被动语态专项.doc

被动语态专项考点1. 被动语态的构成：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by )在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。请写出以下时态的被动语态时态动词形式一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时练习高效复习P102考点2. 含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，be+过去分词部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。考点3. 被动语态的用法1.不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。2。当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。The room hasnt been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如：The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明常用It is + 过去分词.句型。It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的It is + 过去分词+ that句型还有It is reported that据报道It is said that据说It is believed that大家相信It is suggested that有人建议考点4. 主动语态与被动语态的转换1.They set up this hospital in 1975. 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示人们、大家的单词，变为被动句时，通常删去by，但原主语被强调者除外。2. Sally taught us American literature last year. _give ,send, take, bring, get等带有两个宾语，变为被动语态时可将其中一个宾语改为主语，另一个保留不动，被保留的间接宾语前通常加to.Mother has bought me a new bike._buy, make, find, get等在被动语态中被保留的间接宾语前通常加for.特别注意:He wrote Koba a long letter.She told me when the project would start._并非的间接宾语都可以转化为被动语态,宾语从句一般不可作为被动句的主语。3.We call this kind of flower carnation._We consider it wrong to shout at children who make mistakes._You dont have to make Peter work hard._see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。考点5. 主动结构表被动意义1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词做不及物动词是，主语为物，用主动语态表被动意义。This kind of shirt sells well here.2. look, smell, sound, taste等系动词主动语态表被动意义。 Moon cakes taste delicious.3.want/need/require +doing 相当于want/need/require +to be done.My bike needs repairing.不用被动语态的情况1. 主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词，The man introduced himself as Mr.White.They help each other study English.2. 当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词是，We will have a meeting.3. 主动句的宾语是不定式或doing时，My brother enjoys watching TV.He asked to have a try.练习：1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read 2. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listened C. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen 4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 5. The question _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built 7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up 8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished 9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown 10. He _ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised 11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ . A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened 12. The picture_ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 13. We cant use the bridge now, because it_ . A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing 15. The war_ in 1941. A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out 16. When water_ , it will be changed into vapour. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 17. We cant enter the room because its door_ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking 18. They _day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work 19. Changan Road is _of people. A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled 20. Man-made satellites _into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up 21. This English song _ often _ by the children. A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung 22.The windows of our house _once a week. A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned 23. When _ the Peoples Republic of China_ ? A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found 24. Marys radio _ by my brother just now. A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended 25. Your exercise books _ after class. A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in 26. Some trees may _ at other times of the year. A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted 27. The sun _ at night as usual. A. can be seen B. cant see C. cant be seen D. doesnt see 28. A new English play _ there next week. A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on 29. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday. A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen 30. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning. A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken 把下列句子改为被动语态 1. I saw the boy run yesterday. 2. He told me that he would come back soon. 3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. 4. Do you water your flowers every day? 5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. 6. I think that he is right. 7. He had not thrown the bad food. 8. Mother was not mending the trousers. 9. They would not take him to Beijing. 10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time. 参