北师大版高中英语BOOK4 UNIT12生词词组.docx

BOOK4 UNIT121. owe v. 欠债，应给予 归功于词组： owe sb.=owe.to sb.欠某人. owe to 归功于，应感谢 owing adj. 应付的，欠着的 owing to 由于，因为（用作介词）例题： I _ his family a debt of gratitude, so Ill do my best to help them whenever they are in trouble. A offer B lend C owe D give_2. apology n. 道歉， 认错 apologize v. 道歉，谢罪词组： make an apology to sb. for(doing) sth. 因在（做了）某事向某人道歉 in apology for 为.辩护 offer sb. an apology/offer an apology to sb. 向某人道歉例题： I should _ an apology to him because I took his umbrella by mistake.A take B demand C make D accept_3. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事词组： be busy with/at/over/about sth. 忙于某事 as busy as a bee 极忙碌 get busy 开始工作，干起来相似词组： have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 spend time(in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事例题： Joan did not go to the concert last night, because she was busy _(prepare) for her examination. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _(walk) home in the snowstorm._4. absorb vt. 理解，掌握，吸收，使专心词组： be absorbed in 全神贯注 be absorbed by 被.吞并，为.所吸引 absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 absorb ones time 专用某人的时间拓展词汇： absorbable adj. 可吸收的，易被吸收的 absorbalility n. 吸收 absorber n. 吸收器 absorbing adj. 引人入胜的，十分吸引人的关于“全身关注于.”的词汇 be absorbed in be lost in be deep in be buried in 例题： when I opened the door, I found my mother sitting in the chair, completely _(absorb) a book._5. experience n. 经验，经历， 体验感受词组： by/through/from experience 凭经验，从经验中 have experience in 在.方面有经验 gain experience in 在.方面获得经验 experience difficulties/hardship 经历困难、艰苦_6. afford vt. 买得起，负担的起 常与can, could, be able to连用， 后接动名词，代词或不定式 (2)能提供，能给予I cant afford an hour for lunch. 我抽不出一个小时来吃午饭。7. brief adj. 短暂的，简短的 n.摘要，概要词组： in brief 简而言之 to be brief 简单地说，一句话 have a brief word 说句话 make brief of 使简短例题： At the meeting Mr. Brown made a _ speech, short but to the point. A brief B simple C easy D dull_8. expectation n.期待的事务，预期 词组： expect sb. to do. 期待某人做. expect sb. +adv.期待、预料某人. expect so/not 料想会/不会 as/than expected 正如预料的那样 have expectation of 对.抱有希望 beyond expectations 出乎预料之外 come up to ones expectations 符合.的期望_9. a bit 一点 词组：a bit of salt ( a little salt) 一点盐 a bit tired ( a little tired) 有点累 not a bit ( not at all)y一点也不 a bit of good news 一个好消息 a bit too late 相当/太晚了 a bit of+不可数名词或可数名词单数 有点儿例句： Would you mind my closing the door? _A Not a bit B Yes, not a little C Yes, help yourself D Never mind_10. avoid vt. 避开，躲避，防止某事发生，预防 avoid doing sth. I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me. 我尽量避免遇到他，因为他总是使我厌烦 try to avoid accidents 尽量避免发生事故_11. get/be used to 习惯于，适应词组辨析：get/be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于做某事，to为介词 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，指过去习惯性的动作 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 被动态例句：He used to _(play) games on the Internet after supper, but now he is used to _(take) a walk._12. risk 风险，冒险 vt. 冒.的风险 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 face/run/take the risk of 冒.的危险 reduce the risk of 减少.的危险 at any risk 无论如何 at ones own risk 由自己负责，自担风险 at risk=in danger 处于危险中 at the risk of 冒.的危险 risk ones life 冒生命危险例题：He got well-prepared for the job interview because he couldnt risk _(lose) the good opportunity._13. get confused 弄糊涂 get 为连系动词，后面的过去分词作表语 I get confused by what he had done.相似的词组： get burnt get robbed get paid get punished get lost get drunk get hurt get killed get married get excited get angry get wet get dirty其他关于get 的用法：get sb. to do sth. =have sb. to do sth.让某人做某事，说服某人做某事例题： As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A lost B spared C separated D missed_14. Majority n. 大半，大多数“the majority of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；如果the majority单独作主语，谓语动词用单复数都行。The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.The majority was/were in favour of the plan.(2) be in (the) majority 拥有多数的The people who want to stay are in the majority.例题： The majority of people _ like watching football games.A seem B seems C seem to D seems to_15. manage vt/vi 做成，管理（1） manage 意思为“设法做成某事”，后接动词不定式 manage to do sth.（2） manage without 在没有.下应付过去I shall be able to manage without help. 我一个人能行。例题： He never studies anything, I wonder how he _ to pass the examination. A managed B tried C succeeded D able_16. offer n./v. 提供，侧重于“主动提供”的意思，对方也可以拒绝。词组： on offer （销价）出售的 under offer 已有人出价要买 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.=provide/supply sb. with sth. =provide/supply sth. for/to sb. 提供某人某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer sth. 提供某物、某事 offer sb. money for sth.给某人多少钱买某物 offer sth. For some money 出价卖某物 accept ones offer 接受某人的建议例题： A new house with some furniture of high quality_ to the young couple as a gift A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered_17. exchange n./vt.交换，互换，兑换词组： exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 exchange sth. for sth.把某物兑换成某物 exchange ideas/information 交换想法/信息 in exchange 作为交换 in exchange for 用来交换 heated exchange 激烈的争吵 例题： They have offered to work with no pay_ a weeks accommodation. A in exchange for B with regard to C by means of D in place of _18. wander vi. 漫游，闲逛，徘徊He kept wandering up and down the street. 他在街上不停地来回闲逛。 wonder vt./vi 想知道 n. 奇观，奇迹He was wandering around the pyramid, wondering how on earth this wonder was built.他在金字塔四周徘徊，想知道这座奇观酒精是怎样建成的。_19. book n./v.书，预订，签约词组： book in 预订旅馆房间，办理登记手续 book up 预订（车、船、飞机票等） take a leaf out of someones book 学某人的样子 by the book 严格遵守规则例题：Im sorry the tickets for the play are sold out-all the seats have been _. A ordered B placed C marked D booked_20. 后接动名词或者不定式的动词（1） 只接动名词的动词或词组admit 承认 advise allow appreciate avoid consider delay dislike enjoy escape excuse finish keep forbid forgive imagine miss practise permit risk resist suggest fancy deny be worth be used to be fond of cant help cant stand/bear give up put off pay attention to devote oneself to set about 开始，着手 succeed in depend on lead to (2) 只接不定式的动词或词组ask/demand/ beg 要求请求 decide/determine hope/wish/expect/want/long 希望，想要 choose plan agree refuse promise fail manage arrange offer afford attempt help would like/love need (3) 跟不定式和动名词I意义不同的动词remember to do 记住要去做某事 remember doing 记得曾做过某事forget to do 忘记要去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事regret to do 遗憾地(未做） regret doing 后悔做了某事stop to do 停下来做另一件事 stop doing 停止做某事try to do 尽力去做某事 try doing 尝试去做某事mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事_21. manners n. 礼貌 作”方式，方法“只有单数，不用复数形式词组： good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 have no manners 没有礼貌 have no manner of right 毫无权利 in a manner 以.方式/方法 all manner of 各种各样的，形形色色的例题： He has gentle _ and appearance and he is popular with all the girls.A ways B methods C approaches D manners22. curiously adv. 好奇地，奇异地，奇怪地 词组： be curious about 对.好奇 be curious to do 急于做. out of curiosity 处于好奇 in/with curiosity 好奇地23. indicate v. 指出， 知识，标示，表明indication n. 指示，显示，象征 indicator n. 指示器，指示牌24. give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 Ill give you a lift if you like. 如果你愿意，可以搭我的车。词组： ask for a lift 要求搭便车 take the lift 乘电梯 lift up 拿起，举起例题： _? Im afraid Ill miss the last train. Certainly. Get on. A May I ask you a question. B Can I help you C Could you give a lift D Can I take your order25. interrupt vt.插嘴，打扰，暂停，中断例句： The meeting was interrupted by a sudden alarm. disturb vt. 打扰，使焦虑不安，弄乱，扰乱 disturb sb. 打扰某人或使某人不安 disturb the quietness of the night 打破夜的宁静例题： Production at the factory was _ for two hours because of the accident. A interrupted B disturbed C missed D lost26. drop off vi. 打盹儿，打瞌睡 vt. 让某人下车词组： drop in/over/by/round 顺便拜访 drop in on sb./at sp. 拜访某人/某地例题: My uncle invited you to see him when you are in Beijing the next time. Im about to leave for Beijing next Monday. Could I _ his house? A drop in at B call on C get into D come to 27. request n. 要求，请求 v. 要求，要求（某事）做某事例句：We should make a request for help. 我们应该请求支援词组： request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 request that.（should)do sth. 要求.做某事 request of sb. that 要求某人 by request 应.的要求 in request 受欢迎 on request 一经要求 make a request 提出要求例题： Never reply to any e-mail _ personal information however official they appear. A searching B asking C requesting D questioningThe old pianist wouldnt listen to our repeated request that he _ in public again.A play B played C would play D was going to play 28. cautious adj. 小心翼翼的，谨慎的 词组： be cautious of/about/with 留意，谨防 be cautious not to do sth. 小心不做某事例题： The government must be very _ about setting policies and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one. A particular B concerned C certain D cautious29. familiar adj 熟悉的词组： be familiar with 对.熟悉 be familiar to 为.所熟悉 sb. be familiar with sb. 某人与某人亲密无间 be similar to 与.相似 be similar in 在.方面类似 例题： Im sorry to say I am not _ the rules of baseball, though it is _ nearly everyone in the town. Thats OK. A familiar to; familiar with B familiar with; familiar to C familiar to; familiar to D familiar with; familiar with 30. stare vi. 瞪着眼睛凝视 n.凝视，注视stare at 指由于好奇，无礼，傲慢而睁大眼睛凝视，盯着，等着看（一般含贬义）glare at 指由于愤怒而瞪着看look at 看着，不带感情色彩glance at 看一看，瞥一眼（粗略的看一下）例题：I dont think Jim saw me, he _ space.A. Just stared at B was just staring into C has just stared into D had just stared at31. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事keep doing sth. 一直做某事，反复做某事（强调一种活动不间断）keep on doing sth. 表示继续做某事，强调决心和毅力keep的相关词组：keep in touch with 与.保持联系 keep sth./sb. out of sth. 不让某物/某人入内keep out 挡住，使进不去 keep back 阻挡 keep an eye on sth. 注意，看守，照看 keep.in mind 牢记，放在心里 keep off 使避开 keep sb. from doing sth. 组织某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停做某事 keep ones word 遵守诺言 keep silence 保持安静 keep a secret 保守秘密 keep ones head 保持镇静 keep ones mind on 把注意力集中在.上 keep ones temper 不生气，不发脾气 keep a firm(tight) hold (grip)on 牢牢控制 keep up保持，持续 例题：(1) The heavy rain kept _ for several days and all the roads were flooded.(2) We kept on _(send)our hope that they would have a chance to visit China some day.(3)Its a top secret. Yes, I see. I will keep the secret _ you and me.32. suit vt. 对.合适，使满意 vt.(衣服，颜色等）合身，适合 vi. 合适，相称例如： I think Tuesday suits me better.match 多指物与物相配，人与人势均力敌suit 多指适合需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等fit多指大小、形状、尺寸的合适“吻合”“协调”例题： How about eight oclock outside the cinema?That_ me fine.A fits B meets C satisfies D suits(2) What surprised us was that he _ his shooting skill against the experts.A matched B fitted C showed D made33. appetite n. 食欲，胃口，欲望，爱好lose ones appetite 失去欲望，胃口不好 have an appetite for 渴望例题： Watching the battle scene in the movie made me lose my _.A food B diet C appetite D breath34. desire n.渴望，欲望，希望 v 渴望，期望，请求desire to do sth. 希望做某事 desire sb. To do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire+that 希望，要求 后用虚拟语气have no/much desire for 对.没有/有欲望be filled with desire to do sth.充满要做某事的欲望have a strong desire to do sth.=strongly desire to do sth. 急于想做某事例题： She looks cold, but inside she has a _ to be understood and loved.A need B demand C desire D requirement35. insist v. 坚持，极力要求，强调insist on 坚持，强调，后接名词，代词和动名词insist that 从句用虚拟语气也可以用陈述语气，跟suggest用法相似例题： I would like Tom to go with us, but Tom insisted that he _(stay) at home.36. attach vt. 加上，连上，依恋，喜欢,;系，固定，认为.有重要性，(使）与.有联系attach sth. (to sth.) 把.固定，把.附在.上 attach importance/value/weight,etc.(to sth.) 认为.有重要性（价值，分量） attach to sb./sth. 与.有联系 be attached to sb./sth. 依恋，爱慕，附属于 attach oneself to 依附，热爱例题： Mary is a girl who _ her mother, so if she goes abroad, she may feel homesick.A attaches to B is attached C is attached to D attach herself to37. popular adj. 流行的，通俗的，普及的，大众的拓展词： popularity n.普及，流行 popularize v. 普及 popularly adv. 一般地，流行地38. condition n. 条件，目前的状况in good condition 健康状况良好，保存的好 out of condition 健康状况不好，保存的不好make it a condition that 以.为条件 on/upon condition that 在这个、那个条件下on this/that condition 在这个、那个条件下例题： They supplied me with good living _, so I had _ happy experience.A conditions; a B condition;a C conditions;/ D condition;/39. be proud of 以.为自豪 proud 的名词形式，pride词组： take pride in = be proud of 以.为自豪 take(a) pride in doing 以做.而自豪Pride comes/goes before a fall. 骄傲使人失败。40. Minority n. 少数，少数派例如： The Chinese nation includes more than 50 national minorities besides the Hans.词组： a minority of 少数 be in a /the minority 占少数 拓展词汇： minor adj.少数