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存折翻页机的传动设计【30张CAD图纸和说明书】

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关键词：: 存折翻页传动设计 30张 cad 图纸说明书

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摘要 VII

ABSTRACT VIII

1绪论 1

1.1本课题的研究内容和意义 1

1.2国内外的发展概况 1

1.3本课题应达到的要求 2

2 总体方案设计 3

2.1 主要组成结构 3

2.2 主要技术参数 3

2.3 工作原理与工作过程概述 4

3 翻页机推出机构的工作原理 5

3.1 存折翻页机推出过程 5

3.2 翻页机推出机构工作分析 5

3.3 翻页机推出机构电机的选择 7

3.3.1 步进电机规格的选择 7

3.3.2 步进电机工作量的设定 7

4 翻页机压紧机构 8

4.1 翻页压紧装置的必要性 8

4.2 翻页机压紧装置压头材料的选择 8

4.3 压平装置的的可换设计 9

5 翻页机构的设计 10

5.1 翻页机吸附装置的设计 10

5.1.1 吸盘的选择 10

5.1.2 吸附装置摇杆及摆头的设计 12

5.2 翻页机压平装置的设计 14

5.2.1 设计压平装置的必要性 14

5.2.2 翻页机压平装置尺寸的设计 14

5.2.3 翻页机压平装置的传动设计 16

5.3 拍照机构 17

5.4 照相机的选择 17

6 推出机构的设计 18

6.1 产品推出机构的设计 18

6.2 推出机构电机的选择 18

7 翻页床身及支架的设计 19

7.1 翻页机床身的设计 19

7.2 翻页机床身电机的选择 19

7.3 翻页机支架的设计 20

8 检测系统及警报系统 25

8.1 检测系统 25

8.1.1 存折印刷质量检测 25

8.1.2 存折纸张数目的检测 25

8.1.3 存折纸张质量的检测 25

8.2 警报系统 26

9 翻页机各机构的运动连接 27

9.1各机构工作连接 27

9.2各机构工作时间的确定 27

9.3各机构的维修与检查 29

10 结论与展望 30

10.1 结论 30

10.2 不足之处及未来展望 30

致谢 31

参考文献 32

摘要

存折翻页机是用来对制造好的存折通过拍照处理进行翻页检查，并将完好的存折集中，而不合格产品则将单独放置。这一过程，大大减轻了人工逐一翻页检查的劳动量，减少了存折检查的时间，大幅度的提高了存折翻页检查的效率。本次翻页机的设计，主要利用气压原理，通过真空将纸张吸附起来，再由悬臂装置翻开，翻完后后再次压平，以用来拍照，将所拍的照片传送到计算机，分析处理，鉴定其是否符合要求。而本次存折翻页机的设计是一次伟大尝试，或许存在许多不足，但类似翻页的机械设备早已在市场出现，因此可以借鉴在市场上已经流行的翻页原理，然后设计出翻页机高效率的传动机构，尽量设计出比较完善的存折翻页机。该设计方案要求创新，高效，稳定，设计时也应从这几方面入手。设计时可借助CAD，UG等计算机辅助软件，提高设计效率。

关键词：翻页机；效率；计算机辅助软件

ABSTRACT

The passbooks next machine is used to good manufacturing passbook by camera processing to turn the page check and intact passbook concentrated substandard products will be placed separately. This process, greatly reducing the amount of labor doing one by one flip check, to reduce the passbook check time, and greatly improve the efficiency of the passbook flip check. The design of the next page, the main principle of the use of air pressure, vacuum adsorption paper, re-opened by the cantilever device, flatten it again after the turn, used to take pictures, send the photographs to the computer analysis processing, identified to meet the requirements. The design of the the passbook flip machine is a great attempt, perhaps there are many shortcomings, but similar to the flip machinery and equipment already in the market, so you can learn from the next principle has been popular in the market, and then design the next page the high efficiency of the transmission mechanism, try to design a passbook page turning machine. The design requires innovative, efficient, stable, these areas should also be designed to start. With CAD, UG, such as computer-aided software design, improve design efficiency.

Key words: flip machine；efficiency；computer-aided software

1绪论

1.1本课题的研究内容和意义

随着国家经济的迅速发展，人民生活水品的不断提高，广大群众收入不断提高，为使收入财产更加安全，银行存款无疑成为了人们的选择。面对越来越多的存款，存折数量需求的不断增加，存折检查的自动化处理成为了新的研究课题。

本课题来源于生产实际，按照公司的要求，完成存折翻页机机的设计，并能满足生产实际的需求。

本课题紧密结合生产实际的课题，对学生了解和掌握翻页原理、翻页过程，提高工程设计和解决实际问题的能力，具有很重要的意义。

目前，市场上的翻页机设备品种不是很多，而且设备不够完善，工作效率低，噪声大，本次设计的存折翻页机会对以上问题做大量的改善。

光阴荏苒，短暂的大学时光就要过去。在这几年的学习生涯中，我不仅学到了重要的专业的知识，同时也提高了自己的学习能力。但是，那些大多是书本上的理论知识，和实际任然有很大差距。通过这次的毕业设计，我可以检验自己所学的专业知识以及如何将理论知识与实际相结合的能力。

毕业设计是大学四年最关键的一个教育环节，在这次毕业设计中，我要能够灵活、系统地运用所学知识，提高自己分析问题、解决问题的能力，培养认真、严谨的学习作风和吃苦耐劳、一丝不苟、严谨的治学态度。同时，也使自己更加熟练的掌握如何查阅国内为有关的技术资料和文献，从中学会调查、收集、整理比较有价值的资料，在保留同类产品优点的同时，运用新技术、新工艺、新资料、新材料、大胆创新，以弥补同类产品的不足之处，使产品趋于更合理、更先进、更优化、更具有使用价值和良好的经济效益。

1.2国内外的发展概况

从设备的创意上来说，翻页机的出现，主要是由于随着时代的进步和科技的发展，人们开始意识到自动化的设备可以大大节省由人工工作所需的要的劳动量，别且可以提高工作效率。许多行业都需要用到纸张，纸张多为发票，文件等，有时需要对它们作检查，这时便需要工作人员一一去点清，工作枯燥乏味。并且容易发生错误。此类现象实为常见，但要解决类似于翻页检查这样的工作时，便开始涉足自动翻页机的发明。

目前国内关于翻页机的设备不是很多，日本对此项目的研究较多，但目前其研究方向多为对书籍的翻页，速度较慢，与本次设计的要求不同；本次翻页机的设计要求可以在较短的时间内对存折进行检查翻页，并将合格与不合格的产品分类摆放，以减轻人工的劳动量，并提高存折翻页检查的工作效率。

翻页计有利用黏性材料进行翻页的也有利用气压进行翻页的，后者居多。黏性材料翻页不稳定，而且需要不停更换材料，工作检查费时，不宜采用。国内有关利用真空气压作业的行业较多，许多部门可以涉及翻页机制造，所以，翻页机的制造有很大的发展空间。

1.3本课题应达到的要求

确定设计方案；电机类型及功率的确定；传动底板尺寸的确定；气压吸盘压力大小的确定。完成整机的三维设计、主要部件的组装图、重要零件的工程图、相关参数的优化。

此次设计为一项发明，所以对所完成的设计最好能够做成实体或者进行仿真，以检查是否可以投入生产使用。

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内容简介：: 编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目：存折翻页机的传动设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号： 0923245学生姓名：吴亚平指导教师：唐正宁（职称：副教授）（职称：）2012 年 5 月 25 日目录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目：存折翻页机的传动设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号： 0923245 学生姓名：吴亚平指导教师：唐正宁（职称：副教授）（职称：）2012 年 11 月 20 日课题来源某公司对存折进行翻页需要既觉得问题。随着国家经济的迅速发展，人民生活水品的不断提高，广大群众收入不断提高，为使收入财产更加安全，银行存款无疑成为了人们的选择。面对越来越多的存款，存折数量需求的不断增加，存折检查的自动化处理成为了新的研究课题。本课题来源于生产实际，按照公司的要求，完成存折翻页机机的设计，并能满足生产实际的需求。本课题紧密结合生产实际的课题，对学生了解和掌握翻页原理、翻页过程，提高工程设计和解决实际问题的能力，具有很重要的意义。科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等）存折翻页机是小型机械设备，与目前市场上较为流行的的翻页机一样，根据流体力学原理，利用大气压来吸附纸张并带动纸张运动，达到翻页的处理。本次设计主要针对存折纸张的翻页处理，要能在短时间内将存折一一翻页。相对而言，存折的纸张表面质量较好，并且一般只做一次翻页，所以不必考虑气压过大或者长期翻动纸张，造成质量下降等问题的影响。另外，由于是新的存折，当吸附系统对纸张吸附的时候，气密性好，翻页失败的几率相对而言比较低。气动翻页，需要考虑噪声问题。当存折翻页失败，或者发现存折纸张破损，质量不合格问题时，可及时处理。对此,翻页技术的发展应集中在以下几个方面。(1)提高效率，降低能耗，不断提高和改进翻页机的设备。翻页技术的关键是翻页连接处理，即处理好连续翻页的步骤，要求翻页过程系统稳定，连接平滑，可以迅速完成翻页，尽量减少不必要的能量浪费。(2)降低噪音，做到低音高速。存折翻页机采用的是气压吸附，在气体被压缩排放时，要通过降低噪音的设备进行降噪，市场上常用的小型消音器可以满足此需求。(3)设备与工艺研究针对处理。存折纸张不同于一般纸张，存折翻页机设备必须适应具体纸张特性，适当改良，在处理吸附翻页时做到游刃有余。(4)开发只能警报设备。如在翻页过程中，由于纸张不平整，设备老化或者受外界干扰时吸附失败，系统可以做及时反馈，将翻页失败的存折主动溢出，或者发出警报，停止工作等，提醒工作人员及时处理。现代市场出现的高效翻页机较少，针对存折的翻页机的设计史无前例，为此借鉴前者出现过的翻书机的技术是很有必要的。研究内容设计一种用于对存折进行翻页的机械设备，原理方案的功能实现，总体方案的设计，结构形式，结构参数，工作参数的设计。要求如下：1. 阅读外文资料，翻译与所学专业或课题相关的外文文献 5000 字左右，语句通顺、流畅、准确；2了解存折翻页机的工作原理3根据加工产品具体结构和加工要求，拟定分析设备设计方案4绘制整套零件图，装配图，各零件的精度配合5. 用 Proe 进行造型，装配后进行运动仿真6. 撰写论文，要求符合本科论文的格式要求，语言简洁、流畅、层次分明。上机时数不少于 200 小时，整个毕业设计过程的技术工作要严谨、灵活、工作要有主动性，计算方法、计算的程序、计算结果、结论要正确。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析（存折翻页机传动部分主要有存放存折的存折槽（进出口两个）、曲柄回转机构、底座、步进电机、吸盘、摇摆杆、推板、压块等组成。其推送翻页原理和工作过程为通过曲柄回转机构转动，带动推板运动，推动在最底部的存折至拍照位置，后由步进电机驱动摇摆杆，将吸盘放在存折上，气压系统开始工作，吸附纸张，完成回转，再有压块压住纸张，原曲柄回到原来位置，进行下一张纸张的翻页，如此循环。当最后的页数也被翻完，自动将拍照结束的存折推出。可行性分析：通过各主要部分系统的确定，主要问题可以解决。细节问题也可以方便的处理，总的来说，此方案的可行性没有问题。研究计划及预期成果明确翻页机预期达到的性能指标和工作路线。总体方案的设计，可行性的分析。翻页机的初步设计，总体结构的设计，电动机的选择，各部件的参数设计。相对位置计算，分析验证,优化设计。完成二维图和三维图的绘制。完成三维总装图的动态展示。完成设计说明书。特色或创新之处本翻页机设计简单，加工方便，生产效率高且安全性高。本翻页机的特色在于能长时间的工作，并且使用寿命较长，且占地小，方便检修。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题1. 已具备条件：1.各类资料比较齐全，查阅方便；2.翻页机设计已有类似产品可供参考；2. 尚需解决的问题：1.翻页机翻页连接不够完善；2.翻页机传动设计比较困难；指导教师意见指导教师签名：年月日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见教研室主任签名：年月日系意见主管领导签名：年月日英文原文Die Life of cold stamping die and influenceDie with the life of the workpiece by punching out the number of terms. Many factors affect the life Die. There are die structure design, manufacture molds used in the punch and die materials, die quality and surface hardening heat treatment, precision die manufacturing parts and cold stamping materials selection. In addition, there are die installation, adjustment, use and maintenance. 1. Die Design on Life (1) Layout design of layout methods and take the boundary value a great impact on the die life, too small to take the boundary value, often causing rapid wear and convex mold, die bite wounds on the. Starting from material savings, take the boundary value smaller the better, but take the edge is less than some value, the cut surface of the mold and the quality of life adversely. There will be left behind in the blanking die Q-gap were to produce spare parts glitch, or even damage the die edge, reduce die life. Therefore, consider increasing the material utilization of the same time, parts must yield, quality and life expectancy to determine the layout methods and take the boundary. (2) die structure prone to stress concentration on the cracking of the die structure, composite structure can be used or mosaic structure, and prestressed structure to enhance the mold life. (3) the impact of clearance when the gap is too small, compressed extrusion of interest, increased friction, increased wear, the wear side of aggravated discharge and push pieces after blanking time, materials and convex, the friction between die will cause wear and tear than the end edge on the side of the grinding much, but also easily lead to convex, concave mold temperature is high, the adsorption of metal debris in the side edge to form a metal tumor, so that male and female die chipping or expansion occurs crack phenomenon. Therefore, the gap is too small to Die Life very bad. Gap is too large will increase the punch and the die face the edge of the concentration of stress, resulting in a sharp increase in stress, so blade edge quickly lose angular yield deformation. Therefore, addition of blanking force, thereby enabling faster edge edge wear, reduce die life. But in order to reduce the male and female die wear, extending mold life, while ensuring quality of stamping pieces under the premise that larger space designed properly it is necessary. (4) Die-oriented structure of the life of a reliable guide for the working parts reduce wear, prevent male and female die bite wound is very effective. In particular, non-small-Q gap Q gap or Die, compound die and multi-position progressive die even more important. To improve the die life, must be based on processes and the demand of precision, the correct choice-oriented form and orientation accuracy, the choice should be higher than the accuracy-oriented convex, concave mold with precision. (5) the impact of cold stamping materials, cold stamping materials selected should meet the design requirements of workpieces and stamping process requirements, or easy to mold damage and reduce mold life. Poor surface quality of cold stamping, punching, cracking when the workpiece is also easy to scratch mold. Bad cold stamping plastic materials, deformation is small, easy to press when the workpiece rupture, but also easy to scratch mold. In addition, the material thickness tolerances shall comply with national standards. Die because of a certain thickness of material suitable for forming, bending, flanging, drawing die of the male and female die structure gap is directly determined by the thickness of the material. Therefore, uneven thickness, will result in waste generation and mold damage. 2. Die Die Life of Die Die Life of a mold material properties, chemical composition, structure, hardness and comprehensive reflection of metallurgical quality. Among them, the material properties and heat treatment affect the quality of the most obvious. Mold material properties on the impact of die life is great. If the same workpiece, using a different mold material of the bending test, the test results: The 9Mn2V material, the life of 5 million; with Crl2MoV nitriding, the life of up to 40 million. Therefore, the choice of materials, the batch size should be based on workpiece, rational use of mold materials. The hardness of the die parts to Die Life a great impact. But not the higher hardness, longer die life. This is because the hardness and strength, toughness and abrasion resistance are closely related. Some die demands of high hardness, long life. Such as the use of T10 steel dies, hardness 54 58HRC, only washed thousands of times a burr on the workpiece great. If the hardness to 60 64HRC, the grinding life of up to 2 to 3 million. However, if continue to improve hardness, fracture occurs earlier. Some die hardness should not be too high, as the die manufacturing using Crl2MoV 58 62HRC hardness, the general life of 2-3 million, invalid form of chipping and cracking, and if the hardness down to 54 58HRC, life expectancy increased to 5 60 000, but decreased to 50 53HRC hardness appears easy to blunt the die edge phenomenon. Thus, mold hardness must be based on material properties and failure modes may be. Should enable the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance, resistance to fatigue strength needed to achieve a particular stamping process the best match. 3. The surface of the mold heat treatment to strengthen the quality and impact on life Mold heat treatment the nature and quality of life of the mold a great impact. Practice shows that the die parts of the quenching distortion and cracking, early fracture during use, while the metallurgical and materials quality, forging quality, mold structure and process related, but related more to die of heat treatment. According to statistical analysis of failure causes of mold, heat treatment failure due to improper accounting for more than 50%. Practice shows that the mold material must be accompanied by high heat treatment process properly, can really play a materials potential. Parts surface hardening mold work purpose is to obtain the effect of external hard tough inside, so be hardness, wear resistance, toughness, good resistance to fatigue with. Many ways to die surface hardening, surface treatment technology of new technologies developed rapidly. In addition to Nitrocarburizing and ion nitride, boride, seepage niobium, vanadium permeability, hard chrome plated and spark strengthening, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) has been gradually adopted. By CVD and PVD treatment, the mold surface covered with super-hard material, such as TiC, TiN, etc. High hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, adhesion is very good, can improve the die life several times to several times. 4. Manufacturing precision of the die parts of die life Precision die manufacturing and life in it in particular, mold surface roughness on the mold a great impact. If using Crl2MoV steel blanking die, if the surface roughness value R = 1.6 m, its life span is about 30,000. Such as polished by the precision, surface roughness value R = 0.4 m, life can be increased to 4-5 million. Therefore, the working parts of the mold surface, the general must go through grinding, grinding, polishing and other finishing and fine processing. 5. Other aspects of the impact of die life (1) Press the accuracy is not high, but also easy to make die damage. (2) die in the press or not installed properly and the operators technical level, on the tool life is also greatly affected. (3) dies in the custody and maintenance of good and bad, and the use of lubricant condition also affects mold life.Cold stamping mould convex, concave die size and distribution of the clearance degree directly affect the quality of the blanking pieces and the length of the service life of the die. In guarantee blanking pieces space is mould manufacturing assembly very important link, and assembly quality will directly influence the convex, concave die if the clearance between the uniform. Such as the process of convex, concave die size precision although already meet the requirements, but in assembling if adjustment is bad, can cause clearance does not even, rushed out of the spare parts of the raw edges. Even rushed out of unqualified parts. The mold assembly is key to control convex, concave die of relative positions, in order to ensure that the convex, concave die, uniform and the clearance between the right to rush out of qualified parts. 1. Die before assembly the problems that should be paid attention2 Convex, concave die and mould parts itself is clearance of the precision, and the assembly of the assembly process is reasonable. In order to ensure that the position of the convex, concave die correctly and gaps even, mould design, processing to assembly from the whole link should pay attention to the following questions：（1）Convex, concave die design and manufacture of the right Design should be based on the above all when die cutting the section of a quality, service life of die factors such as the reasonable selection of convex, concave die clearance. And to consider the mould in the process of using that gap wear increases, general in the design the least reasonable clearance when mould. And in the manufacturing process can ensure the parts processing precision and quality, in the assembly process ensure convex, concave die gap even, this for processing complex shape is very key parts. （2）Assembly method the choice should be reasonable Die assembly method include roughly assembly method and direct with assembly method. Before the assembly must be carefully study mold assembly drawing, full consideration and analysis of the structure characteristics of punching die, die parts processing technology and processing accuracy etc, in order to choose convenient, accurate and reliable assembly method to ensure the quality of blanking pieces. 2. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment of the method3 Convex, concave die clearance control, should according to die structure, clearance size, blanking pieces of quality and practical assembly condition to selected. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment method have the following kinds. （1）Pervious to light method Will convex, concave die after molmerged, shone a light on the underside, observe the convex, concave die around through light and distribution to judge the size of the clearance and uniformity. If not even, to adjust to evenly between fixed again, this method is suitable for small gap plate stamping die. （2）Feeler method Will convex, concave die after molmerged, convex, concave die into the thickness of unilateral clearance feeler convex, concave die gaps in each direction. Then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping and will last mould seat and fixed on board with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and at a pin location. （3）Gaskets DiaoZhengFa Gasket adjustment method is simple, convenient, clearance is used widely. As shown in figure 1 shows, the mat with good contour mat iron, will gaskets wrapped in the punch to the punch into the concave mould, observe the convex, concave die clearance condition. If clearance does not even, with striking the protruding models of fixed plate method clearance adjustment, then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping, observation on paper cutting around burr and even rate to judge whether clearance convex, concave die even, to adjust the gap until cutting burr uniform so far. Finally the mould seat and the plate with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and enter the pin location. This method widely used cutting materials focusing thick large clearance and bending stamping, deep drawing mould clearance control. (4) Chemical method When the convex, concave die complex shape, the use of the above several methods more difficult to adjust the gap, the chemical method can be used to control the gap, the plating method is used. Plating method is the punch in the work surface coated with copper or zinc instead of washers. The plating thickness and unilateral gap is same, blade people concave die hole, and check the move without block phenomenon can assembly tighten. Coating in use process will die fall off naturally, need not removed. This uniform coating, can improve the uniformity of assembling clearance. (5) Technology DiaoZhengFa measures The main technological measures to adjust the gap between two kinds of the mould method: 1. Size method Processing of the punch, will the punch front-end appropriate lengthen, extended period of section size and sunken model hole processing to the same size. Assembly, make the punch into female model hole, natural form the cutting clearance, and then to the punch with fixed together with the punch mould seat on board with the pin for fixed and will last longer period of the punch front can remove form even clearance. 2. Positioning hole method Process positioning hole method and the inside of the progressive die principle about. Processing, the punch in fixed board and concave die on the same position processing two positioning hole, can will locate hole and the mold cavity a cut out. Assembly, in the positioning hole insert pins to ensure that gap. (6) Standard model method According to the drawing wedm in advance in processing a standard model or the qualified stamping parts, to adjust the assembly put it in between convex, concave die, upper and lower die relative motion can be reasonable degree when appropriate. (7) Measurement method Measuring method of the measuring tool have feeler. A feeler method after the adjustment convex, concave die clearance good uniformity, it is the commonly used method. Assembly, the punch in the concave die in the hole, convex, concave die according to the size of the clearance choose different specifications of the feeler insert convex, concave die clearance, inspection concave die around the blade gap everywhere, and according to the measured results adjustment. If the adjustment of the punch fixed board knock until adjust good so far. (8) Adjustment method of repair match meansDie in use after period of time, because the convex, concave die normal wear and tear. To working parts inspection, if products produce burr, convex, concave die dull and collapse the blade factors, it is because of the convex, concave die clearance for wear changed, namely bigger or not even. To make the convex, concave die restored to the original gap value out of parts can use the following method to qualified for repair match means. 1. Convex, concave die clearance greaten repair match means method General dies in use after period of time, because normal wear will make convex, concave die gap increase gradually, thus to make the work and so on a series of problems produced burr. This kind of circumstance, can use first thickness is equal to one of the KuaiGui insert gap between the convex, concave die, if convex, concave die clearance does not too big, the grinding work part of the blade continue to use, can improve the quality of stamping. When gap value too big when, the recoverable high temperature heat of local forging the modification methods female die size make it restored to the original gap value. Workpiece cooling followed by the pressure seal the law to file to trim gap value, and with the flame hardening method to improve the blade surface hardness. 2. Convex, concave die clearance does not even repair match me

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