2013年职称英语卫生类A级概括大意模拟题题及答案.doc

Radio and TelevisionThere are few homes in Britain today that do not have either a radio or television set. Both of them have become an essential part of our life， keeping us informed of the news of the day， instructing us in many field of interest， and entertaining us with singing， dancing and acting.Marconi， the Italian inventor who gave us the radio， probably didnt realize what effects his great invention would have on the world in the years to come. Radio has， perhaps， had as much influence on the world as any other communications device. Events of universal interest can be reported to the entire globe a few seconds after they happen. Explorers in remote areas， ships at sea， even astronauts circling the earth are able to keep in touch with civilization by means of radio.Television is another major instrument of communication， permitting us to see as well as to hear the performer. Since its appearance， TV has had a tremendous effect on the daily life of people everywhere.Improvements of all kinds are constantly being made in television so that reception will be as close to perfect as possible. Perhaps the most recent advancement of significance has been “Telstar”。 The specially-equipped space capsule， orbiting the globe， make it possible for the entire world to be closer than ever before. Now a family in Manchester can watch on TV a football match in France ， a ski tournament in Norway， or a parade in Japan as these events are actually happening.练习：1. Paragraph 1_.2. Paragraph 2_.3. Paragraph 4_.A) The popularity radio and TV in BritainB) The invention of the radioC) The latest development of TVD) The importance of the radio4. In todays world radio and TV have become _.5. People make constant efforts to improve _.6. A telstar is a satellite that _.7. With the help of the telsar， events can be reported to listeners and viewers and almost _.A) at the same time as they occurB) a basic necessity of lifeC) sends out signals all the timeD) travels around the globeE) the reception of their TV sets答案： A DCB ED AWork and CareersSometimes we say that someone we know is a square peg in a round hole(1). This simply means that the person we are talking about is not suited for the job he is doing. He may be a bookkeeper who really wants to be an actor or a mechanic who likes cooking. Unfortunately, many people in the world are square pegs; they are not doing the kind of work they should be doing, for one reason or another. As a result they probably are not doing a very good job and certainly they are not happy.Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our lives at our jobs. For that reason we should try to find out what our talents are and how we can use them. We can do this through aptitude test, interview with specialists, and study of books in our field of interest.There are many careers open to each of us. Perhaps we like science. Then we might prepare ourselves to be chemists, physicists, or biologists. Maybe our interests take us into the business world and such work as accounting, personnel management or public relations. Many persons find their place in government service. Teaching, newspaper work, medicine, engineering-these and many other fields offer fascinating careers to persons with talent and training.练习：1. Paragraph 1_.2. Paragraph 2_.3. Paragraph 3_.A) Job choices for the talentedB) Importance of finding the right jobC) Result of taking the wrong jobD) Variety of jobs open to all4. A person who is not doing the right job cannot expect to _.5. To find the job most suitable for yourself, you should first of all _.6. There are actually various kinds of jobs we all can _.7. There are numerous ways to find out _.A) spend more time in schoolB) what job suit you bestC) choose fromD) do it well and feel comfortable in itE) find out what your talents are答案： C B D D E C BParkinsons Disease1 Parkinsons disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinsons, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including agin g and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinsons disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 rremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinsons disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinsons affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinsons may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills ( dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinsons disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines unntil your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results练习：23. Paragraph 1_ .24. Paragraph 2 _.25. Paragraph 3_ .26. Paragraph 4 _.A. Tips for Patients with the DiseaseB. Common Treatment for the DiseaseC. Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD. Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE. Possible Causes of the DiseaseF. Definition of Parkinsons Disease27. YouII find it hard to move the way you want to_ .28. A lot of research is being done to find out_.29. One of the most common signs of Parkinsons is tremor_.30. A person with Parkinsons has to learn to live with the disease,_.A. if there isnt enough dopamine m your bodyB. what affects muscles all through your bodyC. which cannot be cured yetD. if you have a fixed or blank expressionE. which may be the first symptom you noticeF. what causes Parkinsons disease答案：23.F解析第一段的大意即：什么是帕金森综合征?因此选F。24.E 解析第二段的大意即：什么原因导致帕金森症?因此选E。25.D 解析第三段的大意即：帕金森综合征的典型症状是什么?因此选D。26.B解析第四段的大意即：如何治疗帕金森症?因此选B。27.A 解析如果你的体内没有足够多的多巴胺，那么你会发现活动起来有困难。根据第一段最后一句：Then you no longer have enough dopamine，and you have trouble moving the way you want to.因此选A。28.F解析人们正在进行大量的研究来发现导致帕金森综合征的原因。根据第二段前三句话及后面提到的aging，poisons in environment等可推断应选F。29.E解析帕金森症最主要的一个症状就是颤抖，颤抖也可能是你注意到的最初症状。根据是第三段的第一句话：Tremor may be the first symptom you notice.可知E正确。30.C 解析得了帕金森症的病人必须要学会适应这种疾病，因为这还是一种不治之症。根据文章第四段第一句：At this time，there is no cure for Parkinsons disease.可知应选CNapping to a Healthier Heart?1. Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if at person with heart disease is likely to stiffer a heart attack2 The test measures levels of a protein in the blood. The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack, heart failure3 or stroke.2. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team. For about four years, they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease. The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP4. Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack, heart failure or stroke.3. The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way. The study involved mostly men, so the researchers could not say for sure5 that the results are also true for women. They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4. Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heart patient should affect that persons treatment. They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment6 could reduce the patients chance of a heart attack or stroke. The study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association7.5. Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack? An unrelated study earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine8 suggests that the answer may be yes. In countries like the United States, afternoon naps are mostly for children. But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries. And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease. So scientists in the United States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part. Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens9. Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not take naps.6. The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress. They say the research suggests that naps are especially good for working men. But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.练习：1. Paragraph 2_.2. Paragraph 3_.3. Paragraph 5_.4. Paragraph 6_.第1-4题选项A Effects of Napping in Females Still UncertainB Older Males Have Higher Levels of NT-proBNPC Development of a Simple but