阶段知能检测（四）.doc

阶段知能检测（四）.语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)Have you ever heard the story of the fourminute mile? For years people believed that it is impossible for a human being to _1_a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proved it _2_in 1954.Within one year,37 runners _3_the belief barrier.And the year after that,300 other runners did the same thing.What happens if you put an animal in a _4_？ Any animal，big or small，will swim its way through.What happens when someone，who does not know how to swim，falls in deep waters? You _5_.If an animal who has not learned swimming could _6_by swimming，why not you? Because you believe you will drown while the animal does not.These _7_show the power of beliefs.There is no other more _8_force in directing human behavior than belief.Our beliefs have the power to _9_and to destroy.In a way it is our beliefs that determine how much well be able to _10_our potential.So pay attention to some of your _11_.Do you believe you are weak in mathematics? Do you believe that other people dislike you？Do you believe life is full of _12_？Belief is not _13_，however.Its nothing but the generalization of a past incident.As a kid，if a dog bit you，you believed all dogs to be _14_.To change certain behavior，identify the beliefs associated with it.Change those beliefs and a new pattern is _15_created.1A.runBwalkCswim Djog【解析】由下文中runners可知四分钟跑过一英里。【答案】A2A.right BwrongCfake Dtrue【解析】许多人认为一分钟跑四英里不可能，但是Roger Banister证明这是错误的。【答案】B3A.broke BbuiltCfaced Dlowered【解析】一年中，37人打破了这个认知屏障。【答案】A4A.cage BdesertCforest Dpond【解析】由下文中swim可知此处指把动物放进池塘。【答案】D5A.drown BswimCfloat Dsink【解析】由下文中you will drown结合句意可知空缺处填drown。【答案】A6A.struggle BescapeCdrown Dleave【解析】不会游泳的动物可以通过游泳逃离危险。【答案】B7A.samples BcasesCsituations Dperiods【解析】case“例子，事例”。【答案】B8A.terrible BreasonableCconsiderable Dpowerful【解析】由上文中the power of beliefs可知没有什么比信仰更有力量。【答案】D9A.damage BprovideCcreate Dwithdraw【解析】creat“创造”。我们的信仰有创造的力量，也有毁灭的力量。【答案】C10A.discover BrealizeCshow Dperform【解析】realize our potential“认识到自身的潜力”。【答案】B11A.problems BbeliefsCpossibilities Dsubjects【解析】由上文内容知信仰的力量是无穷的，所以要注意某些信仰。【答案】B12A.surprises BchoicesCproblems Dpossibilities【解析】上文列举的都是负面的信仰，因此此处为问题(problems)。【答案】C13A.beautiful BchangeableCstrong Dmysterious【解析】mysterious“神秘的”。【答案】D14A.safe BrudeCmerciless Ddangerous【解析】狗咬了之后，认为狗是危险的。【答案】D15A.occasionally BimmediatelyCaccidentally Dautomatically【解析】改变了一些认知，新的认知自然(automatically)会产生。【答案】D第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Stephen Hawking，who is the most famous physicist，was born in Britain on January 8th,1942.As a child，he was enthusiastic about 16._ (design) complicated toys but 17._(fortune)，in his twenties，he suffered 18._a disease that was impossible to be cured，19._ was a great challenge for him.However，not only was he positive about the misfortunes 20._ eventually he defeated all the obstacles but also he was 21._ (absorb) in his research in the universe.In 1988，his bestseller A Brief History of Time was published，22._which he put forward the idea 23._ time itself has a beginning，and that it will have 24._ end.In conclusion，he has made outstanding 25._ (contribute) to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity.【答案】16.designing介词about后应用v.ing形式。17unfortunatelybut表示转折，且此处为副词性质的插入语。18from“受疾病的折磨”应用suffer from。19whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句，指代上句内容。20and此处与上句内容为并列承接关系，所以用and。21absorbedbe absorbed in“专心于”。22inin 指的是“在时间简史这本书中”。23thatThat引导同位语从句，修饰the idea。24an由上文中a beginning知此处用an end。25contributionsmake contributions to“对作出贡献”。.阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)APeople who love animals are often curious about where to see them.Here is some advice.Wild HorsesAssateague Island National Seashore between Maryland and Virginia is home to a population of several hundred wild horses.Its likely that the beautiful creatures come from domestic horses that lived in the area a few hundred years ago，although the local stories tell that the horses ancestors survived a shipwreck(海难)off the Virginia coast.The horses run quickly through the park，so you are more likely to see them on the beach.Polar BearsChurchill，Manitoba，on the shores of Hudson Bay，is often called the “Polar Bear Capital of the World” thanks to the cute white bears that visit in the fall.The best way to see the lovely white animals is in the special cars called “tundra buggies”that take visitors on polar bear tours throughout the area.These polar bear viewing tours run from early October to midNovember.GiraffesWant to stick your neck out and see giraffes in their natural habitat？A great place to do so is Chobe National Park in Botswana.Giraffe families tend to be found in the northeast area of the park，near the Chobe River.Other good giraffe viewing spots include kenyas Nairobi National Park and Tanzanias Arusha National Park.Manatees(海牛)These gentle giants are endangered，but it is possible to see themand even swim with themwhile still respecting their space.One of the best places to see manatees is at the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge，on Floridas Gulf Coast，which aims to protect the manatee and its habitat.Choose a good company when you go to see them to make sure you follow all the laws and regulations.26What is the BEST title for the text?AEndangered Animals in the WorldBWhere to See Some Lovely AnimalsCTips on How to Protect Wild AnimalsDThe Living Habitats of Wild Animals【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了观看四种可爱动物的地点，故文章标题应该选B。【答案】B27The BEST place to see polar bears is_.Aat the Crystal River National Wildlife RefugeBin Chobe National Park in BotswanaCat Assateague Island National SeashoreDon the shores of Hudson Bay【解析】细节理解题。根据对北极熊介绍的第一句“Churchill，Manitoba，on the shores of Hudson Bay，is often called the Polar Bear Capital of the World.”可知观看北极熊最好的地点在加拿大的哈德逊湾的海滨。【答案】D28Which of the following animals may have the smallest population?AManatees. BPolar bears.CGiraffes. DWild horses.【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“These gentle giants are endangered，but it is possible to see them.”可知，海牛濒临灭绝，故可推测在四个选项中它们的数量最少。【答案】A29It can be known from the text that_.Athe wild horses are the ancestors of domestic horsesBthe giraffes often go out in the park aloneCthe best time to see polar bears is in autumnDmanatees are the most difficult animals to raise【解析】推理判断题。根据每三段中的“.thanks to the cute white bears that visit in the fall.”以及“These polar bear viewing tours run from early October to midNovember.”可以推测，观看北极熊的最佳时间是在秋天。【答案】C30The intended readers of the text are_.Atourists BgeographersCenvironmentalists Dofficials【解析】推理判断题。本文说明了观看四种动物的最好的地点，其读者对象应该是旅游者。【答案】ABWe see with our eyes，and sight tells us about the things outside our bodies.Light strikes things，bounces off them，and enters the eyes through the pupils(瞳孔)After that it passes through a lens (水晶体)in each eye.The lenses focus the image of the thing you are looking at，but also turn it upside down！When the upsidedown image reaches the back of the eye，it strikes the retina.The retina contains the optic nerve that sends the image to the brain.Its the brain that decides what you are seeing，and what to do.When you look at the word“CAT”，your eyes send the image to your brain，but its your brain that figures out or remembers the word，and reads it. Are tears important？Yes，they keep your eyes wet，but they also help them stay clean.Every time we blink，we wash the surface of the eye with tears.In this way we wash out dust and other things that get into the eyes.We should not rub them when they feel uncomfortable，though；we should just blink，or clean them out with clean water and cotton.When youve been reading for a long time，try this.Hold your head straight，and look straight out in front of you.The eyes have muscles that move them from side to side and up and down without you moving your head.This is why you need to rest your eyes when they are tired.31Put the following steps in the right order.aLight passes through the lens.bLight strikes the object and bounces off it.cLight travels through the pupils.dThe optic nerve sends the image to the brain.Aa，c，b，d Bb，c，a，dCb，a，c，d Da，b，c，d【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知，物体反射的光线先是通过瞳孔，然后再通过水晶体，水晶体将看到的物体的图像反过来传到眼底，到达视网膜的视神经上，最后传到大脑，所以正确的顺序是B。【答案】B32When the light that bounces off an object goes through the lens，the image of the object becomes_.Alarger BlongerCless clear Dupside down【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“.but also turn it upside down.the upsidedown image.”可知，当照射到物体上的光线经过水晶体时，物体的影像是倒置的。【答案】D33Which of the following are correct ways to clean the eyes?Blinking them.Rubbing them with ones hands.Moving them up and down.Cleaning them with clean water and cotton.A BC D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，当眼睛里有灰尘或异物时，我们可以通过眨眼睛，用眼泪将其冲出，也可以用净水和棉球将其清理出，所以C正确。【答案】C34Which of the following can be a connection between the retina and the brain?AThe lens. BThe light.CThe pupil. DThe optic nerve.【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“The retina contains the optic nerve that sends the image to the brain.”可知：视网膜中包含视神经，正是视神经把所看到的东西的信息传递给大脑，因此可以被比作连接的桥梁，因此答案为D。【答案】D35If there arent any tears in your eyes，your eyes will_.Abecome dry and dirtyBbecome brighter and wetterCnever blinkDsee things far away easily【解析】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段可知：眼泪能够使眼睛保持湿润，并且能够清洁眼中的脏东西，由此可推知，如果没有眼泪，眼睛会变得干涩和不洁净，因此选A。【答案】ACScientists believed that babies were able to recognise certain sounds from birth，such as their parents voices，but they believed that babies were only able to imitate them from the age of about 12 weeks.Now research suggests that babies develop ability for language much earlier than people thought before.“Our study shows the importance of crying for language development，”said Professor Kathleen Wermke，who led the research in Germany.The study recorded and analysed the cries of 60 healthy babies,30 born into Frenchspeaking families and 30 from Germanspeaking families.The recordings were made when babies were 3 to 5 days old.Analvsis showed clear differences in the babies cry melodies，which appeared to imitate their mother tongue.French newborns tended to cry with a rising melody，while German babies preferred a falling melody.While the average volume of crying was the same，the French babies started more quietly and built up to an increasing melody，while the German babies did the opposite.These patterns are similar to typical differences between the two languages，according to the researchers.However，other experts doubted the findings.Professor John Wells，a language expert at University College London，says，“Both German and French use rises and falls，as English does.Its easy to compare sounds and word order，but this just sounds too unclear.”However，Professor Wermke said that the research supported the idea that unborn babies could be comforted by music or a parents voice.But she added，“I_wouldnt_go_as_far_as_to_say_that_it_would_be_harmful_if_you_were_too_busy_to_play_them_Mozart_CDs，though.” 36What did Kathleen Wermkes research find?ACrying is important to babies language development.BBabies cry melodies show clear differences in cultures.CBabies can recognise some sounds from birth.DBabies develop language earlier now than in the past.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，该研究的结论是A。【答案】A37The melodies of the French babies and the German babies can be described like_.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“.the French babies started more quietly and built up to an increasing melody，while the German babies did the opposite.”可知，法国婴儿一开始的时候哭声很小，音调逐渐升高，而德国婴儿则相反，所以答案是B。【答案】B38What Professor John Wells said meant_.Athe findings of the research in Germany were wrongBGerman and French have different sounds from EnglishCrising and falling melodies are not used in EnglishDFrench babies and German babies cry with the same melody【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段John Wells所说的话可知，他并不认同在德国的研究结果，而是反驳说“德国和法国的语言中都有升降语调”，所以答案是A。【答案】A39Which of the following is NOT true according to the research?AThe language of French is always spoken with a rising melody.BThe language of German is always spoken with a falling melody.CBabies about 12 weeks old cant imitate their mothers voices.DThe crying volume of French and German babies is almost the same.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中对前人研究的描述可知12周的婴儿就已经能模仿父母的声音了，所以C项说法不正确，本题选C。【答案】C40What can we infer from the underlined sentence?AParents should spare time to play music for their babies.BIt is helpful to play Mozarts music for babies.CIt doesnt matter that parents dont play music for their babies.DBabies can be comforted by music，especially Mozarts music.【解析】推理判断题。根据前文“But she added”可推测划线部分与前文为转折关系，意为“我不认为因为父母比较忙而不能给孩子放莫扎特的音乐，这样对孩子就是有害的”，所以C说法正确。【答案】CDTropical plants and animals may face greater threats from global warming than those in polar areas，says a team of researchers led by Robert KColwell of the University of Connecticut.Colwell says，“Species in the tropics already face the highest temperatures they can bear on Earth.A warmer climate could lead to their decline.”Researchers guess that an increase of 5.8 degrees Fahrenheit over 100 years would cause 53 percent of lowland tropical species to die out.The rising temperatures would make them move to cooler climates.The researchers say that temperature drops nearly 9.4 degrees Fahrenheit for every 3,280 feet of height.A similar temperature drop from north or south would mean traveling nearly 620 miles.Species living on mountain tops will be left with nowhere to go.Some experts think the study shows the risks tropical species face，but the numbers theyve found are likely to be doubtful because of the lack of knowledge of how sensitive species are to climate change.According to Craig Moritz of the University of California，the ranges of some animals living at higher altitudes have become smaller and smaller，while lowaltitude animals have expanded their reaches.Earlier this year，Jonathan Lenoir and his team of researchers studied 171 forest species in Western Europe and showed that many are moving higher.It was the first time that research had shown the“fingerprints of climate change”in the distribution of plants by altitude.41What does the underlined word“decline”in Paragraph 2 mean?ASpread. BChange.CIllness. DDecrease.【解析】词义猜测题。从划线部分的后面“.53 percent of lowland tropical species to die out”可知变暖的天气会导致很多热带物种灭绝，所以decline的意思和decrease(减少)的相近。【答案】D42What can we learn from Paragraph 4?AColwell drew many pictures as part of his research.BExperts think the figures the study provides are exact.CLittle is known about species sensitivity to climate change.DThe researchers havent considered the dangers tropical species may face.【解析】细节理解题。从第四段“.but the numbers theyve found are likely to be doubtful because of the lack of knowledge of how sensitive species are to climate change.”可知人类对物种对气候变化的敏感性还知之甚少，故C项正确。【答案】C43Which of the following is TRUE about the research done in Western Europe?AIt focused on the tropical species of Western Europe.BRobert KColwell played a great part in the research.CPeoples fingerprints had something to do with the climate change.DIts findings provide evidence for the research led by Robert KColwell.【解析】推理判断题。从最后一段可知，在欧洲的西部做的调查发现有一些森林物种正在往高海拔地方迁移。从前三段也可知，由Robert KColwell带领的课题组发现气温的升高会使很多热带物种往高海拔或高纬度地区迁移。两项研究结果相互印证。故选D。【答案】D44Because of the rising temperatures，_.Asome species have traveled almost 620 miles from south to northBmany species will have to move to places with cooler climatesCspecies living on mountain tops will have to move down the mountainsDthe living spaces of animals have become larger【解析】细节理解题。从第三段“.temperature drops nearly 9.4 degrees Fahrenheit for every 3,280 feet of height.A similar temperature drop from north or south would mean traveling nearly 620 miles.”可知海拔和纬度的升高都能带来温度的下降，很多物种会往这些地方迁移，使得山顶的物种无处可去。故选B。【答案】B45Which of the following would be the BEST title for the text?AGlobal Warming Threatens Tropical SpeciesBGlobal Warming Changes SpeciesCAltitude and Distribution of SpeciesDFingerprints of Climate Change【解析】主旨大意题。全文主要讲了全球变暖会危及到热带的物种。故选A。【答案】A。第二节信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先请阅读下列英语读物的封面及基本信息： ANational Geographic Complete Birds of the WorldLIMITEDTIME OFFER: Order today and save D|S5.00!Was：D|S35.00Now：D|S30.00Hardcover384 pages; 900 color photographs and illustrationsBVisions of ParadiseNational Geographic photographers reveal unique wonders of nature.D|S35.00Hardcover304 pages; 250 photographsCNational Geographic Adventure MagazineJoin the adventure with National Geographic Adventure Magazine.Please allow 46 weeks for the delivery of the first issue within the US.and Canada.For outside of the US.and Canada，please allow 812 weeks for the delivery of the first issue.D|S12.00DCesars Way：The Natural，Everyday Guide to Understanding and Correcting Common Dog ProblemsAmericas most soughtafter expert reveals what dogs truly need to live a happy and fulfilled life.Was：D|S24.95Now：D|S14.95Hardcover243pagesENational Geographic Ultimate Field Guide Photography,2nd EditionSoftcover400 pages; 272 color and blackandwhite photographsThoroughly updated for 2009，straightforward and entertaining，this is the