初高中衔接-----------音标教学.doc

初高中衔接-音标教学一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词a在开音节中einame plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i:he these me Chinese在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg i在开音节中aibike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swimo在开音节中uthose close go hoe home no在闭音节中clock not box shop socku在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词aChina another woman breakfastiorange comrade village cabbageehundred student open momentichicken pocket begin childreni/iholiday beautiful family animalaiexercise satelliteosecond tonight somebody welcomeualso zero photouautumn difficultju(:)popular congratulation January动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词a在w音后面want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light higho在-st -ld前oumost postcard old coldo在m n v th前come monkey love mother四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词ar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpeneror:warm quarter towardsor在w音后面:forty morning short:word worker worseer ir ur:certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry -r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arecare dare hare5-01ereihere mere5-02ireaifire hire wire 5-03ore:more score before5-04urejupure cure5-05完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发r音，例如：salary重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音。例如：parent zero inspiring story during某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词ai/ayeiafraid rain wait day playairair hair chair pair repairalal在f m前:small ball talk wall all:l always also salt almost:half calmau/aw:autumn daughter draweai:teach easy cheap pleaseeheavy bread sweater weathereibreak greatearihear dear near clear yearbear pear wear swear:earth learn earlyeei:jeep week green threeeeripioneer deer beerei/eyeieight neighbour theyeu/ew在 j l r 后ju:new few newspaperu:flew brew jewelryie/s音后拼写为eii:piece field receive seizeoaoucoat Joan boat goaloar/oor:roar board door flooroi/oyinoise point boy toiletoou:broom food tooth schoolubook look cook foot goodou/owauflower house count downuknow row throw thoughyoung country enoughu:group you soup throughour:course your fourauour hour ours:journeyuiui 在j l r s后ju:ifluid suicide tuitionu:juice fruit suit七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词ai/ay ei/eyiSunday foreign monkeyowouyellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读音或i音。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tionnimpression nation-sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion-tion在s后nquestion suggestion-stensnlisten christen-stleslwhistle jostle castle-surepressure-sure在元音字母后pleasure measure-turepicture culture八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everydayei handbagblackboard:有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天holy神圣 + dayei日子 holidayi 假日break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfast 早餐cup茶杯 + board木板: cupboard 碗柜 main主要部分 + land陆地 mainland 大陆九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词bbbike bus bag/bomb tomb lamb climbckcake picture coat musicc在e前或在i/y前sface decide cinemachmuch chick rich teacherkschool headache chemistrymachine Chicago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day -dgebridge fridgedr-drchildren driver drinkfffive four breakfastg bag gardon go g在e i/y前orange large German -ghfcough enough roughgh-sorghum spaghetti ghostgu- -gueguess league dialogue guitarwlanguage anguish penguinhhhot head house hand/hour honest honorjjeep jar joke join Julykkkind bike skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife milk school tallmmmonkey come tomato-mnmautumn column solemnnnnot shine ten note n在k g音前uncle thank hungry-ngmorning young wrongpppaper plane pig ship penphfelephant photo telephone-q/-quekIraq cheque qu-kwquality quite quarter rrred rubber rulers在音节开头或清辅音前ssit sleep desk在元音字母间或浊辅音前zmusic husbandsc-skscarlet scout Scotlandsmuscle scienceshshe fish shirt washt在通常情况下tten letter meet在弱读字母ia ie io前patient nationtchwatch catch matchth在通常情况下thin thirty method在冠词 代词 介词 连词中the these with than在词尾-the -ther中clothe father weathertr-trtree train country truckvvvery voice love leavewwweek win wake sweet wait/answer twowh-wwhat when white whywh-在字母o前hwho whose wholexksbox text exercise在重读元音前gzexample exist exactwr-rwrite wrong wrist y-jyes yard yellow youngzzpuzzle zero zoodsdzbeds tststests There was an old ladyThere was an old lady who swallowed a fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die. There was an old lady who swallowed a spider. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die. There was an old lady who swallowed a bird. Now, how absurd! To swallow a bird! She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die There was an old lady who swallowed a cat. Imagine that! She swallowed a cat! She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. Swallowed the bird to catch the spider. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die There was an old lady who swallowed a dog. My, what a hog! To swallowed a dog! She swallowed the dog to catch the cat. She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. Swallowed the bird to catch the spider. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die There was an old lady who swallowed a goat. Just opened her throat, and swallowed a goat She swallowed the goat to catch the dog. She swallowed the dog to catch the cat. She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. Swallowed the bird to catch the spider. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die There was an old lady who swallowed a cow. I dont know how, but she swallowed a cow! She swallowed the cow to catch the goat She swallowed the goat to catch the dog. She swallowed the dog to catch the cat. She swallowed the cat to catch the bird. Swallowed the bird to catch the spider. That wiggled and wriggled and jiggled inside her. She swallowed the spider to catch the fly. I dont know why she swallowed a fly. Perhaps shell die There was an old lady who swallowed a horse. She is dead, of course.十、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。2音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相