非谓语动词(综合讲解归纳).doc

非谓语动词分词作状语的形式1. _ (tell) many times, he still cant remember it.2. _ (write) in a hurry, the paper is full of mistakes.3. They cut off the electricity, _ (prevent) a fire in time.4. _ (finish) all the work, the boss lay in the sofa , relaxed. 形式 意义 v. -ing (doing)与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语动词动作同时发生，或基本同时发生 having+v. -ed (having done)与句子主语为逻辑上的_关系，_句中谓语动词动作发生 v. -ed (done)与句子主语为逻辑上的_关系 being + v. -ed (being done)与句子主语为逻辑上的_关系，与句中谓语动词动作_发生 having been +v. -ed (having been done)与句子主语为逻辑上的_关系，_句中谓语动词动作发生及物动词的分词作定语1. The houses _(build) are for the teachers. 2. “Things _ (lose) never come again!” I couldnt help talking to myself.3. The _ (move) car is so beautiful.4. I have never seen a more _ (move) movie. 形式 意义 v. -ing (doing)被修饰的名词与分词为_ 关系 being +v. -ed (being done)被修饰的名词与分词为_ 关系且表_ v. -ed (done)被修饰的名词与分词为_ 关系且表_不及物动词的分词形式作定语 形式 v. -ing v. -ed 意义 正在进行 已经完成 举例boiling water _falling leaves_developing countries_boiled water _falled leaves _developed countries _不定式to be done 形式、过去分词和现在分词being done 形式作定语的区别1. Have you read the novel _ (write) by Dickens?2. Listen! The song _ (sing) is very popular with the sutdents.3. The question _ (discuss) at tomorrows meeting is a very important one. 形式 意义不定式 to be done表 _过去分词 done表 _现在分词being done表 _有些动词既可以接动名词也可以接不定式，意义有差异。四记力争不后悔 记：remember, forget, mean, go on力争：try 不后悔：stop, regret1. They stopped to smoke a cigarette. I must stop smoking.2. Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the room. He forgot turning the light off.3. Remember to go to the post office after school. Dont you remember seeing the man before?4. You must try to be more careful. I tried gardening but didnt succeed.5. I regret to do this, but I have no choice. I dont regret telling what I thought.6. I meant to go, but my father didnt allow me to. Doing that means wasting time.7. We had supper and went on to watch TV. He didnt have a rest and went on working.8. She cant help (to) clean the house because she is busy making a cake. Excuse me, I coudnt help overhearing what you said. 几组词语用法比较1. allow/permit/forbid/advise sb. to do sth allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth2. 动词 形式中文意义 例句need/require/wantdoing/ to be done(事情) 需要被做窗户需要擦一下。sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事老师需要我们中的四个人去擦窗户。be worth名词./ doing值得被做这个地方值得参观。be worthyof +名词/ to be done/ of being done值得被做这个地方值得参观。感官动词后接宾语补足语1. 我刚才听见她唱了一首英文歌。2. I heard her _ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.3. I heard an English song _ (sing) by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.4. Id like to see the plan _ (carry out).感官动词宾补的形式宾补的意义see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to , feel, smell 等 do与宾语之间存在逻辑上的_ 关系，表_doing与宾语之间存在逻辑上的_ 关系，表_ done与宾语之间存在逻辑上的_ 关系，表_being done与宾语之间存在逻辑上的_ 关系，表_leave (使。处于某种状态) 后接宾语补足语1. Its wrong of you to leave the machine _ (run). 你让机器一直运转是不对的。2. The guest left most of the dishes _ (untouch), because they didnt taste delicious.3. He left, leaving me _ (do) all the rest work.4. Wr hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems _(settle). 我们匆匆忙忙结束了会议， 留下了很多问题等待解决。 形式 意义leave sb to do sthleave sth to be doneleave sb doing sthleave sth undonehave, get (使、让、叫) 后接宾语补足语1. Ill have/ get my bike _ (repair) tomorrow. 2. Tom had his leg _ (break) while playing football.3. The captain got the soldiers _ (move) towards the front after a short rest.4. I wont have you _ (speak) to your dad like that.5. Mother had me _ / got me _ (go) to the shop and buy some salt. 形式 意义have sb do sthget sb to do sthhave sb/sth doing1. 2. get sb/ sth doinghave sth done1. 2. get sth donemake, find, catch, keep后接宾语补足语动词 形式 意义make make sb do sth使某人做某事 make sb/sth done使某人或某事被做keep keep sb/ sth doing 使某人或某物一直做 keep sb/ sth done使某人或某物被做find find sb doing sth发现某人在做某事 find sb/ sth done发现某人或某物被做 find sb/ sth being done发现某人或某物正在被做catch catch sb doing撞见、发现某人做某事1. 那男孩扮鬼脸逗那婴儿笑。2. 她更大声说话让自己被（别人）听到。3. 对不起让你久等了。 (keep)4. 请让我们知道最近的发展情况。 (inform)5. 几个小时之后，史密斯先生发现自己被困在山洞里。6. 有人撞见那女孩偷了一瓶香水(perfume)。不定式符号to 的保留1. 我没去过香港，但我希望去那里。2. -Are you on holiday? -No, but Id like to be. 3. -I didnt tell him the news. -Oh, you ought to have.独立主格结构 非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致，但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句中作状语，我们称之为独立主格结构。When the test was finished, we began our holiday.= The test finished, we began our holiday.If weat