动词不定式(TheInfinitive)学案.doc

Life can only be understood backward, but it must be lived forwards.译为：_Unit 1 复习不定式（Revise the Infinitive）学案主备： 王晓萍 审核：高二英语组Learning aims: Use the Infinitive correctly.Learning methods Task-based learning self-preview co-operative learningLearning ProceduresI. 不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语.但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作_、_、_、_、_、状语等。I）划出并辨别下面不定式或其短语在句子中充当的成分:1. It is difficult to know what the future holds. 2. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time. 3. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. 4. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. If I have a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. 8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. 10. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.II. 动词不定式的时态和语态的特点及作用。常见的形式如表所示（以及物动词do为例），不及物动词没有被动语态。时态语态主动被动一般式进行式/完成式完成进行式/【观察并区分】动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的不同：1、动名词与不定式的区别： 动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，经常性， 抽象， 已发生的 不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，_，具体， _2、有些动词如begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, cant stand 接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义基本相同。 例 句解 析1. It began to rain. It began raining.2. It was beginning to snow.3. I love lying (to lie)on my back.4. I like listening to music, but today I dont like to.5. I don t prefer to swim in the river now.1意思无差别，但谓语动词用进行时，后面只跟_2表示一种倾向多接_作宾语，3如果表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接_3、有些动词如remember, forget, regret, try接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义大相径庭。例 句解 析1. I remember to meet her at the station.I remember seeing her once somewhere.2. I forgot giving it to you yesterday.I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is.3. I regret not having working hard. I regret to hear of your sisters death. 4. Try knocking at the back door. We must try to get everything ready.5. That will mean flooding some land. I had meant to go on Monday.1. remember to do sth._ remember doing sth._2. forget to do sth._ forget doing sth._3. regret to do sth._ regret doing sth._4. try to do sth._ try doing sth_5. mean to do sth._ mean doing sth._特殊结构want, require, need例 句解 析These desks need repairing.These desks need to be repaired.The patient required examinedThe patient required to be examined.1. need doing=_ 需要被做2. want doing=_3._= require to be done【实战演练】1. _such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered2. One learns a language by making mistakes and _ themA. correct B. correcting C. corrects D .to correct3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephewA. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung4. Dont forget _ the letter .A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent5. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _ .A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 6. Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow ?A. this B. that C. it D. which7. Im afraid they would not allow him _ here .A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke8. Mother told me _ the water before I drank it .A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil9. On my way home, I stopped _ some food .A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought10. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment .A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing11. The sitting-room needs _ , but itll have to wait until Saturday .A. be cleaning B. to be cleanedC. clean D. being cleaned归纳本节课你的收获:_Life can only be understood backward, but it must be lived forwards.只有向后看才能理解生活，但要生活好，则必须向前看。答案：Unit 1 复习不定式（Revise the Infinitive）学案I.在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。I）划出并辨别下面不定式及其短语在句子中充当的成分:1. It is difficult to know what the future holds. （作主语）2. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time. （作主语）3. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. （作表语） 4. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. （作定语） 5. If I have a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.（作定语）6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. （作宾语）7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. （作宾语） 8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. （作状语） 9. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. （作状语）10. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.(作宾补)II. 动词不定式的时态和语态的特点及作用。常见的形式如表所示（以及物动词do为例），不及物动词没有被动语态。时态语态主动被动一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing/完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have been doing/动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：1、动名词与不定式的区别： 动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的 不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的2、有些动词如begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, cant stand 接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义基本相同。 例 句解 析1. It began to rain. It began raining.2. It was beginning to snow.3. I love lying (to lie)on my back.4. I like listening to music, but today I dont like to.5. I don t prefer to swim in the river now.1意思无差别，但谓语动词用进行时，后面只跟不定式2表示一种倾向多接动名词作宾语，3如果表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式3、有些动词如remember, forget, regret, try接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义大相径庭。例 句解 析1. I remember to meet her at the station.I remember seeing her once somewhere.2. I forgot giving it to you yesterday. I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is.3. I regret not having working hard. I regret to hear of your sisters death. 4. Try knocking at the back door. We must try to get everything ready.5.