《无形资产英》PPT课件.ppt

2 Lecture3 Intangibleassets 3 COMMONWEALTHOFAUSTRALIACOPYRIGHTREGULATIONS1969WARNINGThismaterialhasbeencopiedandcommunicatedtoyoubyoronbehalfofCurtinUniversityofTechnologypursuanttoPartVAoftheCopyrightAct1968 theAct ThematerialinthiscommunicationmaybesubjecttocopyrightundertheAct AnyfurthercopyingorcommunicationofthismaterialbyyoumaybethesubjectofcopyrightprotectionundertheAct Donotremovethisnotice 4 Objectives Understandthekeycharacteristicsofintangibleassets Examinetheinitialrecognitionandmeasurementcriteriaofintangibleassets Accountingforintangiblessubsequenttoinitialrecognition Amortisationofintangibles 5 Definitionofintangibleasset Whatareintangibleassets Anintangibleassetisanidentifiablenon monetaryassetwithoutphysicalsubstance AASB38 Para8 Examplesinclude Patents governmentgranttoproduce sellinvention 20years Copyrights righttoreproducerecognisedevelopmentinlimitedcases 6 ApplicationofIAS38 AASB38 orIAS138 appliestointangibleassetsexcept Intangibleassetsthatareinthescopeofanotheraccountingstandard Financialassets Explorationandevaluationassets andExpenditureonthedevelopmentandextractionofresources 7 Thenatureofintangibleassets Whatismeantby identifiability Paras11 12Anassetmeetstheidentifiabilitycriterionwhenit Isseparablei e iscapableofbeingdividedfromtheentityandsold transferred licensed rentedorexchanged eitherindividuallyortogetherwitharelatedcontract identifiableassetorliability orArisesfromcontractualorotherlegalrights regardlessofwhetherthoserightsaretransferrableorseparablefromtheentityorfromotherrightsandobligations 8 Thenatureofintangibleassets Identifiabilitydistinguishesintangibleassetsfromgoodwill Thecriterionofseparabilitytestswhetheranentitycandivideanassetfromotherassetsanddealwithitasanindividualasset Inmostcases separableassetsarecapableofbeingexchangedbyanentitybecausetheentityhasacontractualorlegalrighttomaketheexchange However somecontractuallegalrightsarenotreadilyseparablefromtheentity e g somelicencesarenotseparablefromanentity 9 Thenatureofintangibleassets Whyconsiderintangibleassetsinaseparatestandard Intangibleassets Lackphysicalsubstance Assetcanbeusedatthesametimeformultiplepurposese g customerlist Manyintangiblesarenotsubjecttothediminishingreturnscharacteristicofphysicalassets e g softwareprogramforstudentenrolments Intangiblesmayhavenetworkeffects thevalueincreasesasuseincreasese g telephonenetwork 10 Thenatureofintangibleassets Intangiblesmaybemoredifficulttomanageandoperatethantangibleassets Propertyrightsarehardertodetermine Therelationshipbetweentheinvestmentandultimatebenefitsishardtotrack Thereisahighdegreeofuncertaintyregardingthefuturebenefitsofintangibleassets Aredifficulttotrade Theremaybenoactivemarketforthem e g brandnames Thesecharacteristicsmaycausedifficultieswithmeasurement recognitionandclassification 11 Importanceofintangibles Whyhaveintangibleassetsbecomeimportant Lev 2001 suggested Intensifiedcompetitioninducedbyglobalisation deregulationtheremaining 5representintangibleassets 12 Importanceofintangibles 13 Recognitionofintangibleassets Whenshouldintangibleassetsberecognised Para18 21 Therecognitionofanintangibleassetrequiresanentitytodemonstratethattheitemmeets Definitionofanintangibleasset Para8 17 andRecognitioncriteria Para21 23 14 Recognitionofintangibleassets Anintangibleassetshallberecognisedif andonlyif a itisprobablethattheexpectedfutureeconomicbenefitsattributedtotheassetwillflowtotheentity and b thecostoftheassetcanbemeasuredreliably thecostoftheassetcannotbereliablymeasured anintangibleassetcannotberecognisedbecauseAASB38requiresinitialmeasurementatcost Para24 15 Measurementofintangibles InitialMeasurement Howshouldintangibleassetsbemeasuredatinitialrecognition Para24 Anintangibleassetshallbemeasuredinitiallyatitscost Separateacquisition Para25 26 27Theprobabilityrecognitioncriterionisalwaysconsideredtobesatisfiedforseparatelyacquiredintangibleassets Para25 Thepricepaidfortheassetautomaticallytakesintoaccounttheprobabilityofexpectedbenefitstobereceived 16 Measurementofintangibles Thecostofaseparatelyacquiredintangibleassetcomprises Itspurchaseprice andAnydirectlyattributablecostofpreparingtheassetforitsintendeduseExamplesofdirectlyattributablecostsinclude CostsofemployeebenefitsProfessionalfeesCostsoftestingExamplesofexpenditurethatarenotpartofcostofintangibleassetinclude CostsofintroducinganewproductorserviceCostsofconductingbusinessinanewlocationAdministrationandoverheadcosts 17 Businesscombinations ii Acquisitionaspartofabusinesscombination Howshouldintangibleassetsbemeasuredatinitialrecognition Para33 35 InaccordancewithIFRS3BusinessCombinations whereanintangibleassetisacquiredaspartofabusinesscombination thecostofthatassetisitsfairvalue Theprobabilityrecognitioncriterionisalwaysconsideredtobesatisfiedforintangibleassetsacquiredinbusinesscombinations Para33 Thereliabilityrecognitioncriterionisnormallymetforintangibleassetsassufficientinformationexiststomeasurereliablythefairvalueoftheasset Para35 18 Measurementoffairvalue Howisfairvaluemeasured Para39 40 411 Quotedmarketpricesinanactivemarket Anactivemarkethasallthefollowing Para8 Itemstradedwithinthemarketarehomogeneous Willingbuyers sellersarenormallyfoundatanytime Pricesareavailabletothepublic Activemarketsarerareforintangibleassets 2 Recenttransactionswherenoactivemarketexists 3 ValuationtechniquessuchasNPVandknownratessuchasroyaltyrates 19 Internallygeneratedgoodwill Whendointernallygeneratedassetsqualifyforrecognition Internallygeneratedgoodwillshallnotberecognisedasanasset Para49 Thereasonisthatinternallygeneratedgoodwillisnotidentifiablei e notseparable doesnotarisefromlegal contractualrightsanditscostcannotbereliablydetermined UnderAASB138 recognitionrequiresthatidentifiableintangibleassetsaswellasgoodwillmustinitiallybemeasuredatcost notfairvalue GoodwillcanberecognisedonlywhenitisacquiredaspartofabusinesscombinationandmeasuredinaccordancewithIFRS3BusinessCombinations 20 Recognition measurementofinternallygeneratedintangibles DifficulttoknowwhetherinternallygeneratedIntangibles IGIs qualifyforrecognition Isthereanidentifiableasset Determiningthecostoftheassetreliably TodetermineifIGIsmeettherecognitioncriteria generationofassetsareclassifiedinto Researchphase andDevelopmentphaseThereasonforthisisthatrecognitionofIGIsdependsonthepointoftimewhencostsaretobecapitalised 21 Recognition measurementofinternallygeneratedintangibles Researchisoriginalandplannedinvestigationundertakenwiththepurposeofgainingnewscientificortechnicalknowledgeandunderstanding Para8 Developmentistheapplicationofnewresearchfindingsorotherknowledgetoaplanordesignfortheproductionofneworsubstantiallyimprovedmaterials devices processes systemsorservicesbeforethestartofcommercialproductionoruse Para8 Researchphase nointangibleassetfromresearchisrecognised Researchexpenditureisexpensed 22 Recognition measurementofinternallygeneratedintangibles Developmentphase Anintangibleassetisrecognisediftheentitycandemonstratealloftheseconditions Para57 Technicalfeasibilityofcompletingtheintangibleassetosthatitwillbeavailableforuseorsale Itsintentiontocompletetheintangibleassetanduse sellit Itsabilitytouse selltheintangibleasset Howtheintangibleassetwillgenerateprobablefutureeconomicbenefits Availabilityoftechnical financialresourcestocompletedevelopmentandtouse selltheintangibleasset Abilitytomeasurereliablytheexpenditureattributabletointangibleassetduringdevelopment 23 Non recognitionofinternallygeneratedintangibles IGIscannotberecognisedinitiallyatfairvalueeveniffairvaluecanbereliablymeasured ActivemarketsareunlikelytoexistforIGIs However forintangibleassetsrecognisedinbusinesscombination itisassumedthatfairvaluecanbemeasuredwithouttheexistenceofactivemarkets Internallygeneratedbrands mastheads publishingtitles customerlistsarenotrecognisedasintangibleassets Para63 Suchassetscanberecognisedwhenacquiredinabusinesscombination Thereasonisthattheseitemscannotbedistinguishedfromthecostofdevelopingthebusinessasawhole Para64 24 Measurementsubsequenttoinitialrecognition Howareintangibleassetsmeasuredafterinitialrecognition Para72 75 81 82Afterinitialrecognitionatcost anentitymustchooseforeachclassofintangibleassetswhethertomeasuretheassetsusingthecostmodelortherevaluationmodel CostModel Anintangibleassetshallbecarriedatitscostlessaccumulatedamortisationandanyaccumulatedimpairmentlosses RevaluationModel Anintangibleassetshallbecarriedatitsrevaluedamount beingitsfairvalueatthedateofrevaluationlesssubsequentamortisationandanyaccumulatedimpairmentlosses 25 Measurementsubsequenttoinitialrecognition Ifintangibleassets e g brands newspapermastheads patents trademarks cannotberevaluedbecausethereisnoactivemarketfortheasset theassetshallbecarriedatitscostlessanyaccumulatedamortisationandimpairmentlosses Para78 Revaluationofintangibleassets Increase CRRevaluationreserveexceptforareversalofarevaluationdecreaseinwhichcaseCRRevaluationrevenueDecrease DRRevaluationexpenseexceptforareversalofarevaluationincreaseinwhichcaseDRrevaluationreserve 26 Amortisationofintangibleassets Howareintangibleassetsamortised Amortisationisthesystematicallocationofthedepreciableamountofanintangibleassetoveritsusefullife Forintangibleassetswithfiniteusefullives amortisationmethodscanincludestraightline reducingbalance unitsofproductionmethods Anintangibleassetwithanindefiniteusefullifeshallnotbeamortised Theseassetsaretestedforimpairmentonanannualbasis Inorderforanintangibleasset e g trademark tohaveanindefinitelife anentityisrequiredtooutlayfundsonanannualbasistomaintaintrademark 27 Amortisationofintangibleassets Usefullifeofanintangibleassetcanb