书面表达技巧点拨及训练.doc

The English corner attracts more and more students at Xiangming Middle SchoolEvery Saturday afternoon，boys and girls from different grades gather in the office of the Students Union，practising their spoken EnglishThey talk about everything they are interested The students say：“The more we practise our oral English，the better we like English” Their English teachers say，“The students have done what they cant do in class” This corner was set up three years agoIt has more and more participants（参与者） now C: 65Zhonghua Street Shijiazhuang 050000 Hebei，China June 21st，2002 Dear Jim， How are you？Many thanks for the shirt！Im very happy to hear from you again I love the shirt very much，JimAnd red is my favourite colour！You remembered！Its just my sizeEvery time I wear it，I will think of you Im fine here in ChinaLast week，I had a birthday partyMany ofmy classmates came and my mother made us a lot of good foodWe really had a wonderful time togetherHow are you doing in England，Jim？I miss you very muchI always miss the days we were together last summerI hope you can come to China some day Please write back soon Your friend， LiLei D NOTICE All（of）the students of（in）Grade Two， Well go to work on the farm tomorrowPlease meet at 8：00oclock outside the school gate Dont forget to （Youd better） put on your old clothes June 25，1998 E March 15th，Monday Rainy This evening I went to Li Jiangs birthday partyWe sang and dancedWe had a good time at the party When I left Li Jiangs house，it began to rainIt was lateI had to walk home A motorbike ran by me very fastIt hit a boy at the crossingBut the motorbike didnt stopIt ran away I felt very angryI wrote down its number：FD2819I telephoned the police at onceThen I sent the boy to the hospital F: Sunday，June 23rd Fine It was a fine day today and the sun was brightI visited Beijing Zoo with my classmate，Zhang Hong The animals there were so interesting that allthe people loved themWhen I saw a visitor throwing food to the monkeys，I wentran to stop him and said，“Animals are our good friends and we must take good care of them” G: To MrSmith， With Best Wishes for A Merry Christmas and A Happy New Year！ From Wu Dong Q: Yesterday evening，I went out for a walk with my motherOn the road，we met a foreignerHe asked me the way to the Hot Spring HotelI told him to walk along the road and take the third turning on the left， then he could see the hotelHe thanked me very much for my helpI was happy that I could help him R: Xiao Ming had a dream last nightIn the dream，he volunteered to serve the Beijing OlympicsHe tried his best to help the foreign friends from different countriesWhen he found a foreign friend worried in the street，he went up to him and asked him what was the matterThe foreigner told Xiao Ming he was Jack，and he forgot the way to the Sun Hotel Then Xiao Ming stopped a taxi and took him to the Sun HotelXiao Ming talked with Jack on the way and made Jack know more about BeijingJack thanked Xiao Ming very much and thought Xiao Mings English was very goodXiao Ming was very happyHe smiled and smiled，then he woke up S: There is a river near my hometownIt is small but quite beautiful with tall，green trees on both sidesAnd we can see many different kinds of fish swimming freely in itIn the past，people used to come here to have a walk or to do morning or evening exercisesThey all had a good time around here In recent years，many factories have been built，and most of them poured dirty water into the small riverThe fish and other animals cant live and they begin to dieNow you can see the terrible，dirty water with much waste things on itYou can hear the noise of machines instead of the birdssoundPeople no longer come here How I wish the river could be protected and its beauty would return！Dear friends，lets do something to protect the poor，small river together！ 书面表达专项训练(二) J 昨天是妇女节，林涛为妈妈做了些事情。他帮助妈妈去商店买东西，打扫房间，做饭，妈妈很高兴。根据以上中文提示，写出一段意思连贯、符合逻辑的短文。（词数： 60词左右。） K 根据下列内容写一则日记。 今天是2004年4月11日，星期天，晴。我去听香港四大歌王之一刘德华的演唱会。我早就买好票期盼着(look forward to)这一天早日来到。演唱会于晚上7：00开始，持续三个小时。刘德华比实际年龄显得年轻，他的歌令歌迷很激动。 注意：1.字数90词左右。 2.请不要逐字翻译。 3.可适当发挥。 L 中国加入WTO后，有一大批想到中国投资（invest）的外国人来你市参观考察。假设你是接待员，请根据以下内容写一篇80词左右的短文，向来宾简单介绍你市的情况(开头已给出，词数：70词左右)。 1.这是一座新型的花园式城市； 2.海陆空交通便利，又有一条直通北京的高速公路（freeway）； 3.自然资源（natural resources）丰富，能源（energy）充足； 4.政府(government)支持（support）外国投资。 Ladies and gentlemen， M 根据下列情景和要求写一段对话。 要求：1.每人说话次数2次以上。 2.词数100词左右。 3.对话的开始语已给出。 汤姆三年的学习结束了，他和妈妈在谈论假期的出行计划及学习计划。 Mum: Tom， you have finished your three-year study. What are you going to do then? Tom: _ Mum: _ Tom: _ N 根据下列情景和要求写一段对话。 Kate（K）接到David（D）打来找Jim(J)的电话。David告诉Jim明天上午有一场精彩的足球赛，他已搞到两张票，特来邀请Jim同去观看。Jim高兴地接受邀请并约定见面的时间和地点。 要求：1. 每人说话次数2次以上。 2. 词数100词左右。 3. 对话的开始语已给出。 K: Hello! 8226931. D: _ K: _ J: _ O 假如你是英语课代表，在语言实验室(language lab)上听说课之前，向全班宣布以下注意事项： 1. 请早一点儿到语言实验室； 2. 进语言实验室只带教材,不要带其它东西； 3. 按老师指令做事，不要随便动机器； 4. 课上只许讲英语，不许讲汉语； 5. 可以复制听力材料(listening materials)； 6. 课后关机，按顺序离开语言实验室。 注意：1. 不要逐条翻译，以口头通知形式写一篇短文。2. 词数：100左右。 P An Australian friend is coming to your country for a year. According to the following mail, write one to answer his questions. (scarf n. 围巾) Hi, Robert! Im packing my bags and I dont know what to bring. I need some information. What season is it now? Whats the weather like at the moment and what are people wearing? Whats the weather like in other seasons? Thanks. See you very soon. Jack 中考写作专练 1 Letter （1） 假设你是Li Ping. 深圳中学的一名学生。 请根据提示写一封100个词的英文信。 信息提示： 受信人的姓名 Jim 写信人的姓名 Li Ping 写信人的地址 中国广东深圳市宝安北路180 号 写信的内容 简介深圳中学，学校生活， 个人生活， 个人爱好，家庭情况等。 写信的日期 2004年6 月19日 （2）下面是你的笔友给你的一封来信。 请你根据信的内容，给你的笔友写一封回信。要求：意思连贯， 表达正确，语言流畅， 必须充分表达书信中要求所要表达的内容，格式正确。 （你叫李华，住在广东省深圳市红岭路175 号，邮编518102 日期2004年8月19 日。）100 字左右。 Dear, I havent heard from you for a long time. How are you? I have just finished the exams. Now I am glad I have time to write to you. Our teacher tells us that China is a large country. It has the largest population in the world. It is very far from the USA. It is on the other side of the world. Now the sun is shining brightly while I am writing to you. But perhaps you are sleeping in the dark night. How interesting it is! Im becoming more interested in China. I wish to know more about your life. Could you tell me what kind of food you often have for meals? Please write me soon! Best wishes to you! yours, Catherine 2 Diary (1) 日期：2004 年5 月12 日 星期一 晴 看图片写一篇100 字左右的日记。 (2) 请用英语写一篇日记。 内容如下： 时间：2004年3月12 日（星期五， 晴） 内容 ：你校学生于植树节（3月12日）这一天早晨8点在校集合，步行到离校3千米远的山上植树。张老师和其他几位老师同你班在一起。 栽树的过程和方法如图所示。 全班同学都很努力，共植树200棵。 尽管他们都很累，却感到非常高兴。 词数：80字左右。 3 Announcement / Notice (1) Announcement 根据下面的汉语提示写一个60字左右的口头通知： 假如你是班长， 你们要举办英语讲座（lecture）。 1 时间：3 月1日星期五下午3 点至五点 2 地点：阶梯教室（lecture theatre） 3 讲座人：北京大学李平教授 4 报告的内容：怎样学英语 5 要求大家准时出席 (attend), 并且可以向他咨询有关英语学习的问题 （2 ）Notice 假定你是学生会文体委员。请根据下表， 写一篇100 字左右的关于暑假郊游的书面通知。 要求：通知必须包括表内所列全部内容，可以适当安排内容的顺序和增加细节，使其连贯，完整。 参加者 初中一，二年级的学生 （1）6月25日去香山公园爬山 （2）在山顶野餐 （3）参观植物园 （1）早晨七点集合， 七点二十分开车（2）学校大门口前（1）穿运动鞋（2）自带午餐和饮用水 （3）准时集合 （4）参加者在本周四肢迁到学生会报名 4 Notes (1) 根据下面的提示内容写一篇80-120 词的短文。 假定现在是5月7日下午四点，星期日。 你的名字叫李华，是某中学的学生。你到一位加拿大同学Mike的住处邀请他和你一道去看电影。可是他不在家。你留意个便条说明情况。 1 今晚7：30人民电影院放映白求恩（Bethune）， 是关于一位来自于加拿大的医生的故事。六十多年前他来到中国， 为中国人民的革命事业（revolution）做出了贡献。 电影票已经买好。 2 人民电影远离学校大约2 公里，两人最好骑自行车前往。 3 你让他吃晚饭就出发， 7：00在学校门口等他。 （2）根据中文意思提示写作。 假如你叫李明， 因患重感冒今，明两天不能上学。请你给你的外籍英语教师写一张请假条， 说明你这两天不能上学的原因。60 字左右。 （3）根据提示内容写一张60 80字的请假条。 赵老师您好： 今天张芳患病不能前去上课， 我要带她去医院。 向您请病假三天。 学生家长：王丽 2004年6月10 日 4 Lost and Found （1）根据下面的汉语提示写一篇寻物启事。 假如你是王利， 在十五中工作， 今天（2004年6月8日）早晨在上班的路上丢了手提包。 提包里面装有一支钢笔，一把钥匙和许多钱。 （2）情根据下面的汉语提示写一篇招领启事。 你于今天（11月8日）上午在学校花园拾到手提包一个， 内有钱若干及一个笔记本，请失主前来301室领取。 例文1. Letters (1) 180 North Baoan Road Shenzhen,Guangdong,China June 19,2004 Dear Jim, How are you ? Im very glad to write the letter to you. My name is Li Ping. Im a Chinese Boy. Im from Shenzhen, China. Do you know Shenzhen? Its a beautiful modern city in Guangdong. I study in Shenzhen Middle School. Our school is very large and beautiful. Im in Class One, Grade 3. There are 45 classes in our school. We study Chinese, maths, English and other subjects. I like English very much. I like playing computer games, football and watching TV. I have many friends. We help each other and learn from each other. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and I. I want to make friends with you. Please write to me soon / Hope to hear from you soon/ Im looking forward to hearing from you soon. Best wishes. Yours , Li Ping (2) 175 Hongling Road ,Shenzhen 518102 Guangdong, China August 19, 2004 Dear Catherine, Thank you for your last letter. I hadnt received a letter from you for a long time, either. I miss you very much. You said you are interested in China. Yes. Our country has changed a lot in the last few years. Shes much better than you think. China is getting richer and stronger. I really hope you can come to China for a visit one day. You asked me about my life and food. Now I have finished my exams. I did quite well in them. Im spending / having my holidays at home. Im very “busy” every day. After I do my homework, I often help my mother do the housework. Sometimes I go out for a walk, or watch TV at home or go to the cinema, or go swimming with my friends. Im living a happy life. My favorite food is rice and fried chicken. I often have them for meals. Please write to me soon! Best wishes to you ! Yours, Li Hua 1. Diary (1) Monday, May 12, 2004 Fine / Sunny This morning, I saw a blind man walking across the street on my way to school. A car was going to hit him. I ran up to him and pulled him back. The man was saved. I took him to the other side of the street. The man thanked me for doing that, but I didnt wait for his thanks. I went to school at once. It was late. The first class had begun when I got to the classroom. After I told my teacher what had happened,” Well done, Ling Feng,” said the teacher with a smile I feel happy today though / although I was late for class, because I have done a good thing. （2） Friday March 12th 2004 Sunny (Fine) Today is Tree Planting Day. At 8:00 in the morning, the students met at our school gate. We walked to the hill 3 kilometers away. Mr Zhang and other teachers went with us. When we got there, we worked in pairs. First, we dug some holes( in the ground ) . When the holes were deep enough, we put the young trees in the holes, and then filled them again. At last we watered the trees well. All the students worked very hard, and we planted about 200 trees. Though we were very tired, we still felt happy. 2. Announcement / Notice (1) Announcement Girls and boys / Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please ? / Attention, please . / Ive got announcement to make./ Im very glad to tell you that an English lecture will be held in the lecture hall / theater from 3 p.m .to 5 p.m. on Friday, March 1st.It will be given by Professor Li Ping from Beijing University. The topic is” How to learn English well”. You may take notes if you like. And you may ask any question on English learning / study after the lecture. Please attend the lecture on time / dont be late. Thats all, thank you. (2) Notice June 20th,2004 The students of Junior Grade One and Two will go to Xiangshan Park on June 25th. We will climb the hill and have a picnic on the top of it. After that , we will visit the famous botanical garden nearby. Please put on / wear your sports shoes and bring your picnic lunch and drinking water with you .We will meet / get together / gather in front of our school gate at seven oclock in the morning. The buses are going to leave at 7:20. So be sure to come on time. Those who want to go should register their names with the Students Union before Thursday. The Students Union ( June 20th, 2004 ) 1.notes ( 1) Message Left / Leaving a message (4:00 p.m.) May 7th ( Sunday) Dear Mike, There will be a film called “ Bethune” at the Peoples Cinema at 7: 30 p.m. It is a story about a Canadian doctor. He came to China and helped Chinese revolution sixty years ago. I have bought the tickets. It is two kilomtres away from our school to the cinema. Wed better go there by bike. As soon as you finish your supper, please go to the gate of our school. Ill wait for you there at 7:00 oclock in the evening. ( Yours ) Li Hua (2) Written Request for Leave / Asking for Leave Sick Leave Tuesday Dear Mr. Green, Im very sorry to tell you that Im not feeling well today. This morning I went to see a/ the doctor and he told me that I had caught a bad cold. He also asked / told me to stay in bed for two days. So I cant go to school today and tomorrow. I hope to go back to school as soon as I get well. Please dont worry about me . Ill make up for the lessons that I have missed when I am back at school. Thank you. Yours, Li Ming (3) Sick Leave July 10, 2004 Dear Miss Zhao, Zhang Fang is seriously / badly ill this morning and I have to take her to see the doctor. So she cant go to school for class. I think she will stay in hospital for some days. I have to ask you for a sick leave of three days / a three-day leave. I hope she will be well soon and go back to school as soon as possible. Her mother, Wang Li 2. Lost and Found (1) LOST I lost my handbag on the way to work this morning. There is a pen, a key to the door and a lot of money in it. I wish the finder to return it to me very soon. Will the finder please come to the NO. 15 Middle School or call me? My telephone number is 8675331. My name is Wang Li. Ill pay him or her for it. Thank you! (2) FOUND A handbag with some money and a notebook was left in the school garden this morning ( Nov. 18th ) . Will the owner please come to Room 301, Building 14 and get it ? 中考英语书面表达解题技巧点拨及训练 中考试题中的书面表达形式相对比较固定，主要有四种：看图作文；命题作文，即提示作文；小的应用文(包括书信、日记、贺卡、留言、通知等)写作。无论哪一种书面表达形式，都要求：紧扣题目，准确、全面地表达出要点中规定的全部信息和内容，不得遗漏；表达正确，意思连贯，过渡自然；格式正确，书写规范，标点准确，字数符合要求。 记叙文写作的基本要求是什么呢？ 要有明确的中心思想。记叙要清楚明白。线索要清晰。要有恰当的叙事角度。选材要详略得当。 具体地说，记叙文写作要把握以下几点： 1记叙文所记叙的事件必须相关连。要有开头（beginning）、中间（middle）和结尾（end）。在必要时加入冲突（conflict），以使情节曲折，跌宕起伏。一般说来，写记叙文应把握好六个要素：who（何人）、what（何事）、 when（何时）、where（何地）、why（何因）、how（怎么）。初中阶段多为叙事短文，一般应包括 where，who，what这三个最基本的东西。 2写作时观点的掌握非常重要。记叙文常用第一人称或第三人称两种人称记述。用第一人称的角度记叙，使人感到亲切，读者很容易产生身临其境之感，相信真有其事。这种形式常用在写自传、本人的经历或记叙耳闻目睹的事件；用第三人称的角度记叙，使人感到客观。这种形式常用在对重大事件的客观报导，以及记叙他人的经历或事迹。 3常见的叙述方式有：顺叙。按事情发展的顺序或时间顺序进行叙述。倒叙。把事情的结局或某个突出的片段提到前面叙述，然后再按照事情的顺序叙述下去。插叙。在叙述过程中，由于某种需要，暂时把叙述的线索中断一下，插入有关的另一叙述。夹叙夹议。一方面叙述事情，一方面对这件事情加以分析或评论。 A 记述一次郊游活动（outing），包括下列内容： 时间、地点：上星期六，海边。 活动内容：去时花了几个小时，到海边后搭帐蓬，在露天生火做饭，讲故事，唱歌，做游戏。 自己感想：尽管很累，大家玩得很痛快。 要求：用第一人称写，词数70左右。 _ 写说明文要注意以下几点： 1要抓准特征。对某一事物予以说明，首先要弄清从哪些方面加以说明才能准确地反映被说明的事物。一般说来，说明事物可以从被说明事物的颜色、形状、形态；性质、性能、习性；原因、原理；作用、用途、功能；危害、影响；结构；操作过程；发生、发展的规律等方面着手。但是，每一事物都有它自己的特征，因而显示出了这一事物与其他一事物的根本区别，因此，在说明事物时，不要面面俱到，要抓住事物的特征，这样才能使读者得到具体而深刻的印象。 2层次要分明。说明事物要注意条理，否则就不可能说清复杂的事物。例如说明事物的结构，就要按照构造的顺序来说明，或从上到下，或从前到后，或由外到里，或由主到次。又如说明四季的变化，就要按照时间的顺序（spring，summer，autumn，winter）来写。 3解析要清楚。对各种知识所作的解释，对某种事物所作的说明，都要清楚明白。 4表现手法要多样。常见的说明文方法有：下定义。举例子。运用比喻、比拟的方法。做比较。引用数字。分类别。列图表。 5用词要力求准确。引用的数据要绝对可靠，文字要简明扼要，一目了然。这是写说明文在语言文字上的要求 B 向明中学的“英语角”活动开展得有声有色。请你用英语为一家英文报纸写一篇 80100字的简讯。 内容：“英语角”活动开展已经3年。 活动时间：每周六下午。 活动内容：用英语交谈任何感兴趣的话题。 活动地点：校学生会办公室。 活动效果：长盛不衰，参加者踊跃，学生的口语能力明显提高。 注意：简讯应有标题。 _ 英语应用文主要包括书信、日记、留言、贺卡、通知等。 C 假如你（Li Lei）在去年夏令营认识的一个朋友Jim从英国给你寄来一件礼物一件红色的衬衫，并附有一封信。在信中他向你问好，他想知道你近来在忙些什么。请你给他写一封回信（100个词左右）表示感谢。回信要包括以下内容：向Jim问好并对他表示感谢。 礼物是你最喜欢的颜色，尺寸很合适，你非常喜欢。告诉Jim你近来很好，上周刚过完生日，生日聚会很热闹。询问Jim的近况，并表示希望他能来中国。 注意：信的格式已经给出。信中不得使用真实的人名、地名。 65Zhonghua Street Shijiazhua