诗经选-许渊冲.doc

诗经是我国，也是全世界最早的一部诗歌总集。分为风雅颂三类。风是民间歌谣，雅是宫廷乐歌，颂是宫廷舞歌。 “风雅颂赋比兴”合称诗的“六艺”，前三者是诗的类别，后三者是诗的艺术，“赋”是直叙其事，“比”是以物喻人，“兴”是见景生情。孔子说过，诗可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。“兴”是见物兴感，如关雎见雎鸠思淑女，“观”是观察现实，如大明选段记载武王伐纣的历史，“群”是交流思想，如秦风无衣同仇敌忾，“怨”是批评讽刺，如伐檀讽刺不劳而获的剥削者。冯友兰解释，“礼”模仿自然界外在的秩序，“乐”模仿自然界内在的和谐。 硕鼠硕鼠，无食我黍（shu）！三岁贯女，莫我肯顾。逝将去汝，适彼乐土。乐土乐土，爰（yun）得我所。硕鼠硕鼠，无食我麦（mai）！三岁贯女，莫我肯德（de）。逝将去汝，适彼乐国。乐国乐国，爰得我直（zhi）。硕鼠硕鼠，无食我苗！三岁贯女，莫我肯劳。逝将去汝，适彼乐郊。乐郊乐郊，谁之永号？LargeRatLargerat,largerat,Eatnomoremilletwegrow!Threeyearsyouhavegrownfat;Nocareforusyoushow.Wellleaveyounow,Iswear,Forahappierland,AhappierlandwhereInourownplacewellstand.Largerat,largerat,Eatnomorewheatwegrow!Threeyearsyouhavegrownfat;Nokindnessforusyoushow.Wellleaveyounow,Iswear,WellleavethelandofourbirthForahappystatewhereWecangetwhatwereworth.Largerat, largerat,Eatnomorericewegrow!Threeyearsyouhavegrownfat,Norewardstoourlaborgo.Wellleaveyounow,Lswear,Forahappierplain,AhappierplainwhereNonewillgroanorcomplain. 蒹葭诗经蒹葭（jinji）苍苍，白露为霜。所谓伊人，在水一方。溯（s）洄（hu）从之，道阻且长。溯游从之，宛在水中央。蒹葭萋萋，白露未晞（x）。所谓伊人，在水之湄（mi）。溯洄从之，道阻且跻（j）。溯游从之，宛在水中坻（ch）。蒹葭采采，白露未已。所谓伊人，在水之涘（s）。溯洄从之，道阻且右。溯游从之，宛在水中沚（zh）。TheReedGreen, greenthereed,Dewandfrostgleam.WheressheIneed?Beyondthestream.UpstreamIgo,Thewayislong.DownstreamIgo,Shesthereamong.White,whitethereed,Dewnotyetdried.WheressheIneed?Ontheotherside.UpstreamIgo,Hardistheway.DownstreamIgo,Shesfaraway.Bright,brightthereed,Dewandfrostblend.WheressheIneed?Atriversend.UpstreamIgo,Thewaydoeswind,DownstreamIgo,Shesfarbehind. 桃夭桃之夭夭，灼灼其华。之子于归，宜其室家。桃之夭夭，有蕡(fn)其实。之子于归，宜其家室。桃之夭夭，其叶蓁(zhn)蓁。之子于归，宜其家人。PeachBlossomsBeamThepeachtreebeamssored,Howbrilliantareitsflowers!Themaidensgettingwed,Goodforthenuptialbowers.Thepeachtreebeamssored,Howabundantitsfruit!Themaidensgettingwed,Goodasfamilysroot.Thepeachtreebeamssored,Itsleavesaremanifold.Themaidendgettingwed,Goodforthewholehousehold. 摽有梅摽有梅，其实七兮！求我庶士，迨其吉兮！摽有梅，其实三兮！求我庶士，迨其今兮！摽有梅，顷筐塈之！求我庶士，迨其谓兮！MumeFruitsFallThefruitsfrommume-treefall,One-thirdofthemaway.Ifyoulovemeatall,Woomealuckyday!Thefruitsfrommune-treefall,Two-thirdsofthemaway.Ifyoulovemeatall,Woomethisveryday!Thefruitsfrommume-treefall,Nowallofthemaway.Ifyoulovemeatall,Youneednotwoobutsay! 诗经选关雎关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好（ho）逑（qi)。参差荇菜，左右流之。窈窕淑女，寤（w）寐(mi)求之。求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。参差荇菜，左右采之。窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。参差荇菜，左右芼（mo）之。窈窕淑女，钟鼓乐（l）之。SelectionsfromtheBookofPoetryCooingandWooingByriversidearecooingApairofturtledoves.AgoodyoungmaniswooingAfairmaidenhelovesWaterflowsleftandrightOfcresseshereabdthere.TheyouthyearnsdayandnightForthegoodmaidenfair.Hisyearninggrowssostrong,Hecannotfallasleep.Hetossesallnightlong,Sodeepinlove,sodeep.NowgatherleftandrightThecressessweetandtender.Olute,playmusicbrightForthebridesweetandslender.FeastfriendsatleftandrightWithcressescookedtender.Obellsanddrums,delightThebridesofairandslender. 秦风无衣岂曰无衣？与子同袍。王于兴师，修我戈矛。与子同仇！岂曰无衣？与子同泽。王于兴师，修我矛戟。与子偕作！岂曰无衣？与子同裳。王于兴师，修我甲兵。与子偕行！ComradeshipAreyounotbattle-dressed?Letssharetheplateforbreast!Weshallgouptheline.Letsmakeourlancesshine!Yourfoeismine.Areyounotbattle-dressed?Letssharethecoatandvest!Weshallgouptheline.Letsmakeourhalberdsshine!Yourjobismine.Areyounotbattle-dressed?Letssharethekiltandtherest!Weshallgouptheline.Letsmakeourarmorshine!Andmarchyourhandinmine! 木瓜投我以木瓜，报之以琼琚。匪报也，永以为好也！投我以木桃，报之以琼瑶。匪报也，永以为好也！投我以木李，报之以琼玖。匪报也，永以为好也！GiftsShethrowsaquincetome,IgiveheragreenjadeNotinreturn,yousee,Buttoshowac