英语教学中如何利用阅读课培养学生听、说、读、写的能力.doc

英语教学中，如何利用阅读课培养学生听、说、读、写的能力 南宁市第三十一中学 黄玲鲜一、传统英语阅读课的授课方法长期以来，我们对英语阅读教学的理解比较狭隘，把英语阅读教学仅仅圈在“对知识点的讲解和对课文进行翻译”的小天地里，以为只要学生理解了课文大意及语言知识点就可以了，结果课堂教学毫无生机、死气沉沉。在这样的学习环境里，学生只是被动接受知识的对象，根本没有思维的灵动，更谈不上语言运用能力的培养。要改变这个局面，教师首先要纠正自身偏面的教学观念，重新认识英语阅读教学的本质，并以此来修正教学行为。 二、英语课程标准关于阅读教学的阐述英语课程标准指出：“基础英语语言知识是综合英语运用能力的有机组成部分。”在教学过程中，让学生学习掌握语言知识，有利于促进英语实际运用能力的培养。在阅读教学过程中，教师是要引导学生学习语言知识，但要杜绝单纯传授、讲解语言知识的做法。应坚持英语教学的实践性原则，寓语言知识教学于语言运用能力的训练之中。这样，既可以抛开孤立学语言知识的枯燥，又能培养学生的语言运用能力，可谓一举两得。也就是说，英语阅读教学不仅要完成传授语言知识、培养学生阅读分析能力的任务，更要培养学生的语言运用能力。在教学过程中，教师不应被文本中细细碎碎的知识点所束缚，应设法引导学生利用语篇中的主要信息进行积极的思考并进行有效的口头和笔头的交际活动；营造一个和谐、融洽平等的学习氛围，构建师生对话，共同发展的“交互式”教学活动方式。多给学生开口的机会，如让学生就课文内容提问；在学新内容时，引导学生在情境中探索新知。学生能完成的，教师绝不代劳。总之，要让学生做课堂真正的主人，从而达到培养学生听、说、读、写的能力三、我在阅读课教学实践中如何做到培养学生听、说、读、写的能力1、转变阅读课教学观念在当前英语教学新形势下，教师必须转变教育观念，改变教学方式, 发展学生的自主学习能力。“先学后教，当堂训练”这种教学模式正是适应了这一需要，我在去南京东庐中学学习观摩回来之后，采用“先学后教，当堂训练” 这一教学模式，在英语阅读教学中对于培养学生的自主学习能力起到了有效的作用。2、制订英语阅读自主学习策略的具体教学课堂模式首先，让学生在老师的具体要求下做好课前自主学习（1）查找与阅读相关的资料（2）按要求做好多层阅读 读短文第一遍，选最佳标题或中心段（括号内规定限时阅读时间）读短文第二遍，句子正误判断或完成选择题练习（括号内规定限时阅读时间）根据课文回答问题在课文中找出重点短语或句子（中英文互译）（3）自主阅读教师根据阅读文章编写的“语言点导学”内容其次，优化课堂学习模式（1）预习情况交流：与你的同桌交流课前准备中的情况，试着把错误的地方弄懂；小组讨论预习中存在的问题，分组整理问题，进行提问，同学或老师解答。（2）学习策略培养 口语练习。根据学生课前自主学习的内容设计口语练习内容，或是师生/生生问答，或是小组讨论，之后汇报，或是看图说话等。听录音完成短文填空，如果说课文内容难度较大，则改为跟课文录音朗读后做短文填空练习在教师的指导下，完成“多层阅读”练习或是核查“多层阅读”练习的答案。大声地朗读课文，全面提高全班同学的朗读能力教师就语言点提问，培养学生的识记能力、理解能力和运用知识的能力学习成果展示，要求学生根据语篇复述课文，既能培养学生的写作能力，又能培养学生的口语表达能力第三、当堂练习，根据课文，教师提前准备好一些词汇题、选择题等课堂练习题让学生在课堂上马上进行检测。 第四、课后提高，主要是阅读训练题，包括完形填空和阅读理解题，让学生课后进行阅读延伸训练。3、实例展示下面以本人上过的一课阅读课作为示例进行展示。课题：初中英语外延版八年级上册Module 3 Journey to space Unit 2. We havent found life on other planets yet.上本节课的前一天给所有学生发：师生共用的导学案（已经坚持使用一个多学期） 八上 Module 3 Journey to space Unit 2. We havent found life on other planets yet.课型主备审核授课老师授课时间讲学稿序号Reading黄玲鲜M3-3班别姓名成绩家长签字组长签字一、学习目标： 1. 知识目标：(1)单词：掌握本课所学的新词汇。(2)短语： millions/billions of; on other planets; go around the Sun; none of them; no one; the solar system; a small part of ; in other solar systems; in the universe; a long way away（制成小卡片）(3) 重点句子：We havent found life on other planets yet. With so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space?2. 能力目标：能够读懂有关太空话题的文章，掌握其大意。3. 情感目标：培养自己热爱科学，喜爱探索二、课前自主学习：1. 读Unit2的新单词一遍，然后自查你是否写得出下列单词行星_ 没有一个_ 环境_ 空气_部分_ 十亿_ 生长、种植_ 宇宙_光线_ 在之外_ 独自的_ 更喜爱_2、思考下列问题，可查找资料(1) Have we found life on other seven planets yet? If not, why? (2) What do you know about UFO? 3、多层阅读(1)a2 读短文第一遍，选最佳标题：1 Anyone out there? 2 Life on Earth 3 Our solar system 4 The stars at night(2)a4 读短文第二遍，写下a4正确的句子的序号： (3)a3 把下列单词按从小到大的顺序排列：galaxy planet solar system star universe (4)a5 根据课文回答下列问题 1 Have we found life on other planets yet? 2 How many planets go around the sun? 3 How many stars are there in the Milky Way? 4 Do you know how large the universe is? 5 Have scientists sent spacecraft with people to look at other planets in our solar system? 6 With so many stars in the universe, are we alone? (5)在课文中找出重点短语，并下划线（写一写，背一背）成千上万_ 在别的行星上_ 围绕着太阳转 他们中没有一个_ 太阳系_ 一小部分_在别的星系里_ 在宇宙中_ 很遥远 4. 语言点导学：Earth n.地球The Earth goes around the sun once a year.地球一年绕太阳一周。【考点聚焦】1)地球、太阳、月亮这些世界上独一无二的事物前要加定冠词the。2)常见搭配:on (the) earth在地球上;on earth究竟,到底。如:Who broke the window?究竟是谁打破了窗户?planet n.行星There are eight planets in the solar system.太阳系有八大行星。【考点聚焦】太阳系有八大行星，它们是Mercury(水星)，Venus(金星)，Earth，Mars(火星)，Jupiter(木星)，Uranus(天王星)，Neptune(海王星)。（2006年以前的说法：太阳系有九大行星还包括Pluto(冥王星) ）【活学活用】根据句意及首字母提示完成单词The Earth is a p of the Sun.cost v.（cost, cost）花费The book cost me five dollars.这本书花了我5美元。【考点】1)cost指花钱,主语必须是物。The shoes cost me 50 yuan. 2)同义词辨析: spend (spent, spent) pay (paid, paid) take (took, taken)spend常用于sb. spend some money/some time on sth./(in) doing sth.,某人花钱或花时间做某事,如:I spent ten yuan on the pen. = I spent ten yuan (in) buying the pen.我花10元钱买了这枝笔。pay常用于sb. pay some money for sth. 如:He paid three pounds for a T-shirt.他花3英镑买了一件T恤衫。take 只用于花时间做某事, 句型：It takes sb some time to do sth., 做某事花了某人一段时间 It took me two hours to finish the maths exercises last night. 昨晚我花了两个小时完成数学作业。【活用】同义句转换He spent 5000 yuan buying the computer.=The computer 5000 yuan.prefer v.更喜欢Which of these two dresses do you prefer?这两套衣服你更喜欢哪一套?【考点】1)过去式、过去分词:preferred, preferred,现在分词:preferring2)同义词组: like sth better Which of these two dresses do you ?这两套衣服你更喜欢哪一套?3)常见搭配（请记住）: prefer to do sth.或prefer doing sth.(更喜欢做); prefer +n./pron to n./pron (喜欢前者而不喜欢后者); prefer doing sth to doing sth(喜欢做而不喜欢做)prefer to do sth rather than do sth(宁愿做而不愿做)【活用】She prefers swimming running. A. than B. with C. in D. tobillion num. 十亿 与hundred, thousand, million 的用法一样。2 billion birds 二十亿鸟billions of数十亿的【活用】 There are more than 1.3 people in China. A. billions of B. billion of C. billion D. billionswith +n.+ 介词短语 with so many stars in the universe有如此多的星星在宇宙中 She came into the room with a baby on her back. 她背上背着一个婴儿走进房间来。三、课堂学习1、预习情况交流：1)与你的同桌交流课前准备中的情况，试着把错误的地方弄懂。2)分小组展示“思考题”2、学习策略培养 1）口语练习：热身提问；看图说话-展示八大行星图; 2)跟课文录音大声朗读; 3）抽学生朗读段落，并提问；4）大声地朗读课文；5）教师就语言点提问。3学习成果展示：根据课文意思，完成填空练习Scientists think that there has been on Earth for of years. However, they found life on other planets yet. We also know the Earth is only of the Suns eight planets and it around the sun. The sun and its planets are called . Scientists have spacecrafts into space because they want to know more about our space. Were looking forward to more messages from space.4当堂练习：A: 根据汉语提示完成句子。(1)他还没有看完那本书。He _ finished reading the book _.(2)你认识那位叫李娜的女孩吗？Do you know the girl _ Li Na?(3)那个女孩被称为“小歌星”。The girl _ _ “little singer”.(4)比起咖啡来，我更喜欢茶。I prefer to .B: 根据所给单词及句型完成句子：(1)那件外套花了我100元。(cost) (2)他宁可呆在家也不去看电影。(preferto) (3)教师手里拿着一本书，走进了教室（with） (4)宇宙中有数十亿颗星星。(billions of) 四、课后提高: 题完形填空 The Earth is a planet. It and seven 1 planets go around the Sun. We 2 the eight planets and the Sun the solar system. The first planet, 3 the Sun, is Mercury (水星). It is 58 million 4 from the Sun. Venus (金星) is the second planet from the Sun, and 5 planet, the Earth, is the third. It is 150 million kilometres from the Sun. Jupiter (木星), Saturn (土星), Neptune (海王星) and Uranus (天王星) are all 6 than the Earth, 7 Venus, Mars and Mercury are smaller than the Earth. Animals, trees and humans can only 8 on the Earth the other planets in our solar system do not 9 air or water. Do any planets in other solar systems have 10 ? We dont know about it.1. A. else B. others C. otherD. another 2. A. know B. call C. takeD. pick3. A. next toB. before C. out of D. in front of 4. A. years B. hours C. metres D. kilometres 5. A. ourB. their C. her D. his 6. A. lighter B. biggerC. shorter D. safer7. A. but B. or C. till D. so 8. A. knock B. try C. live D. land9. A. haveB. bring C. fill D. join 10. A. planet B. system C. galaxy D. life5、学后记：通过学习，你在哪些方面存在疑问？有何收获？请记录：附教学步骤：1、预习情况交流：1) Look at the paper and try your best to correct the mistakes. If you have any questions, put up your hand for help. 方法：学生同桌讨论，有问题请教老师。2) Collect the answer of the thinking questions and show it in group. Now work in groups. 方法：分小组展示讨论结果。2、学习策略培养 1）口语练习：热身提问OK! Lets come to the new lesson. Are you ready for it?Have you heard of UFO?Have you ever read a book about UFO yet?Have you read any passages about universe? Have you ever seen this picture? 方法：走到学生身边提问，共提问8位学生看图说话-展示八大行星图; Today well learn something about the universe. We know scientists have discovered many galaxies in the universe. This is the chart of the solar system. It is a small part of our galaxy. And Would you like to say something about it. 方法：加分鼓励，凡是自觉举手回答问题的小组加一分。（四位学生站起来说）2) 跟课文录音大声朗读; Read aloud after the tape. 之后进一步讨论a2, a4, a33）抽学生朗读段落，并提问；Id like some of you to read the passage. After reading, I will raise questions. You two read the first paragraph. 每两人一小组读完一段提问一个问题： 1 Have we found life on other planets yet? 2 How many planets go around the sun? 3 How many stars are there in the Milky Way? 4 Do you know how large the universe is? 5 Have scientists sent spacecraft with people to look at other planets in our solar system? 6 With so many stars in the univers