运营管理 考试题库.doc

精品文档 Supplement B Simulation TRUE FALSE 1 Simulation is the process of reproducing the behavior of a system using a model that describes the processes of the system Answer True Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Easy Keywords simulation system behavior model 2 Time compression is the feature of simulation that allows managers to obtain operating characteristic estimates in much less time than is required to gather the same operating data from a real system Answer True Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords time compression 3 Simulation can be used to sharpen managerial decision making Answer True Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords simulation managerial decision making 4 Decision variables are random events that the decision maker cannot control Answer False Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords decision variable 5 A statistically significant difference in simulation results when acted upon by the manager will result in significant process improvements in the eyes of the customer or company or both Answer False Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords managerial decisions statistically significant results 精品文档 6 Steady state occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant Answer True Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords steady state simulation repetition MULTIPLE CHOICE 7 A simulation model a describes operating characteristics with known equations b replicates the service of customers and keeps track of characteristics such as the number in line the waiting time and the total time in the system c prescribes what should be done in a situation d finds the optimal solution to a problem without having to try each alternative Answer b Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Easy Keywords simulation model 8 Simulation models are a useful when waiting line models are too complex b useful for conducting experiments using the real system c preferred because they find optimal solutions d usually inexpensive relative to other approaches Answer a Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords simulation model waiting line model 9 A manager has been given the table shown below and is asked to generate random numbers Which of the following statements is TRUE Range Customers 00 490 50 791 80 992 a There are no customers in the store 49 percent of the time b The probability of having one customer in the store is 0 30 c The relative frequency of having two customers in the store is 0 80 d If we randomly choose the numbers 0 through 99 enough times about 99 percent of the time we will have two customers in the store Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Easy Keywords random number frequency probability 精品文档 10 Using a simulation model to gather a year of operating data in a few minutes is known as a historical search data collection b Monte Carlo optimization c suboptimization d time compression Answer d Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords time compression 11 Which one of the following relationships is correct a Decision variables reflect the value of uncontrollable variables b Dependent variables reflect the value of decision and uncontrollable variables c Uncontrollable variables reflect the value of decision variables d Uncontrollable variables reflect the values of dependent variables Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords decision variables uncontrollable variables dependent variables 12 A number that has the same probability of being selected as any other is called a n a Monte Carlo number b decision number c uncontrolled number d random number Answer d Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number 13 The manager of a branch bank wants to build a simulation model of the lobby operation to reduce the waiting time of her customers The number of tellers is an example of a a decision variable b an uncontrollable variable c a time compressed variable d a dependent variable Answer a Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords decision variable 精品文档 14 The manager of a branch bank wants to build a simulation model of the lobby operation to reduce the waiting time of her customers The number of customers arriving at any point of time is an example of a a decision variable b an uncontrollable variable c a time compressed variable d a dependent variable Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords uncontrollable variable 15 The manager of a branch bank wants to build a simulation model of the lobby operation to reduce the waiting time of her customers The number of customers waiting in line at any point of time is an example of a a decision variable b a dependent variable c an uncontrollable variable d a time compressed variable Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords dependent variable 16 Which one of the following statements regarding simulation analysis is FALSE a Simulation analysis is a form of hypothesis testing b In simulation dependent variables reflect the values of both the decision variables and the uncontrollable variables c Statistical methods require the replication of simulation runs d Each time a simulation model is run for a given set of decision variables the same random numbers must be used Answer d Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Hard Keywords random number 17 To generate 100 random numbers in an Excel simulation the RAND function is first typed into the A1 cell on an Excel spreadsheet A1 can then be copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells a A1 E5 b A1 H12 c A1 J10 d A1 E22 Answer c Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Easy Keywords random number Excel simulation 精品文档 18 To generate 80 random numbers in an Excel simulation the RAND function is first typed into the C2 cell on an Excel spreadsheet C2 is then copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells a C2 G13 b C2 J11 c C2 F20 d C2 D40 Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number Excel simulation 19 When using Excel for simulation it is important to freeze the random numbers used in order to compare the effectiveness of different policies To do this you must select the cells holding the random numbers with the mouse click Edit Copy at the top of the spreadsheet and a click Edit Paste Special and select the Values option b click Edit Paste to freeze the cells c click Edit Paste Special and select the Formulas option d move to a different section of the spreadsheet then click Edit Paste to freeze the cells Answer a Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number Excel simulation 20 The following table shows the probability of demand for automobiles used in an Excel simulation PROBABILITY OF DEMAND LOWER RANGE PROBABILITY CAR DEMAND 0 080 000 0 100 081 0 200 182 0 350 383 0 150 734 0 120 885 1 00 The RAND function results in a random number for week 1 of 0 2239 The VLOOKUP function is used with the table above to generate a random car demand for week 1 The resulting random car demand for this week is a 1 car b 2 cars c 3 cars d 4 cars Answer b Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number Excel simulation VLOOKUP 精品文档 21 The following table shows the probability of demand for automobiles used in an Excel simulation PROBABILITY OF DEMAND LOWER RANGE PROBABILITY CAR DEMAND 0 080 000 0 100 081 0 200 182 0 350 383 0 150 734 0 120 885 1 00 The RAND function results in a random number for week 1 of 0 1705 The VLOOKUP function is used with the table above to generate a random car demand for week 1 The resulting random car demand for this week is a 1 car b 2 cars c 3 cars d 4 cars Answer a Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number Excel simulation VLOOKUP 22 The following table shows the probability of demand for automobiles used in an Excel simulation PROBABILITY OF DEMAND LOWER RANGE PROBABILITY CAR DEMAND 0 080 000 0 100 081 0 200 182 0 350 383 0 150 734 0 120 885 1 00 The RAND function results in a random number for week 1 of 0 7587 The VLOOKUP function is used with the table above to generate a random car demand for week 1 The resulting random car demand for this week is a 1 car b 2 cars c 3 cars d 4 cars Answer d Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number Excel simulation VLOOKUP 精品文档 23 Which one of the following statements about simulation analysis is FALSE a If a result is statistically significant it is always managerially significant b Simulation analysis is a form of hypothesis testing c In simulation dependent variables reflect the values of both the decision variables and the uncontrollable variables d Statistical methods require the replication of simulation runs Answer a Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Hard Keywords simulation statistically significant managerially significant 24 A simulation model is used to test the impact of the number of sample customers at a supermarket As the model is run the decision maker watches the average number of customers in the store rapidly increase from zero until it levels off and holds a constant value The simulation model is a not valid due to the lack of change b in steady state c not valid due to the fluctuation in the statistics d a random variable Answer b Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords steady state 25 Which of the following statements about SimQuick is TRUE a SimQuick requires some knowledge of programming languages such as VISUAL BASIC or C b SimQuick can be used to simulate the flow of materials but cannot be used to study the process flows that involve people or information c SimQuick is an easy to use package that is simply an Excel spreadsheet with some macros d The primary disadvantage of SimQuick is that it is more costly and more difficult to set up when compared to other models such as SIMPROCESS and ProModel Answer c Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 26 SimQuick can be used to simulate all of the following EXCEPT a a call center with completely random call arrivals and processing times b a hospital emergency room with arrivals that vary during different time periods throughout the day c a manufacturing process with a constant arrival rate e g every 2 minutes at one of the process steps d the hiring of production workers based on skill requirements throughout the year Answer d Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 精品文档 Scenario B 1 SimQuick is being used to simulate the following bank process Customer arrivals at the Entrance Door of the bank with an average time between arrivals of 2 5 minutes The Line Buffer holds 6 customers If a customer arrives and the buffer line is filled the customer leaves The Work Station Teller s processing time per customer is normally distributed with a mean of 3 0 minutes and a standard deviation of 0 5 minutes The Served Customer Buffer in the flow chart is used to count the number of customers processed during the period simulated A 2 hour period was simulated The SimQuick simulation is run and the results are as follows ElementElementStatisticsOverall TypesNames Means EntranceDoorObjects entering process41 80 Objects unable to enter6 23 Service level0 87 BufferLineObjects leaving37 83 Final inventory3 98 Minimum inventory0 00 Maximum inventory5 85 Mean inventory3 08 Mean time in buffer9 75 Work StationTellerWork cycles started37 83 Fraction time working0 94 Buffer Served CustomersFinal inventory36 85 Entrance Door Work Station Teller Buffer Line Buffer Served Customers 精品文档 27 Use the information in Scenario B 1 Approximately how many total customers arrived during the 2 hour period simulated a 42 b 38 c 44 d 48 Answer d Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 28 Use the information in Scenario B 1 Approximately what percentage of total customers who arrived during the 2 hour period found the buffer full and were not able to enter a 87 b 13 c 94 d 6 Answer b Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 29 Use the information in Scenario B 1 Approximately how much time did the average customer who entered the system spend waiting in line a 9 75 minutes b 3 08 minutes c 5 85 minutes d 3 98 minutes Answer a Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 30 Use the information in Scenario B 1 On average approximately how many customers were waiting in line during the 2 hour simulation period a 5 b 4 c 3 d 2 Answer c Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick 精品文档 31 The arrival of customers at a lemonade stand is modeled in SimQuick using a n a entrance block b buffer block c workstation block d decision point Answer a Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick entrance block 32 A patient s interminable wait for the first available physician is modeled in SimQuick using a n a entrance block b buffer block c workstation block d decision point Answer b Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords SimQuick buffer block FILL IN THE BLANK 33 is the act of reproducing the behavior of a system using a model that describes the processes of the system Answer Simulation Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Easy Keywords simulation model system behavior 34 is a feature of simulation models that allows them to obtain operating characteristic estimates in much less time than is required to gather the same operating data from a real system Answer Time compression Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords time compression 35 uses random numbers to generate simulation events Answer Monte Carlo Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords Monte Carlo random numbers simulation 36 The two approaches to data collection for simulation are and Answer statistical sampling historical search Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords statistical sampling historical search data collection 精品文档 37 A number that has the same probability of being selected as any other number is a n Answer random number Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords random number probability 38 A variable that is controlled by the decision maker and will change from one run to the next as different events are simulated is a n Answer decision variable Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords decision variable controlled 39 are random events that the decision maker cannot control Answer Uncontrollable variables Reference The Simulation Process Difficulty Moderate Keywords uncontrollable variable random 40 occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant Answer Steady state Reference Computer Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords steady state SHORT ANSWERS 41 What is the difference between a waiting line model as described in Supplement C and a simulation model of a waiting line problem Answer The waiting line model describes the operating characteristics of interest with known equations The simulation model actually mimics the arrival of customers and their service empirically calculating the operating characteristics Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords simulation model waiting line model 42 What is meant by time compression in a simulation model Answer Simulation models gather data on operating characteristics in much less time than gathering the same data from the real system Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords time compression simulation model 精品文档 43 What are the motivations for using simulation for analyzing processes Answer Simulation models are useful when waiting line models are too complex When the relationship between variables is nonlinear or when there are too many variables or constraints to handle with optimizing approaches simulation is an attractive option Simulation can be used to conduct experiments without disrupting the real system Simulation can also be used to discover operating characteristics of a system in much less time than the data could be gathered from the real system Finally simulation can be used to sharpen managerial decision making through gaming Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords simulation model time compression waiting line model 44 What are the differences between decision variables and uncontrolled variables Describe the differences and provide an example from a simulation model Answer A decision variable is one that is under control of the decision maker and will change from one simulation run to the next as different events are simulated Uncontrolled variables are random events that the decision maker cannot control Both are functions of random numbers in the simulation model but the decision maker realizes that the uncontrolled variables such as weather customer arrival patterns state of the economy and so on are outside his influence Examples will vary Reference Reasons for Using Simulation Difficulty Moderate Keywords decision variable uncontrolled variable PROBLEMS 45 SimQuick is to be used to simulate the following bank process Customers arrive at the Entrance Door of the bank with an average time between arrivals of 2 5 minutes The Line Buffer holds 6 customers If a customer arrives and the buffer line is filled the customer leaves The Work Station Teller s processing time per customer is normally distributed with a mean of 3 0 minutes and a standard deviation of 0 5 minutes The Served Customer Buffer in the flowchart is used to count