动态路由多点双向重分布.doc

动态路由多点双向重分布实验拓扑:RIPv2OSPFR1R2R4R3R5E0E0S1S1S1S0S0S0S0S0LOOP 0LOOP 0LOOP 0LOOP 0实验配置:实验拓扑如上图, 两个路由选择域, 在R2, R3上做路由的双向重分布, 使每个区域的路由器都可以达到共识.实验目的:解决在多点重分布时出现路径的不优问题. R2配置:!router ospf 1 router-id log-adjacency-changes redistribute rip metric 10000 metric-type 1 subnets network 55 area 0!router rip version 2 redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 network network no auto-summary!ip classlessno ip http server!R3配置:!router ospf 1 router-id log-adjacency-changes redistribute rip metric 10000 metric-type 1 subnets network 55 area 0!router rip version 2 redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 network network no auto-summary!ip classlessno ip http server!R2 先双向重分布, 然后R3再双向重分布. R3路由表:O /24 110/128 via , 00:03:19, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:03:19, Serial1C /24 is directly connected, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10128 via , 00:03:19, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0O E1 /24 110/10128 via , 00:03:19, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10128 via , 00:03:20, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10128 via , 00:03:20, Serial1O E1 /24 110/10128 via , 00:03:22, Serial1C /24 is directly connected, Serial0*红色路由不优, 红色条目为以下RIPv2的路由, 直接通过RIP就可以到达, 现在反而通过OSPF学到从RIP重分布进来的这些条目.R2路由表:C /24 is directly connected, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:00:04, Serial0O /24 110/128 via , 00:00:04, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10128 via , 00:00:04, Serial0R /24 120/1 via , 00:00:04, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/1 via , 00:00:05, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/2 via , 00:00:05, Serial1C /24 is directly connected, Serial1O E1 /24 110/10128 via , 00:00:06, Serial0*不优条目R1路由表:C /24 is directly connected, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:03, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:03, Serial1O E1 /24 110/10064 via , 00:00:03, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:03, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:04, Serial0O E1 /24 110/10064 via , 00:00:04, Serial0O E1 /24 110/10064 via , 00:00:14, Serial1*R1对于下边RIPv2的路由路径没有达到负载均衡的效果实验结论:R2先双向重分布, 把R2通过RIP学到的路由信息带进OSPF域中, R1学到R2重分布进来的RIP路由信息(OE1), 当R1把OE1路由传给R3时, 此时R3本身也已有该些路由条目(R3通过RIP学到的路由信息), R3从R1收到(OE1)与自身(RIP)相同路由条目的更新信息时, 因为通过OSPF学到的路由管理距离比RIP低, 故采用OE1路由, 所以导致RIPv2网段的路由绕OSPF走, 出现路径不优的结果.解决办法:R2配置:!router ospf 1 router-id log-adjacency-changes redistribute rip metric 10000 metric-type 1 subnets network 55 area 0 distance 125 55 1(1是调用下边的访问控制列表1)!router rip version 2 redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 network network no auto-summary!ip classlessno ip http server!access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55!R3配置:!router ospf 1 router-id log-adjacency-changes redistribute rip metric 10000 metric-type 1 subnets network 55 area 0 distance 130 55 1!router rip version 2 redistribute ospf 1 metric 5 network network no auto-summary!ip classlessno ip http server!access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55access-list 1 permit 55!对重分布进OSPF的路由条目更改其管理距离调整后的R3路由表:O /24 110/128 via , 00:05:05, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:05:05, Serial1C /24 is directly connected, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/3 via , 00:00:11, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0R /24 120/1 via , 00:00:11, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/2 via , 00:00:12, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/1 via , 00:00:12, Serial0R /24 120/2 via , 00:00:13, Serial0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0调整后的R2路由表:C /24 is directly connected, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:08:07, Serial0O /24 110/128 via , 00:08:07, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/3 via , 00:00:11, Serial1R /24 120/1 via , 00:00:11, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/1 via , 00:00:12, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsR 120/2 via , 00:00:12, Serial1C /24 is directly connected, Serial1R /24 120/2 via , 00:00:13, Serial1*R2. R3的路由条目都正常了, 各自使用本路由选择区域的IGP路由进行通讯调整后的R1路由表:C /24 is directly connected, Serial0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:00, Serial0 110/10064 via , 00:00:00, Serial1 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E1 110/10064 via , 00:00:00, Serial0 110/10064 via , 00:00:02, Serial1O E1 /24 110/10064 via , 00:00:02, Serial0 110/1