中央采购英语考核20110613答案.doc

中央采购英语考核(2011年6月13日)姓名：一、请将以下的英文单词或短语翻译成中文（每个1分，共25分）1. deduction 扣除；扣除额2. convert 转换；改变3. consignee 收件人；受托人4. amortization :摊销、分期偿还5. decline 衰落；衰退；下降6. acquisition 获得，习得7. confirmation 确认8. notify 通知；告知9. legible 可以辨认的；易读的10. accelerate 加速；促进；前进11. benchmark: 基准，标准12. shortcut 近路；捷径13. modify 修改；变更14. artificial 人造的；仿真的15. distinguished 卓越的；杰出的；著名的16. barrier 障碍17. compensation 补偿；赔偿；报偿18. mandatory 命令的；强制的；义务的19. mortgage 抵押借款20. priority 优先权；优先考虑的事21. incentive 鼓励；诱因22. inferior 品质差的；下等的；下级的23. manipulate 操作；操纵24. loan shark 放高利贷者25. correspondence 通信；信件二、请将以下的中文翻译成英文单词或者短语（每个1分，共25分）1. 标准以下的： substandard2. 构成要素；成分；零件： component3. 注册商标: trademark4. 收购全部: buyout5. 授权；委托: authorize6. 代理人；替代品: substitute7. 子公司：subsidiary8. 结合；合并；强化；巩固：consolidate9. 居领先优势的：leading edge10. 偿还；补偿：reimburse11. 数量：quantity12. 奖品；额外费用；保费: premium13. 全面的，广泛的：comprehensive14. 个人财产：possession15. 假定，假设：assumption16. 足够的，充裕的：adequate17. 含糊的，模糊不清的: vague18. 出租，租用：lease19. 赞助人：sponsor20. 升级；提升: upgrade21. 去膜：stripping22. 镀铜：copper plating23. 复合层压板：composite laminate24. 基底：substrate25. 储龄: shelf life三、中翻英（每句3分，共24分）1. 很遗憾告诉你我们不考虑你方承兑交单的请求。We regret to say that we are unable to consider your request for payment under D/A terms.2.如果你方坚持自己的价格，不作让步，我们没有必要再谈下去了。If you insist on your price and refuse to make any concession, there will be not much point in further discussion. 3.我方的报价是合理的、现实的，符合当前市场的价格水平。Our offer is reasonable and realistic. It comes in line with the prevailing market.4.由于你方发来的产品质量低劣导致我们随了销售价格20%的损失，你方须赔偿所有损失。We have suffered a loss of 20% on the selling price because of the inferior quality of the products you sent us. You must compensate us for all this.5. 请告诉我们贵方对规格、数量及包装的要求，以便我方尽快制定出报价。Will you please tell us the specifications, quantity and packing you want, so that we can work out the offer ASAP.6. 我们要求能推迟付款3个月以便资金周转。We ask to put off the time of our payment 3 months later to facilitate the capital turnover.7.我们对该合同大部分条款感到满意，但是你们的付款条款太苛刻。We are satisfied with the terms of this contract for the most part, but we feel that your terms of payment are too severe. 8.我们希望你做出必要的安排以使货物准时到达。We hope that you will make all necessary arrangements to deliver the goods on time.四、供应链英语翻译（ 共26分，第1段12分，第2段14分）1. Global supply chains are a source of competitive advantage. They provide access to inexpensive labor and raw materials, better financing opportunities, larger product markets, arbitrage opportunities（套利机会）, and additional inducements offered by host governments to attract foreign capital. However, coupled with these benefits that entice firms to go global are the uncertainties and consequent risks that global supply chain managers must face.Since the life blood of the corporation flows through its supply chain, any changes to it can carry huge risk. Supply chain disruptions（中断） can result in a devastating（蹂躏） impact on shareholder value; with one study showing an average 40 percent decline in share price due to the supply chain disruptions in the study. The lack of a risk-management process is especially evident（明显的） with global outsourcing initiatives.2. Supply chain management is a cross-function approach including managing the movement of raw materials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing of materials into finished goods, and the movement of finished goods out of the organization and toward the end-consumer. As organizations strive to focus on core competencies and becoming more flexible, they reduce their ownership of raw materials sources and distribution channels. These functions are increasingly being outsourced to other entities that can perform the activities better or more cost effectively. The effect is to increase the number of organizations involved in satisfying customer demand, while reducing management control of daily logistics operations. Less control and more supply chain partners led to the creation of supply chain m