八年级unit 8.doc

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 第 11 页 共 11 页【目标指南针】交际话题描述（制作过程）；遵循说明必背单词Section Ablender 食物搅拌器honey 蜂蜜spoon 勺；调羹pot 锅salt 食盐sugar 食糖cheese 干酪；奶酪machine 机器；机械装置hole 洞；孔；坑peel 剥皮；去皮pour 倒出；倾倒add 增加；添加dig 掘(地)；凿(洞）；挖(土)finally 最后；最终shake 摇动；抖动 Section Bbutter 奶油；黄油piece 片；块；段traveler (= traveller) 漂泊者；旅行者autumn 秋天；秋季oven 烤箱；烤炉plate 盘子；碟子temperature 温度；气温；体温celebrate 庆祝；庆贺fill (使)充满；装满serve 接待；服务；提供traditional 传统的；惯例的mix n.混合配料 v.(使)混合；融合cover v.遮盖；覆盖 n.覆盖物；盖子 重点短语Section Aturn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开cut up 切碎pour . into . 把.倒进.Section Ba piece of 一块fill . with . 用.填满.cover . with . 用.覆盖. 经典句型1. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样做香蕉奶昔？2. How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？3. How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶？4. Turn on the blender. 打开食物搅拌器。5. Finally, dont forget to add some salt. 最后，不要忘了加些盐。 核心语法祈使句的用法及可数名词与不可数名词 Section A【重难点全解】1. turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开【注意】turn on是“动词+副词”结构，宾语是人称代词时，人称代词要放在turn和on之间。1)Turn on the TV. Turn the TV on. 把电视打开。2)Turn it on, please. 请把它打开。E.g. He turned on the radio to listen to the music.他打开收音机来听音乐。【拓展】与turn相关的短语：turn on 打开 turn off 关闭turn up 开大；调高 turn down 开小；调低 【练习】a.(2015湖北襄阳)-Could you _ the computer for me,dear? I want to check my e-mails.-Certainly, Ill do it right away.A.turn on B.turn downC.turn off D.turn offb.(贵州中考)When you leave the reading room, you should remember to _ the lights.A. turn on B.turn down C.turn off答案：a.A ； b.C2. cup up 切碎 （相当于cut . Into pieces）【注意】cut up是“动词+副词”结构，宾语是人称代词时，人称代词要放在cut和up之间。E.g. 1)Please help me cut up the carrots.请帮我把胡萝卜切碎。2) Hand the meat to me. Ill cut it up.把肉递给我，我要切碎它。【拓展】有关up的常见短语。put up 张贴；抬起；举起 use up 用尽eat up 吃光 give up 放弃get up 起床 wake up 醒来stay up 熬夜 dress up 装扮；乔装打扮grow up 长大；成熟；成长 take up 占据；开始从事【练习】a.(2015福建漳州)-Kangkang, could you tell me how to cook noodles?-OK. First, you should _ ham, cabbage and onions finely.A. cut up B.cut down C.cut offb.(烟台中考)制作香蕉奶昔的第二个步骤是将香蕉切碎。The second step of making a banana milk shake is _ the bananas.答案：a.A.cut up意为“切碎”；cut down意为“砍到”；cut off意为“切断；中断”。问句问的是如何煮面条，所以“切碎”火腿、卷心菜和洋葱符合题意。 b.cutting up3.shake n.&v.摇动；抖动 （过去式shook）n. milk shake 奶昔E.g. 1）A shake of the head was her answer.她的回答是摇摇头。2） He made a banana milk shake yesterday.昨天，他制作香蕉奶昔了。v. shake ones head 摇头shake hands (with sb.) (和某人)握手E.g. 1)He shook his head sadly.他难过地摇了摇头。2) We usually shake hands when we meet for the first time. 当我们第一次见面时我们通常握手。3) The house shook when the earthquake started.地震开始时房子摇晃起来。 【练习】a.你会制作草莓奶昔吗？Can you _ _ _ _ _?b.He _ (shake) his head when I asked him the question.答案：a.make a strawberry milk shake b.shook4.one cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶【注意】“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”用来表示不可数名词的量，表示复数概念时，在两次后面加-s或-es.a cup of tea 一杯茶 three bags of salt 三袋盐five baskets of flowers 五篮子花ten bottles of water 十瓶水E.g. Jim drinks a cup of yogurt every day.吉姆每天喝一杯酸奶。【练习】a.(黄冈中考)-What would you like to drink, girls?-_, please.A. Two glass of water B.Two glass of watersC.Two cups of tea D.Two cups of teasb.(2015兰州)I paid 10 yuan for _ this morning.A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milkC.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk答案：a.C.water和tea都是不可数名词，排除B和D。cup和glass都是可数名词，根据two确定量词要用复数形式。b.B.milk是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除A、C;不可数名词前不能直接用数词，排除D。5.dont forget to do sth. 不要忘记做某事(祈使句的否定结构，该句式中的事情还未做)E.g.Dont forget to give a call to your grandparents. They are waiting for your call.不要忘记给你的爷爷奶奶打电话。他们正在等你的电话。【拓展】forget/remember doing sth. 忘记、记得做过某事(事情已做)E.g. 1)I forgot locking the door.我忘记锁上门了。(门已锁上，但忘记已锁门了)2) We remembered writing a letter to you.我们记得给你写过一封信。(写过信，并且记住了)【练习】a.(福州中考)-Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning.-Thanks. I wont.A. bring B.to bring C.bringingB.(绥化中考)Remember _ off the lights when you leave the room, please.A. to turn B.turning C.turn答案：a.B. 由答语中的“I wont.”可知事情还未做，故用“forget to do sth.”结构。b.A. 由“when you leave the room”可知是提醒对方要关灯，故选A。【语法直通车】祈使句的用法概念：祈使句是表示命令、请求、劝告、警告等的句子。用法：祈使句的主语一般是第二人称，故通常省略。祈使句的肯定形式和否定形式两种。1. 肯定形式的祈使句Do型动词原形（+宾语）+其他.Be型Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他.Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他1) Please listen to me carefully.请认真听我讲。2) Be a good kid! 要做一个好孩子。3) Let me help you. 让我来帮你。2. 否定形式的祈使句Do型Dont+动词原形(+宾语)+其他Be型Dont be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他Let型Dont+let+宾语+动词原形+其他Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他其他有些否定结构的祈使句以no开头，常见结构是“No+动名词/名词”，一些常见的禁止性标识通常用该结构。1) Dont forget me!不要忘记我！2) Dont be late for school. 上学不要迟到！3) Dont let him go./Let him not go.别让他走。4) No smoking!禁止吸烟！可数名词与不可数名词可数名词不可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，如：an eraser，a book, two buses。没有单复数形式，只有一种形式，如：water，bread，tea，milk，salad。可以直接用不定冠词a/an或数词来修饰，如：a cake，an orange, four girls.不能直接用不定冠词或数词修饰，如：a milk()，three bread()。可以用some，any，few，many,a lot of/lots of来修饰可数名词复数形式，如：some boys，a few players，many bananas。可用some，little，a little，much，a lot of/lots of来修饰，如：some milk，a little tea，a lot of salad。用how many来询问数量。用how much来询问数量。单个可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；多个可数名词或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。其作主语时，位于动词用单数形式。但是，当其前面有复数名词短修饰时，位于动词用复数形式。可数名词的规则变化：情况构成方法例词一般情况加-sbook-books书dog-dogs 狗以s，x，ch，sh等结尾的大多数名词加-esclass-classes 班级watch-watches 手表以辅音字母加y结尾的名词改y为，再加i-escity-cities 城市baby-babies 婴儿factory-factories工厂以f(e)结尾的名词变f(e)为v，再加-eswife-wives 妻子half-halves 一半leaf-leaves 树叶可数名词的不规则变化：改变单数名词中的元音字母man-men 男人tooth-teeth 牙齿词尾有变化child-children 孩子mouse-mice 老鼠单数、复数形式相同sheep-sheep 绵羊deer-deer 鹿Chinese-Chinese 中国人特殊情况a girl student-girl students 女学生a man driver-men drivers 男司机【课后显身手】 Period 1 （Section A 1a -2d）I.根据句意、首字母或汉语提示填词。1. Id like to a_ some pepper to the soup.2. The second step of making a banana milk shake is _(切碎) the bananas.3. We forgot _(告诉) him the news, so he didnt know at all.4. What do we need _(buy) for supper?5. Eating too much _(食盐) is bad for our health.II.单项选择。1.(南平中考)-Have you finished your work yet?-No, not yet. Itll take me _ ten minutes.A. other B.another C.the other2. (成都中考)_ can we become good learners?-By working hard and asking the teachers for help.A. How B.Where C.When3. (扬州中考)-_ pocket money do you usually get every month?-Fifty yuan. What about you?A. How often B.How longC.How many D.How much4. Its dark here. Please _ the light.A. turn off B.turn on C.turn up D.turn down5. -What can I do for you?-Please _ two apples and then _.A. peel;cut them up B.peel;cut up themC.get;cut them D.gets;cut them upIII.根据汉语提示完成句子。1. 我们需要多少蜂蜜？_ _ _ do we need?2. 我需要一个漏斗把汽油灌进罐里。I need a funnel to _ the petrol _ the tank.3. I have drunk two glasses of milk till this morning.(对画线部分提问)_ _ milk have you drunk till this morning?4.We need another ten people to do the work.(改为同义句)We need _ _ _ to do the work.5. 把牛肉和土豆放进锅里，加一些水。_ the beef and _ a pot and _ some water. Period 2 （Section A 3a-3c）I. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.In summer, there are a lot of _(watermelon) in the supermarket.2.Do we need _(pour) the milk into the blender.3._(not talk) loudly in the library.4.Tina, lets _ (make) fruit salad.5._ (turn) off the light when you leave the room.6.We _ (dig) a hole to plant a tree yesterday morning.II.单项选择。1.(2015河北)-Its important for us to know _all the subjects.-Yeah, group work is my favorite.A. how to study B.when to study C.what to study D.which to study2. I have to write _ letter this evening.A. another B.two another C.two more3. Can I add tomatoes _ the shopping list?A. in B.on C.to 4. (2015海南)-How much _ do we need?-Two pieces.A. tomato B.bread C.onions5. (2013湖北黄冈)After nine years hard-work, finally his dream came true.A. at the end B.at the moment C.at once D.at last6.(青海中考)-I dont know _ next?-Youd better finish your homework first.A. What to do B.How to do C.When to doIII.根据汉语提示完成句子。1. 到新闻联播时间了，请打开电视机。Its time _ CCTV News. Please _ _ the TV.2. 请刚写鸡肉片在这个三明治上。Please _ some chicken slices _ the sandwich.3. 我想在星期天的聚会上制作罗宋汤。I want to _ Russian soup _ the party on Sunday.4. 我们需要多少根香蕉。_ _ bananas do we need?5. 你需要好好休息。You _ _ have a good rest.IV.补全对话。(从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话，其中有两项多余)A:1._B:Well, first put some butter on a piece of bread.A:How much butter? What else?B:About a teaspoon. Next cut up some tomatoes.A:2._B:Well, one is probably enough. Put the tomato on the sandwich. Then cut up an onion, too.A:Sounds good. 3._B:Next, put some turkey pieces on the sandwich.A:4._B:About three.A:OK. Is that all?B:Not quite. Put some relish(佐料)on the turkey.A:How much?B:Two spoons should do it. And dont forget the lettuce.A:5._B:Finally, put another piece of bread on top.A. What about the turkey?B. Do you like it very much?C. How do you make a turkey sandwich?D. How many turkey pieces?E. Do you have any questions?F. Sounds delicious.G. How many tomatoes? Period 3 (Grammar).单项选择。1.We should take our teachers _ and make full use of _ to study.A.advices;times B.advice;timeC.advice;times D.advices;time2. -How much _ pair of shoes?-Twenty dollars _ enough.A. is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are3. There are two _ and three _ on the table.A. apples;banana B.apple;bananaC.apples;bananas D.apple;bananas4. (绵阳中考)Jack, _ play around here. Your sister is asleep now.A. doesnt B.not C.no D.dont5. (河南中考)_ out your love. The world will become a nicer place to live in.A. Speak B.To speak C.Spoke D.Speaking6. (丽水中考)-Betty, pass me the _. I will cut the cake.-OK, Mom. Here you are.A. sugar B.scarf C.knife D.note7. (广州中考)-Sorry Im late.-_ tell me the bus broke down again!A. Never do B.Not C.Dont D.No8. (黄石中考)-Im leaving for Xisai Mountain this afternoon.-_ you have packed everything.A. To be sure B.Been sureC.Being sure D.Be sure9. -What are the rules at your school?-Dont run in the hallways and _ arrive late for class.A. not to B.wont C.dont D.no10. -(遵义中考)Can I help you?-I want _.A. two boxes of appleB. Two glass of waterC. Two bowls of porridge11. Mom, Im very hungry now. Can you give me some _?A. meats B.foods C.fruit D.juices12. -Hi! Could you please give me some _, doctor?-Of course. Ill give you five _.A. suggestion;piece of adviceB. Suggestion;advicesC. Suggestions;advicesD. Suggestions;pieces of advice II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. How many _(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some _(food) om the basket.3. The baby has only two _(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of _(water) in the bottle.5. There are five _(people) in his family. Section B【重难点全解】1. piece n.片；块；段 a piece of 一片；一块1) First, put some butter on a piece of bread.首先，在面包上放一些黄油。2) Im hungry. Please give me a piece of cake.我饿了，请给我一块蛋糕。a piece of 的多种含义a piece of cake/bread/news/paper 一块蛋糕/一片面包/一条新闻/一张纸【拓展】“数词+piece+名词”用法相似的短语a cup of 一杯a glass of 一杯a bag of 一包a box of 一箱a bowl of 一碗a bottle of 一瓶【练习】a.桌子上有一杯牛奶。There are _ _ _ _ on the table.b.你想吃两片面包吗？Would you like _ _ _ _?答案：a. a glass of milk b. two pieces of bread. 解析：如果表示的数量超过一个，则piece用复数形式，并且pieces of做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，如：“There are two pieces of bread on the plate”。2. mix n.混合配料 v.(使)混合；融合【拓展】mix up. “用.把.混合在一起，混淆”，当宾语是代词时，只能放在mix和up之间。1) The man is mixing up the liquid.这个男人正在把两种液体混合在一起。2) Please mix them up.请把它们混合在一起。【练习】请不要把油和水混合起来。Please dont _ _oil with water.答案：mix up3. cover v.遮盖；覆盖【拓展】cover.with.be covered with. 被.所覆盖1) He covered the table with a cloth.他用一块布把桌子盖起来了。2) The mountains are covered with trees.这座山被树覆盖了。n.覆盖物；盖子；封面1) The cover of the magazine is nice.这份杂志的封面很漂亮。2) You can use a cover to cover the cup.你可以用一个盖子盖住这只杯子。【练习】a.You can see a cock on _ _ _(封面) the book.b.The ground _ _ _(覆盖) snow.答案：a.the cover of b.is covered with4. temperature n.温度；气温；体温1) Cook it at a very high temperature for a long time.在高温下长时间地烹饪。2) What was the temperature yesterday?昨天气温是多少？3) The temperature of the water is just right for drinking. 水的温度正好适宜饮用。【拓展】at a very high/low temperature 在高/低温下；以高/低温The workers often work at a very high temperature.工人们经常在高温下工作。take ones temperature 量体温 have a temperature 发烧She took her temperature and found that she had a temperature. 她量了体温发现她发烧了。【练习】因为几天前气温下降，很多人得了感冒。Many people have got a cold because _ _ _ a lot several days ago.答案：the temperature dropped5. fill.with. 用.填满.He is filling the bottle with sand.他正在用沙子装满瓶子【拓展】be filled with = be full of 充满；装满1) The large box is filled with books.这个大箱子里装满了书。2) The basket is filled with flowers.=The basket is full of flowers. 这个篮子里装满了鲜花。【练习】(十堰中考)-The box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it?-Oh, it is _ books.A. filled with B.covered with C.used for答案：A6. Its time (+for sb.) + to do sth. 是(某人)做某事的时候了1) Its time for you to clean the classroom.是你打扫教室的时候了。2) Its time for us to have a rest.到我们休息的时间了。3) Its time to go to bed.到睡觉的时间了。【拓展】Its time for sth. 是.的时候了；该.了1) Boys and girls, its time for class.同学们，该上课了。2) Its time for dinner.到吃晚饭的时间了。【练习】a.是吃午饭的时候了。_b.(济南中考)Its 9:30 p.m., children! _ is time to go to bed.A. That B.It C.This D.They答案：a.Its time to have lunch.b. B. 考查代词的用法。Its time to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“是做某事的时候了”。【课后显身手】 Period 4（Section B 1a-1e）. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There are some _ (orange) on the table.2. I like _ (tomato) and _ (chicken).3. Do we need _ (pour) the milk into the blender.4. Ten minutes for you to make your favorite _ (sandwich).5. Da Ming usually has a bowl of _ (noddle) for breakfast.6. Please give me some _ (bread) with _ (butter).II.单项选择。1. -What would you like for breakfast?-Id like _ and _.A. sandwich;egg B.sandwiches;eggC.sandwiches;eggs2. We need to _ the bananas before we eat them.A. mix B.peel C.pour3. Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as _ to keep health.A. tomatoes and potatoes B.tomatos and potatosC.tomatoes and potates4. -How many _ do we need to make fruit salad? -Two should be enough.A. cabbage B.potatoes C.bananas5. _ people are there in your family?A. How much B.How often C.How many6. We have bought two _ for the coming party.A. box of apple B.boxes of apples C.box of apples7. -Jenny, I need some milk. -OK, Mom. _ do you need?A. How much B.How many C.How long8. -_ did you pay for the CD? -Only nine dollars.A. How many B.How much C.How oftenIII. 根据汉语提示完成句子。1. 我要亲手做三明治。I am going to _ _ by myself.2. 你需要多少黄油？_ _ _ do you need?3. 你怎么又把电视打开了？你应该先做作业。Why did you _ _ the TV again? You should do your homework _.4. Tina往汤里放了些盐。Tina _ some salt _ the soup.5. 我妹妹擅长做水果沙拉。My sister _ _ _ making fruit salad.6. 然后放入两汤匙柠檬和酸奶。_ put in _ _ _ lemon and _ _ _ yogurt.turn on，dig，o.，plant，makeIV.从方框中选择适当单词或短语并用其正确形式填空。1. Now _ the fruit _ a bowl.2. He _ his MP5 and listened to music when he got back home.3. We should _ more tress in order to keep the air fresh and clean.4. First _ a hole enough for a tree. Then put the tree in the hole.5. Can you _ beef noodles? Period 5（Section B 2a-2e）.根据句意、首字母或汉语提示填词。1. Jiaozi is a kind of _(tradition) food in China.2. You can learn English by _(listen) to English songs.3. We held a party to _(庆祝) our success.4. My friend _(提供) us a delicious lunch last Sunday.5. A_ comes after summer.6. She had a fever(发烧). Her t_ came down after she took some medicine.7. The butter, yogurt and relish are ready. M_ them up.8. The apple is too big. Please c_ it into halves.II.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。turn on，o.，cover.with.，a piece of，cut up1. _ the bananas and ice-cream _ the blender.2. He _ his face _ his hands.3. Then, _ the blender.4. He used a knife to _ the bananas.5. -Please pass me _ bread. -OK. Here you are.III.补全对话。根据对话内容，用适当的词补全对话。A:Lets make fruit salad.B:OK, good 1._. How 2._ yogurt do we need?A:One cup.B:And 3._ 4._ apples do we need?A:Let me 5._. We need three apples.B:How do we make it?A:6._ cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon. Next, 7._ the fruit in a bowl.