外研版必修三module5重点知识与练习.doc

.单词荟萃1equal v. 等于adj. 相等的， 平等的 _ adv. 同样地， 相等地 _ n平等， 同等2. _ n重要， 重要性 important adj. 重要的3stress n. 压力v.重读， 强调 _ adj. 紧张的 _ adv.感到压力的4. _ v. 辞职 resignation n. 辞职； 辞呈5. _ adj. 有影响的 influence n&v. 影响6. _ n诚实 honest adj.诚实的 _ adv. 诚实地7. _ n. 正义， 公正 just adv.正好；刚才 adj.正义的8. _ n贡献， 捐助contribute v. 捐赠， 作出贡献9invent vt.发明；虚构， 编造 _ n. 发明 _ n. 发明家10. _ n. 争论， 辩论 argue v. 辩论；主张.短语检测1相信；信任 2养育； 提出 3采纳建议 4在一些方面 5责任感 6对感到自豪 7总之 8生平第一次 9如果是这样的话 10起初， 一开始 believe in bring up follow/take ones advice in some ways a sense of responsibility be proud of in conclusion for the first time ever if so at first .佳句再现1But it was also _ there were many great philosophers. 但是这也是一个有很多伟大的哲学家的时代。2Mencius was a thinker _ teachings were very _ of Confucius. 孟子是一位思想家，他的学说与孔子的相似。3For many years he traveled _ the principles of Confucius.很多年他游走于各个国家传授孔子的理念。4Mencius believed that _ man is different from animals _ man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。5Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were _ a horse. 汽车首次在19世纪末开始使用， 跑得和马一样慢。.词汇学习1equaladj.相等的；同样的 n. 相等的人或物 vt. 等于；比得上(1) equally adv. 同样地；相等地 equality n. 相等；平等；同等(2) be equal to 和相等；能胜任of equal size/length/importance大小/长度相同/同样重要【活学活用】(1)The rent was _ half his monthly income. 租金相当于他的月收入的一半。(2)Diet and exercise are _饮食和锻炼同样重要。2order n. 秩序；顺序；订购；订单；(点的)饭菜；命令vt. 命令；订购；点菜/饮料等(1)disorder n. 混乱， 紊乱， 无秩序(2)in order 有秩序；有条理 out of order 紊乱；出故障in order to do/in order that 以便；为了place an order for 订购take ones order 记下某人的订单 keep order 维持秩序(3)order sb. to do命令/吩咐某人做某事order that 命令(从句用should动词原形， should可以省略)【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)The phone is _. 电话坏了。(2)We _ yet. 我们还没点菜。(3)He lit a cigarette _ calm his mind.他点燃一支香烟， 稳定一下情绪。2. 单项填空Shall I take your _ , sir?Well, we need to look at the menu for a while. Aservice Bfood Corder Drequest【解析】 C根据第二个人说“需要看一会菜单”可知第一句话是服务员询问顾客是否点菜。take ones order是指“记下某人的订单”，即“点菜”。3stressn. 压力；强调；重音vt. 强调；重读(1)stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的； 紧张的(2)lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调be under stress 在压力下 relieve/reduce stress 减少压力suffer from stress 遭受压力(3)be stressed out 焦虑不安的stress the importance of 强调的重要性【活学活用】(1)Robert looks so _ (焦虑不安的) since he started this new job. (2)Janes been _ since her mothers illness.简自从妈妈生病以来一直压力很大。4inventvt. 发明；创造；编造；想出invention n. 发明；创造 inventor n. 发明者；创造者【易混辨析】invent, discover, find和find out(1)invent 指发明出原来不存在的东西。(2)discover 指发现早已存在的但不为人所知的东西。(3)find意为“找到， 发现”， 通常指找到或发现具体的东西， 也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况， 强调的是找的结果。(4)find out 指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相， 意为“查明， 弄清楚”。【活学活用】用invent, discover或find out的适当形式填空(1)Laszlo Biro _ the ballpoint pen. (2)Columbus is said to _ America in 1492.(3)Can you _what time the meeting will start?(4)You are always _ excuses. 5conditionn. 状况；条件；环境， 条件on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下on no condition 无论如何都不；绝不 on condition that条件是【易混辨析】state, situation, condition和position(1)state 表示某事物所显示出的具体状况或状态， 是可数名词。如：Water exists in three states. 水有三种形态。(2)situation表示国家、集体或个人所处的综合的“形势， 情况， 处境”。如：international situation国际形势in the present situation 在目前形势下(3)condition 表示要做某事需满足的“条件”；某人、某物所处的“(健康)状况”(不可数名词， 但有时也加a)；表示工作、学习等的“环境， 条件”时多用复数。如：poor working conditions 恶劣的工作环境meet/satisfy a condition 满足条件Hes in excellent condition for a man of his age. 他就其年龄而言， 身体极好。 (4)position指“位置， 职位”。【活学活用】(1) _are you allowed to do that. 无论如何也不允许你那样做。(2)Ill let you borrow it _ you lend me your bicycle in return. 我借给你也行， 但有个条件， 你得把你的自行车借给我。(3) People are looking forward to improving their living _. 人们期待着改善生活条件。(4) Children must be taught to deal with dangerous _.必须教会孩子们处理危险的情况。(5)Ice is water in a solid _. 冰是水的固体状态。6contributionn. 贡献；促成作用；捐款；捐献物；投稿(1)contribute v. 捐款；贡献；有助于；投稿(2)make a contribution to 对作贡献 contribute (sth.) to 对捐献， 向投稿 contribute to 有助于， 促成【活学活用】(1)Everyone should _ our society. 人人都应该为社会作贡献。(2) The government encouraged everyone to _ those suffering from disaster. 政府鼓励每个人向受灾的人们捐助。(3)Does smoking _ lung cancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？ 短语学习1. bring up教育， 养育；提出；呕吐bring down使下降 bring in 引入；提出；获利bring about 引起， 导致， 造成 bring along 带来bring out 使显示；出版；生产【活学活用】用bring相关短语的适当形式填空(1) Her parents died when she was a baby and she was _by her aunt.(2)Scientists say that many factors _ changes in the weather. (3)The store has agreed to _ the price of the computer. (4) The sale of the house only _ about 45, 000.(5)New personal computers are _ almost daily. . 句型学习1Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. 孟子是一位思想家， 他的学说与孔子的学说极为相似。【句式点拨】在表示比较的句型中， those可用来替代前文中的复数名词。若前文名词为不可数名词或单数名词， 则用that。【活学活用】用that或those填空(1)The weather in Beijing is much colder than _ in Shanghai. (2)The students in our class are much older than _ in your class. 2Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a horse. 汽车首次在19世纪末开始使用， 跑得和马一样慢。【句式点拨】no 比较级than 表“两者都不”；not 比较级than 表“前者不如后者”。如He is no more careful than you. He is as careless as you.他和你一样粗心。He is not more careful than you. 他没有你那么细心。【活学活用】Not all bamboo grows tall. The shortest grows _ your ankles. Ahigher than Bas high as Cno higher than Dless higher than【解析】 Cno higher than as short as，正符合语境。句意：并非所有的竹子都长得很高，最矮的竹子长得只有你脚踝那么高。课后练习.单词拼写1I do believe in e _ of opportunity.2It was commonly believed that he was an _ (诚实的)man.3The i _ of the computer marked the beginning of a new era.4Dont a _ with me; my decision is final. 5Beethoven was an _(有影响力的) figure in the history of music. .选词填空bring up， believe in， at first， in some ways， in conclusion1The changes are beneficial _ but not in others.2Your suggestion will _ at the next meeting. 3. _, Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.4He is one of my best friends. I _ him.5. _, I dont like him, but later we became good friends. .单项填空1 2010辽宁卷 I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges.A. by B. in C. on D. to 【解析】 Con the condition that相当于一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。22010全国卷 The island is _ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally【解析】 D考查副词词义辨析。partly部分地；merely仅仅；nearly几乎；equally同样地。句意：这个岛屿因春秋两季气候宜人，因此同样迷人。 3From their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.Astage Bposition Ccondition Dsituation【解析】 B考查名词词义辨析。stage 舞台，时期，阶段；position 位置；condition 条件，情况；situation 形势，情况，情景。根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。句意：从电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地观赏这个城市的景色。4We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great _ . Aemotion Bexcitement Ccrisis Dstress【解析】 D考查名词辨析。 put sb. under (great) stress使某人处境(非常)紧张，使某人受(很大)压力。5Every year the CCTV chooses ten _ figures among the ordinary people, whose deeds can move China. Ahistorical Bluckiest Cmost influential Dmore enthusiastic【解析】 C考查形容词辨析。句意：每年中央电视台都要在普通人中评选10位最有影响的人物，他们的事迹能够感动中国。6Why did you _ ?I was offered a better position at IBM. Areact Bretire Cresign Dremove【解析】 C考查动词辨析。react反应；retire退休；resign辞职；rem