Therebe句型的小结与练习.doc

There be句型的小结与练习 There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒桩的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。结构： there + be + 主语 + （地点状语）如：There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51) There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50) In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20) If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49) There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46) 一、 注意： 1. there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的。There be 句型常用的时态形式有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时和过去完成时。例如： There is someone at the door to see you. 门口有人找你。There will be a meeting this evening. 今晚有个约会。Have there been any letters from Jack lately? 近日有杰克的来信吗？ -No, there hasnt. 不，没有。There had been many such accidents before you came. 你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。 There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。 There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。 2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据“就近一致”原则来变换be 的单复数形式。 可数名词单数及不可数名词用is，可数名词复数用are。如： There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。 How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口？ There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。 There is some water in the box.3. 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。 There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。 There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。 There is nothing to do.(=to be done) 无事可做。 4. there be 句型变否定句直接在be 后 加上 not ： there + be + not + 主语+ There is a book. There is not a book.There are 2 pens. There are not 2 pens.5. 变疑问句，直接把be 提前。 Be + there + 主语+。There is a book. Is there a book?There are 2pens. Are there 2 pens?6. someany 在there be中的使用。Some多用于肯定句中，后 + 可数名词复数及不可数名词。any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，常用于疑问句和否定句。（陈述句中用some的，变否定和疑问句时用any）There are some students in the classroom. There are not any students in the classroom. Are there any students in the classroom?There are many boys in on the playground. There arent many boys on the playground. Are there many boys on the playground?注意: 当some用在疑问句中时，表示说话人希望得到肯定的答案。 Is there some water in the bottle？ - yes, there is. 但在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何? 当any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 二与其他词连用1Therebe与情态动词连用 Therebe句型中的谓语动词be可与各种情态动词连用，表示一定有、可能有、应该有等含义。结构： there + 情态动词 + be 例如： Hefelt thattheremustbesomethingwrong他感到一定是出了错儿。 Theremightbedrinksifyouwaitabit如果你等一会儿，可能会有酒。 Therecanthavebeenmuchtrafficsolateatnight这么晚了，街上的车辆不会太多。 Thereoughtnttobetoogreatdiscrepancyinourviews我们的看法不应该有太大的分歧。 2Therebe与含有情态意义的动词或短语连用 英语中有些动词或短语具有一定的情态含义，我们称之为半助动词。Therebe句型中的谓语动词be可与这些半助动词连用，表达更为复杂的意念。能用于Therebe句型中的这类词语主要有：happento（碰巧），appearseemto（似乎），begoingto（将会），usedto（曾经），haveto（必须），belikelyto（很可能），beboundto（必定）等。结构： there + 情态动词短语或动词 + be例如： Therehappenedtobeanoldfriendofmineintheclub在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。 Thereappeartobeseveralreasonsforchangingourplans看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。 Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar战前这里曾有一个电影院。 Istheregoingtobeadancingpartytonight？今晚有舞会吗？ Thereareboundtobeobstaclesforustogetover一定会有障碍需要我们去克服。 3. there与其它动词连用 除动词be外，其它一些动词也可以与there连用。这些动词有两类：一类是表示存在概念的状态动词，如：exist，remain，live，lie，stand等；一类是表示某事发生或某人到达等概念的不及物动词，如：come，enter，arise，occur，follow，appear等。There be 句型中的替换词有：come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等。这些动词可以有时态变化，及物动词还可以有语态变化。例如： Thereliesariverbehindthehouse屋后有一条河。 Thentherecameaknockatthedoor然后听到敲门声。 Atalaterstagetherearosenewproblemswhichseemedinsoluble在后期出现了似乎无法解决的新问题。 Therefollowedanuncomfortablesilence接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。 三由therebe构成的固定句型 由therebe构成的一些固定句型在英语中很活跃，需很好地掌握。常见的有： Thereisnopointinv-ing：没道理，没用，没必要 Thereisnouse（in）v-ing：毫无用处 Thereisnosenseinv-ing：毫无道理 Thereisnoneedtov：没有必要 Thereisnov-ing：不可能，无法。 例如： Thereisnouseinhidingthatfactfromhim对他隐瞒那个事实没什么用。 Thereisnopointinarguingfurther再争下去也没用。 Isthereanypointingoingon？有必要再继续下去吗？ TherewasnoneedforhimtoremaininShanghai他没有必要再留在上海。 Therewasnosenseinmakingachildsufferlikethat让一个孩子受那样的苦是毫无道理的。 Therewasnomistakinghisintentionsthistime这回不可能看错他的意图。 四Therebe的非限定形式及用法 Therebe结构也可以以不定式（theretobe）、动名词（therebeing）和现在分词（therebeing）的形式出现在句子中，作主语、宾语或状语。这种非限定形式中的there在形式上起着逻辑主语的作用，因此，不定式theretobe前有时需加介词for，从形式上满足引出不定式逻辑主语的需要，而分词therebeing则具有独立主格结构的意味。1作主语 当作主语时，一般是There being结构，当句式中有for时，一般用there to be如： There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。 There being a house with a garden is of great value. 拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。 It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。 2 作宾语 作动词宾语时，一般用there to be 结构。常见动词有：expect, mean, intend want, prefer等： We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。 People dont want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。 作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但当是for时一般用there to be句式。 This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。 The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。 3 作状语 用作状语的there be的形式通常用therebeing结构。 There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。 There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying. 屋里没人，我们 意识到哭喊是没有用的。 There being nothing else to do, we went home happily. 由于没事可做，我们快乐地回家了。 注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be。 It was too late for there to be any buses. 太晚了，没有公共汽车了。 Idontwanttheretobeanymoretrouble我不希望再有麻烦了。（不定式作宾语） Iexpecttheretobenoargumentaboutthis我希望对此没有什么争论。（不定式作宾语） Itwasunusualfortheretobesofewpeopleinthestreet大街上人这么少，这不大正常。（不定式作主语） Whatsthechanceoftherebeinganelectionthisyear？今年举行大选的可能性有多大？（动名词作介词宾语） Therebeingabusstopsonearthehouseisagreatadvantage离屋子这么近有一个汽车站，这太便利了。（动名词作主语） Therebeingnothingelsetodo，wewenthome没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。（分词作状语） 练习：1 _ a reading lamp on the table. A There is B There has C It is D It has 2 What a rainy summer weve had! Yes, there_ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer. A have been B are C had been D has been 3 I didnt want _ to be a war between these two countries. A it B them C there D their 4 There is reported _a number of the wounded on both sides. A to be B being C was D will be 5 _ no coffee left, they had to make do with tea. A It being B There being C It was D There was 6 There is a little hope of _ a settlement of the argument. A to be B there to be C there being D being 7 I dont expect there _ any misunderstanding. A is B to be C being D will be 8 There are five pairs_ , but Im at a loss which to buy. A to choose B to choose from C to be chosen D for my choosing 9 There is no use_ a lot without _ anything. A to talk, do B talked, doing C talking, being done D talking, doing 10 If the storm had happened in the day-time, there _ many more deaths. A were B would have been C had been D would be 11 Look! _. A There comes the bus B There the bus comes C The bus comes here D There does the bus come 12 _ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave. A There enter B There entered C Entered there D There entered into 13 There are a lot of people _ for the bus to come. A waiting B to wait C waited D is waiting 14 The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because _ a big dog at the gate. A lies there B lays there C there lies D there lays 15 About twenty-three centuries ago, _. A there lived in Greece a great thinker who called Aristotle B a great thinker lived in Greece calling Aristotle C lived there in Greece a great thinker called Aristotle D there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle 16 _ plenty of water in this river. A There used to being B There used to be C There is used to being D There was used to be 17 What a pity, my new computer doesnt work. _ must be something wrong with it. A It B There C This D That 18_ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled. A It has B There has C It is D There is 19 Lets get through the work quickly. _ seems to be little time left now. A It B That C There D we 20 _appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind. A There B It C Where D What 答案： 1A 2A 3C 4A 5B 6C 7B 8B 9D 10B 11A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16B 17B 18D 19C 20A 1There_abedandabigwardrobewithamirror Aare Bwere Cwas Dbe 2Noonewouldhavedreamedofsuchagoodplace Athereis Btheretobe Ctherebeing Dtherewas 3Ishouldprefer_nodiscussionofmyprivateaffairs Atheretobe Btherebeing Cthereis Dthereare 4Itwastoolate_anybuses Afortheretobe Btheretobe CtherebeingD fortherebeing 5There_awarbetweenhisheartandhishead Abeing Bappearedtobe Ctobe Dwere 6_inhisimaginationvisionsofaworldempire ARising BRose CRise DThererose 7Ifthepolicehadntreactedquickly，_abadaccident Atherewere Btherewillbe Ctherecouldhavebeen Dtherehadtobe 8UncleJesse，why_poorpeoplelikethose？ Aaretherehavetobe Bdotherehavetobe Chavetheretobe Dtherehavetobe 9_moredifficultiesthanyouthought AItislikely BItislikelytobe CThereislikely DTherearelikelytobe 1. In the eastern part of New Jersey _, a major shipping and manufacturing center.A. lies the city of Elizabeth B. the city of ElizabethC. around the city of Elizabeth D. there lie the city of Elizabeth2. It isnt cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jims car out quite safely.A. would be B. being C. was D. to be3. The students expected there _ more reviewing classes before the final exam.A. beB. being C. have been D. to be4. There _ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live.A. beB. wasC. wereD. being5. If ever again _ happens an accident like this, we will have only ourselves to blame.A. itB. soC. there D. that6. He said it was impossible for _ a mistake in a computers calculation, so you can rly on that.A. there being B. there would beC. there to be D. there was7. Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon.A. there being a chance B. there to be a chanceC. there be a chance D. being a chance8. Once he starts talking about Chinese or foreign affairs, ancient or modern, _.A. there is no stopping of him B. he is not to stopC. there is no stopping him D. it is no stopping him9. The chairman insisted that there be a meeting _ within the shortest possible time.A. to holdB. to be heldC. to have been heldD. to be holding10.Where _ dirt, there are flies.A. there has B. is C. there isD. has there11. Around the world _ may be as many as a million earthquakes in a single year.A. yetB. theyC. thereD.