名词性从句复习教案.doc

名词性从句复习教案金山中学高三英语组 李琳一、学习目标1. 本阶段大纲要求近年来，引导名词性从句的连接代词及连接副词为高考必考项目。此语法项目在语法填空中经常出现。另外学好它，对阅读理解也是大有好处的。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句2、本阶段重点、难点(1)表命令建议order,(命令），suggestion, advice(建议)的名词后的表语从句(2) that和whether的区别(3) what, that, which的用法(4) that 的省略(5) whoever引导的名词性从句(6) because引导的表语从句(7) 名词性从句皆用陈述语序二、基础知识体系、重点内容、题的类型及解题方法等1. 基础知识体系名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为：1）连接代词：who(-ever), what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose2）连接副词：when, where, why, how3）连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词和连接副词在从句中充当一定的句子成分，而连接词在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用2. 名词性从句的难点把握1) 由whoever/whatever/whichever/whomever引导的名词性从句这些词引导的名词性从句相当于带有定语从句的名词词组：whoever=anyone who“任何的人”；whomever是它的宾格形式whatever=anything that “任何的物”whichever=any that “任何的（已知范围内的或上文提到过的）人或物”2）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.The suggestion (that/which) he raised at the meeting is very good. 对比发现上句中的that只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分， 因此它引导的是同位语从句，其中that不能省略；下句中that不仅起引导作用，同时在从句中还充当了动词raised的宾语，因此它是定语从句，此时that可用which代替，又因其在定语从句中充当宾语，故又可省略。2名词性从句中的what和thatwhat和that的选用一直是学生学习的一个难点，正确选择的关键是看该从句结构是否相对完整、是否缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分而定。He said at the meeting surprised everybody present.That he said nothing at the meeting surprised everybody present.The problem is what we should do to protect the earth.The fact is that we should do something to protect the earth.3名词性从句中的whether和if在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中遇“是否”句用whether引导而不用if；在宾语从句中whether和if常可换用。4名词性从句中的虚拟语气表示“坚持、命令、建议或要求”等词义出现时，不管是在哪一种从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词形式为（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。常用词有insist, suggest, order, demand等。三、典型例题典型例题分析：1_well go comping tomorrow depends on the weather. (96)A If B Whether C That D Where解析：根据句意“我们明天是否能去野餐得看天气”，在if和whether中选择，因为句中引导的是主语从句，而if不能引导主语从句，故答案为B。2_we cant get seems better than _ we have. (96)A What, what B What, that C That, that D That, what解析：本题正是从学生学习名词性从句的一个难点what和that的不同用法切入命题。that在引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，从句结构相对完整，具有陈述意义， what在引导从句的同时在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语等句子成分。在本题中，从句中的谓语动词get和have均为及物动词，其后都缺了宾语，因此答案为A。3I remember _ this used to be a quiet village. (93) when B how C where D what解析：本句从空挡至句末作及物动词remember的宾语，是一个宾语从句，从句中主语、谓语、表语都有，结构相对完整，因此连接代词what首先排除；又因句中已提到“这个村庄”、“安静”，表示地点、状态的where，how都可排除，正确答案为A，直译为“我还记得这村庄过去是个安静的村庄的那个时候，”意译“我记得这里曾一度是个安静的村庄。”4Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. ( 92)A there B where C there where D where there解析：题中从空挡至结束是一表语从句，there不能引导名词性从句，故可排除A和D，选项C句意繁复，因此正确答案为B，意思是“它还在你原来所放的地方。”where在从句中作时间状语。5No one can be sure _ in a million years. (91)A what man will look like B what will man look likeC man will look like what D what look will man like解析：本题从名词性从句的词序排列切入命题，从另一角度考测学生对名词性从句的句法结构掌握情况。当名词性从句由一含疑问意义的连接词引导时，必须把该引导词放在名词性从句的开头，从句中使用主谓结构的陈述句语序，故答案为A。6It worries her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. (92)A while B that C if D for解析：从句子的句法结构看，四个选项均能使题干结构完整，while能引导时间状语从句和表示前后两种情况对照的分句，if能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句，for能引导表示原因的并列句，但如选A、C或D，句首的it所指不明，故A、C、D均不是最佳选项，最佳选项为B，that引导主语从句，it作形式主语放在句首，句意为“她的头发在变白，这事儿使她有点着急。”四、课堂强化训练主语从句典型错误1. That she wants to know is which dress she should buy.2. He will give up his job surprises all of us. 3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished4. If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.5. That worried her a bit that he couldnt get in touch with her friend.6. He is said he has gone to America表语从句典型错误：1. The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.2:. -I