,美国南北的分界线是密苏里河，东西的分界线是密西西比河。 6 .D,华盛顿州的最大城市是西雅图。 7. C,华盛顿特区位于波托马克河上。 8. C,美国内战爆发于1861年，结束于1865年。 9 .B,为美国起草独立宣言的是托马斯杰弗逊。 10 .B,万圣节前夕是10月的最后一天即10月31号。练习题5 答案及题解 1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。 2 A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。 3 C, 就面积而言， 美国是世界第四大国。 4 D, 对此有决定权的是教育委员会。 5 C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。 6 D, 美国出产占世界一半的是大豆和玉米。 7 D, 开创人类视觉信息革命的重大发明是电视机。 8 D, 美国的许多政治观念都是来源于英国著名哲学家约翰洛克。 9 C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区， 也是纽约的中心地带。 10 D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表，与各州人口无关和众议院不同）。练习题6 答案及题解: 1 D, 落基山脉位于美国西北部， 向东南延伸。 2 A, 好莱坞和迪士尼均位于洛杉矶。 3 B, 新闻周刊是美国的报纸， 而国际先驱论坛是法国的， 卫报和每日电讯为英国的。 4 D, 美国被称之为“大熔炉”是因为来自世界各地的人们所带来的各自的文化在此交融形成独特的多元文化特征。 5 C, 首批清教徒到美国时乘坐的船是“五月花号”。 6 A, Memorial Day 是美国的阵亡将士纪念日。 7 C, 万圣节是美国的传统节日。万圣节前夜， 孩子们带着各种面具， 穿着奇异的衣服，跑到邻居家门前，高声喊着：“Trick or Treat”，向大人们讨要糖果。不给的邻居就会遭到小孩的恶作剧。 8 B, 复活节彩蛋和兔子是“多产和新生”的象征。 9 D, Leaves if grass 是 Walt Whitman 的作品。 10 C, Washington Irving 被称作是美国文学之父， 这是他最有名的作品。A 是 Ralph W. Emerson 的作品, B 是 Nathaniel Hawthorne 的作品, D 是 Earnest Hemingway 的作品。练习题7 答案及题解: 1 A, 哈佛大学位于马萨诸塞州的剑桥(Cambridge)镇。 2 C, 在美国， 私立高等教育机构要多于公立的。象麻省理工， 耶鲁大学， 哈佛大学都是私立的。 3 A, 百老汇是一条由南向北贯穿曼哈顿全岛的大道， 其中心地带是在第42借“时代广场”附近， 周围云集了几十家剧院， 上演被称为现代歌舞剧的剧目。 4 D, Stonehenge 在英国， 是古代城池的遗迹。 5 A, 里根从政前曾经在好莱坞闯荡20多年，参与演出了50多部电影。 6 B, Yankees 一词具有丰富的含义。 现在用于代表美国人，俗称美国佬。 在美国南部，Yankee是指美国北部各州的居民， 即北方佬；而对多数美国人来说，Yankee 意味着新英格兰人。 7 A, 1789年George Washington 在纽约宣誓就职， 1790年首都迁往费城。 1800年以后定都华盛顿。 8 A, John Hancock，因其当时在独立宣言上的签名很大，他的名字在美语里变成了签名的代名词。 9 C, Henry Ford 早期是一名技师， 虽然没有发明汽车， 但他是第一位批量生产汽车的人。 10 B, 这是Abraham Lincoln 于1863年11月19日在葛底斯堡阵亡将士墓举行落成仪式上发表的著名的葛底斯堡演说的片语。练习题8 答案及解析:1.C 按领土面积计算：美国是继俄罗斯，加拿大，中国之后的第四名。 2.C 1959年，Alasica和Hawaii分别为第四十九个和第五十个加入美国的州。3.A Mauna Loa（摩纳罗亚山）是世界上最大的活火山。位于美国Hawaii（夏威夷）。4.C 尼克松总统辞职是由于轰动一时的丑闻“水门事件”。水门事件指美国共和党政府在1972年总统竞选运动中的非法活动暴露后的政治丑闻。 5.D Berkeley（伯克利），是加利福尼亚大学分院，位于美国加利福尼亚西部。而新英格兰地区包括美国的六个州，由北至南分别为：缅因州、新罕布夏州、佛蒙特州、麻萨诸塞州、罗德岛、康乃狄克州。6.B 美国人口低于世界人口总值的6%，但是美国经济生产总值占世界25%，是高度工业化国家。7.A The Rio Grand River（格兰德河）形成了美国与墨西哥的自然分界线。8.C 1941年的珍珠港事件把美国带入了第二次世界战争，与苏联，英国共同对战法西斯。9.B Abraham Lincoln是美国第十六届总统，带领美国人走过美国内战，解放奴隶，但是在战争结束不到一周被暗杀。10.B 19世纪70年代，在美国的哈泼斯周刊上，曾先后出现了政治漫画家托马斯纳斯特的两幅画，分别以长耳朵的驴和长鼻子的象比拟美国民主党和共和党。后来，纳斯特又在一幅画中同时画进了象和驴，比喻当时的两党竞选。自那以后，驴和象就逐渐成为美国两大党的象征，两党也分别以驴、象作为党徽的标记。英国概况 练习题1：1 Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _. A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade. B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport. C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected. D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.2 The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _ has very little power. A queen B monarch C prime minister D king3 Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them? A the Labor Party B the Conservative Party C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party4 On accepting _, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began. A Constitutional Law B The Declaration of Independence C Civil Law D Bill of Rights5 Females were allowed to vote in national elections until _. A 1918 B 1916 C 1920 D 18966 The British North America Act of 1867 established _ as a domain. A . Australia B Canada C New Zealand D India7 During World War II, as a war leader, _ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945. A Harold Wilson B Edward Heath C Franklin Roosevelt D Winston Churchill8 The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _. A France B New Zealand C Argentina D Australia9 In Britain, a _ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns. A civic election B by-election C popular election D general election10 In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _. A the Lord Chancellor B the Monarch C the Prime Minister D the King 练习题2： 1 How many members are there in the House of Commons? A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651 2 Which of the following people didnt use to be the British Prime Minister? A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major 3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament C Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House 4 The Tories were the forerunners of _, which still bears this nickname today. A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party 5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the _ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes th