小鼠胚胎干细胞定向分化为神经细胞的研究进展.doc

embryonic stem cell , ES cell ; ; Progress in directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into neural cells Abstract Mouse embryonic stem cells can give rise to ectodermal derivatives in culture and can be further induced into neurons and glia for cell-replacement therapies in the central nervous system and for use in drug discovery. The methods of directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into neural cells include neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells via embryoid bodies, stromal cell induced neural differentiation, default model mediated neural differentiation, adherent monoculture induced neural differentiation, genetic engineering mediated neural differentiation and so on. Here we review these methodologies.Key words embryonic stem cell; neural cell; differentiation 1981EvansKaufman1inner cell mass , ICMESleukemia inhibitory factor , LIF2ESES31 embryoid bodies, EBs ES1.1 4-/4+4 ESLIF4EBretinoic acid, RA4gelatin5laminin466neurofilament light chain25MAP2MAP57RARARARRXRRARARE8Wiles RAfollistatinbone morphogenetic protein, BMPES9!-empirenews.page- EB, 1.2 10 (1)(2)ESEB(3)nestin(4)(5)RAEBEBEBnestin1112 4-/4+EBES-GABA5-SHH(sonic hedgehog)FGF-8fibroblast growth factor-813Lee10EB5-5-HT 2002Wichterle14RAHh-Ag1.3,SHHEB2005Tsuchiya15bFGFbasic fibroblast growth factorN2fetal bovine serum, FBSGM-CSFRPMI-164089.0%2 stromal cell-derived inducing activity , SDIA162000KawasakiES16ESPA-692%nerve cell adhesion molecule, NCAMtyrosine hydroxylase, TH2005Yamozoe17PA-6neural inducing factors, NIFESES33%NIFESPA-6BMP-4BMP-4ESPA-6SDIA2005Roybon18PA-6!-empirenews.page-2003Barberi19ESMS5S17-ES5-123 -6-OHDA8amphetamineD1D2apomorphine3 default model2001Tropepe20ES70.2%neurosphereWiles9BMPTGFBMPs/SmadMash1Math1Ngn1/2NeuroD21BMP4ES22 nogginfollistatinchordinCerberusBMPsESES4 2002Pachernk23EBRAESinsulintransferrinseleniumDMEM/F12MAP-22003Ying240.51.5104/cm2ES0.1%N2B27460%N2B27GABAFGF8SHHEB!-empirenews.page-5 2002Chung25Nurr1nur1ESESNurr1THL-aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, AADC2vesicular monoamine transporter 2, VMAT226d