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黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计PAGE 2摘要轮胎是汽车行驶系统中的重要部件，通过轮胎与地面直接接触，在道路上行驶。其主要作用是：支撑汽车的整车总质量，与汽车悬架共同吸收和缓和汽车行驶时所受到的冲击和振动，以保证汽车具有良好的乘坐舒适性和行驶平顺性保证轮胎与路面的良好附着而不致打滑，使汽车行驶平稳。 本次汽车轮胎静态加载变形测试装置设计主要偏重于对其液压加载系统的设计，另外分别辅之进行台架材料的选择与计算校核、传动半轴选择计算、实验台与轮胎轮辋连接部分的设计、台架与加载液压缸的固定等并产生具有实践意义的选型总结；然后进行汽车轮胎静态加载变形测试装置的总体布置，用总布置草图表达主要加载机构的设计和重要工作装置的布置；最后通过正确的计算，完成部件设计选型，达到工艺合理、小批量加工容易、成本低、可靠性高的设计要求，并附之以总装配图，清楚表达设计。关键词：汽车轮胎；轮胎试验；静态加载；液压系统；加载装置ABSTRACTThe tyres are the important parts of automobile driving system, through direct contact with the ground, and tires in the road. Its main function is: quality of automobile vehicle always supported, and automobile suspension common absorption and ease of vehicle shock and vibration, in order to ensure that the car has a good ride comfort and ride with the good guarantee tire surface without attachment, make the car skidded.This car tyres static loading test device design deformation of the main focus on the design of hydraulic loading system, in addition to the bench for auxiliary materials were calculated, and the choice and transmission axis calculation and experimental platform and the choice of design of tyres felloe connection with loading bench, hydraulic cylinder of fixed and practical selection, Then the static load test of deformation car tires with the overall layout, equipment layout drawing expression of design and loading mechanism is an important work of the device, Finally, through the correct calculation, complete parts design, reasonable selection process and small batch processing easily, low cost, high reliability design requirements, and possessed by the assembly, clear design.Key words: Car tyres ; Tyre testing; Static load; Hydraulic system; Loading device目录 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc233135987摘要 PAGEREF _Toc233135987 h IHYPERLINK l _Toc233135988Abstract PAGEREF _Toc233135988 h IIHYPERLINK l _Toc233135989第1章 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc233135989 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359901.1概述 PAGEREF _Toc233135990 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359911.1.1课题研究现状 PAGEREF _Toc233135991 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359921.1.2目的和意义 PAGEREF _Toc233135992 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359931.2轮胎领域的发展状况 PAGEREF _Toc233135993 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359941.2.1轮胎的发展状况 PAGEREF _Toc233135994 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359951.2.2轮胎的检测标准 PAGEREF _Toc233135995 h 2HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359961.2.3轮胎实验的研究状况 PAGEREF _Toc233135996 h 3HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359971.3轮胎测试装置的发展 PAGEREF _Toc233135997 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359981.4课题基本内容 PAGEREF _Toc233135998 h 7HYPERLINK l _Toc2331359991.4.1研究的基本内容 PAGEREF _Toc233135999 h 7HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360001.4.2本设计主要解决的问题 PAGEREF _Toc233136000 h 8HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360011.4.3技术路线 PAGEREF _Toc233136001 h 8HYPERLINK l _Toc233136002第2章 车轮悬置部分总体结构设计 PAGEREF _Toc233136002 h 9HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360032.1总体的结构设计 PAGEREF _Toc233136003 h 9HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360082.2液压加载力的确定 PAGEREF _Toc233136008 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360092.3本章小结 PAGEREF _Toc233136009 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc233136010第3章 液压加载系统设计计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136010 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360113.1液压系统的设计要求 PAGEREF _Toc233136011 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360123.2载荷的组成和计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136012 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360133.3液压系统主要参数计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136013 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360143.3.1初选系统工作压力 PAGEREF _Toc233136014 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360153.3.2计算液压缸的主要尺寸 PAGEREF _Toc233136015 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360163.4液压缸主要零部件设计 PAGEREF _Toc233136016 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360173.4.1缸筒 PAGEREF _Toc233136017 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360183.4.2活塞 PAGEREF _Toc233136018 h 17HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360193.4.3活塞杆 PAGEREF _Toc233136019 h 18HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360203.4.4活塞杆的导向套及密封和防尘 PAGEREF _Toc233136020 h 20HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360213.4.5油口 PAGEREF _Toc233136021 h 20HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360223.5制定基本方案和绘制液压系统图 PAGEREF _Toc233136022 h 21HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360233.5.1制定基本方案 PAGEREF _Toc233136023 h 21HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360243.5.2绘制液压系统图 PAGEREF _Toc233136024 h 21HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360253.6液压元件的选择 PAGEREF _Toc233136025 h 22HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360263.6.1液压泵的选择 PAGEREF _Toc233136026 h 22HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360273.6.2液压阀的选择 PAGEREF _Toc233136027 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360283.6.3蓄能器的选择 PAGEREF _Toc233136028 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360293.6.4管道尺寸的确定 PAGEREF _Toc233136029 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360303.6.5油箱容量的确定 PAGEREF _Toc233136030 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360313.7液压系统性能验算 PAGEREF _Toc233136031 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360323.7.1验算回路中的系统压力损失 PAGEREF _Toc233136032 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360333.7.2液压系统发热升温计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136033 h 25HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360343.8本章小结 PAGEREF _Toc233136034 h 27HYPERLINK l _Toc233136035第4章 车轮驱动零部件设计 PAGEREF _Toc233136035 h 28HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360364.1 半轴的型式 PAGEREF _Toc233136036 h 28HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360374.2半轴的设计与计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136037 h 29HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360384.2.1半轴的设计计算 PAGEREF _Toc233136038 h 29HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360394.2.2半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理 PAGEREF _Toc233136039 h 31HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360404.3轮毂联接盘与轴承座结构 PAGEREF _Toc233136040 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360414.4本章小结 PAGEREF _Toc233136041 h 33HYPERLINK l _Toc233136042第5章 测试台架的结构设计及校核 PAGEREF _Toc233136042 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360435.1测试台架的结构 PAGEREF _Toc233136043 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360445.1.1测试台架结构 PAGEREF _Toc233136044 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360455.1.2测试台架的材料及制造工艺 PAGEREF _Toc233136045 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360465.2测试台架的校核 PAGEREF _Toc233136046 h 35HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360475.2.1弯曲疲劳强度校核 PAGEREF _Toc233136047 h 35HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360485.2.2拉伸疲劳强度校核 PAGEREF _Toc233136048 h 36HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360495.2.3扭转疲劳强度校核 PAGEREF _Toc233136049 h 36HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360505.3本章小结 PAGEREF _Toc233136050 h 37HYPERLINK l _Toc233136051第6章 桥壳结构的分析 PAGEREF _Toc233136051 h 38HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360526.1桥壳的受力分析 PAGEREF _Toc233136052 h 38HYPERLINK l _Toc2331360536.2相关软件简介 PAGEREF _Toc233136053 h 38HYPERLINK l _Toc23313605